scholarly journals Genome-wide deletion mutant analysis reveals genes required for respiratory growth, mitochondrial genome maintenance and mitochondrial protein synthesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

2009 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. R95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Merz ◽  
Benedikt Westermann
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Mitochondrial Genome ◽  
Deletion Mutant ◽  
Mitochondrial Protein ◽  
Mitochondrial Protein Synthesis ◽  
Genome Maintenance ◽  
Mutant Analysis ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Respiratory Growth

scholarly journals EXPRESSION OF THE MITOCHONDRIAL GENOME IN HELA CELLS

1973 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 819-831 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Storrie ◽  
Giuseppe Attardi
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Mitochondrial Genome ◽  
Hela Cells ◽  
Mitochondrial Protein ◽  
Selective Inhibition ◽  
Mitochondrial Protein Synthesis ◽  
Cloning Efficiency ◽  
Cell Growth Inhibition ◽  
Progressive Loss ◽  
Two Generations

The effect of selective inhibition of mitochondrial protein synthesis by chloramphenicol at 40 or 200 µg/ml on the formation of mitochondria in HeLa cells was investigated. HeLa cells, under the conditions used in the present work, grow at a decreasing rate for at least four cell generations in the presence of 40 µg/ml chloramphenicol, and for two generations in the presence of 200 µg/ml chloramphenicol. The progressive cell growth inhibition which begins after 2 days of exposure of the cells to 40 µg/ml chloramphenicol is immediately or gradually reversible, upon removal of the drug, for periods up to at least 8 days of treatment, though there is a progressive loss of cloning efficiency. In cells which have been treated for 6–7 days with 40 or 200 µg/ml of chloramphenicol, mitochondrial protein synthesis occurs at a normal or near-normal rate 1 h after removal of the drug. Mitochondria increase normally in number and show a normal size and amount of cristae in the presence of either concentration of drug. However, in 4–5% of the mitochondrial profiles the cristae appear to be arranged in unusual, circular, looped or whorled configuration.

scholarly journals Mitonuclear Interactions in the Maintenance of Mitochondrial Integrity

Life ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 173
Author(s):  
Panagiotis Karakaidos ◽  
Theodoros Rampias
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Mitochondrial Genome ◽  
Aging Process ◽  
Mitochondrial Protein ◽  
Eukaryotic Cells ◽  
Mitochondrial Protein Synthesis ◽  
Respiratory Chain Complexes ◽  
Chain Complexes ◽  
Insight Into

In eukaryotic cells, mitochondria originated in an α-proteobacterial endosymbiont. Although these organelles harbor their own genome, the large majority of genes, originally encoded in the endosymbiont, were either lost or transferred to the nucleus. As a consequence, mitochondria have become semi-autonomous and most of their processes require the import of nuclear-encoded components to be functional. Therefore, the mitochondrial-specific translation has evolved to be coordinated by mitonuclear interactions to respond to the energetic demands of the cell, acquiring unique and mosaic features. However, mitochondrial-DNA-encoded genes are essential for the assembly of the respiratory chain complexes. Impaired mitochondrial function due to oxidative damage and mutations has been associated with numerous human pathologies, the aging process, and cancer. In this review, we highlight the unique features of mitochondrial protein synthesis and provide a comprehensive insight into the mitonuclear crosstalk and its co-evolution, as well as the vulnerabilities of the animal mitochondrial genome.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document