scholarly journals A rare case of thymic carcinoid presenting with gastrointestinal symptoms and pericardium effusion

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qun-yan Xiang ◽  
Jin Xu ◽  
Ling Liu
Keyword(s):  
Rare Case ◽  
Pulmonary Veins ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Malignant Neoplasm ◽  
Ventricular Myocardium ◽  
Pathological Examination ◽  
Thymic Carcinoid ◽  
Rare Type ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Multiple Imaging

Abstract Background Thymic carcinoid is one of an extremely rare type of malignant neuroendocrine tumor with a poor prognosis. Invasion of thymic carcinoid to other organs could lead to devastating consequences. It has been reported that thymic carcinoid mainly invaded to the pleura, lungs, liver, pancreas and bone, while rarely to the cardiac, especially to the ventricle. Case presentation A 53-year-old man presented with gastrointestinal symptoms and persistent pericardial effusion. Multiple imaging tools, including chest computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/CT (18F-FDG PET/CT) showed a malignant neoplasm arising from the thymus invading into the biventricular myocardium, pericardium, and left superior pulmonary veins. The tumor was finally diagnosed as a thymic carcinoid through pathological examination. Conclusion This is a rare case of thymic carcinoid invading the ventricular myocardium, which presented as subacute heart failure. The observations in this case would be useful for differential diagnosis of primary heart disease and invasion of heart due to thymic carcinoid.

scholarly journals A Rare Tumor in a Patient with Hepatic Hydatic Cyst: Adrenal Hepatoid Adenocarcinoma

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatma Umit Malya ◽  
Suleyman Bozkurt ◽  
Mustafa Hasbahceci ◽  
Gokhan Cipe ◽  
Issam Cheikh Ahmad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rare Case ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Pathological Examination ◽  
Hepatoid Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Rare Tumor ◽  
Pathological Findings ◽  
Rare Type ◽  
Hepatoid Carcinoma ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Hydatic Cyst

Hepatoid adenocarcinoma (HAC) is a very rare type of extrahepatic adenocarcinoma which has a clinicopathologic and morphologic similarity to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Although it is not common, it can be seen in organs other than the liver. The correct diagnosis can be a challenge because of its clinically similarity to HCC and the diagnosis is usually achieved by pathological examination following the surgery. We present a 48-year-old woman who was following with the diagnosis of stage 5 hepatic hydatic cyst. In her routine blood examinations, her alpha feta protein level was found higher than normal and her abdominal computed tomography and magnetic resonance findings did not reveal any pathological findings rather than hepatic hydatic cysts. There was a high activity of FDG on PET CT in the hepatic region so we performed a right lateral hepatectomy to the patient and final pathology was adrenal hepatoid adenocarcinoma. In this paper we aimed to present a rare case of hepatoid carcinoma of the adrenal gland.

scholarly journals Surgical intervention as a curative major for secondary hypertension

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 2480
Author(s):  
Ramesh Mahadev Tambat ◽  
Venuprasad Narasimhaiah ◽  
Marshall David Collin ◽  
Nataraj Y. Sannappanavar ◽  
Nitin Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Secondary Hypertension ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Neuroendocrine Neoplasm ◽  
Rare Type ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Extent Of Disease

Retroperitoneal functional paraganglioma is a rare type of neuroendocrine neoplasm which secrete excess catecholamines including epinephrine, norepinephrine, dopamine and their metabolites metanephrine, normetanephrine, 3-methoxytyramine respectively. Early diagnosis of functional paraganglioma is important because its removal is often curative. The extent of disease is evaluate using 2(18F)-fluoro-2 deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET), where increased uptake of 18-FDG observed the mass. It is one of the rare curable causes of secondary hypertension. Here, we have presented the rare case of a young female who was recently diagnosed with hypertension and pain in abdomen, was later found to have functional paraganglioma.

scholarly journals [18F]fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose ([18F]FDG) positron emission tomography imaging of thymic carcinoid tumor presenting with recurrent Cushing’s syndrome

2005 ◽  
Vol 152 (4) ◽  
pp. 521-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Athina Markou ◽  
Patrick Manning ◽  
Banu Kaya ◽  
Sam N Datta ◽  
Jamshed B Bomanji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Carcinoid Tumor ◽  
Fdg Pet ◽  
Pet Scan ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Thymic Carcinoid ◽  
Acth Secretion ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Thymic Carcinoid Tumor

We report a case of a young woman with Cushing’s syndrome (CS), in whom although endocrine investigations and negative pituitary imaging were suggestive of ectopic ACTH secretion, the results of inferior petrosal sinus (IPS) sampling after coricotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) stimulation were suggestive of pituitary ACTH hypersecretion. 111In-labelled octreotide and high-resolution computer tomography (CT) revealed a lesion possibly responsible for the ACTH source in the thymus. Thymectomy confirmed concomitant ectopic CRH and probable ACTH production by a thymic neuroendocrine carcinoma. After an 8-year remission period the patient developed a clinical and biochemical relapse. A high-resolution computed tomography (CT) scan of the thorax showed a 2-cm nodule in the thymic bed, which was positive on a [18F]fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose ([18F]FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) scan. However, a repeated thymectomy did not result in remission. A repeat [18F]FDG PET study showed persistent disease in the thymic bed and also uptake in the adrenals. The patient underwent bilateral adrenalectomy, which resulted in clinical remission. A further [18F]FDG PET scan 8 months later showed no progression of the thymic tumor and confirmed complete excision of the adrenals. This is a rare case of concomitant CRH and ACTH secretion from a thymic carcinoid tumor; the case illustrates the usefulness of functional imaging with [18F]FDG PET in the diagnosis, management and follow-up of neuroendocrine tumors.

scholarly journals Oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma mimicking submucosal tumour

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen Wang ◽  
Dazhou Li ◽  
Linfu Zheng ◽  
Hongli Zhan
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Squamous Epithelium ◽  
Pathological Examination ◽  
Muscularis Mucosa ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Duct Epithelium ◽  
Tumour Spread ◽  
Positron Emission

Abstract Background Oesophageal submucosal tumours are usually benign. We report a rare case of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma presenting as a submucosal tumour. Case presentation A 58-year-old man undergoing screening oesophago-gastroduodenoscopy was found to have a smooth-surfaced 0.6-cm sized submucosal tumour in the oesophagus 30 cm from the incisor. Endoscopic ultrasonography showed the tumour to be located in the muscularis mucosa; the lesion was heterogeneously hypoechoic and had a clear boundary. With a provisional diagnosis of leiomyoma, the tumour was removed by endoscopic submucosal dissection. Pathological examination showed it to be a moderately differentiated infiltrating squamous cell carcinoma, with normal overlying squamous epithelium. Immunohistochemistry indicated that it was caused by malignant transformation in mucosal glandular duct epithelium. Positron emission tomography–computer tomography showed no tumour spread to any other site. The patient was treated by oesophageal resection. Conclusion The clinician should be aware that oesophageal submucosal tumours with smooth overlying mucosa may not always be benign; malignancy must be ruled out.

scholarly journals An extremely rare case of a gastric accessory spleen: case report and review of the literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guiqin Chen ◽  
Lei Nie ◽  
Tijiang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Rare Case ◽  
Accessory Spleen ◽  
Gastric Fundus ◽  
Pathological Examination ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Gastric Bleeding ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Normal Spleen ◽  
Elevated Lesion ◽  
Lesser Curvature

Abstract Background The accessory spleen has no anatomical or vascular relationship with the normal spleen, The tissue structure and physiological function of the accessory spleen are the same as those of the normal spleen, which usually locate in the splenic hilum and the tail of the pancreas. The aims of this manuscript are to present a rare case of the gastric accessory spleen and a review of the literature. Case presentation A 19-year-old male patient was sent to the emergency department with stomach bleeding after drinking alcohol. The computed tomographic scan showed a 1.2 cm × 1.7 cm mass at the lesser curvature of the gastric fundus. Gastrointestinal endoscopy displayed a submucosal elevated lesion on the gastric fundus, and gastrectomy was performed. Postoperative pathological examination proved an accessory spleen in the stomach. The postoperative course was uneventful, and the patient was discharged on the 6th day after the surgery. Conclusions The accessory spleen at the fundus of stomach is extremely rare, especially in this case, which is accompanied by acute gastric bleeding, and it is difficult to diagnosis before operation. Many literatures reported that it was misdiagnosis as tumor, so it is necessary to diagnose accessory spleen correctly.

scholarly journals Significance of intra-nodular vessel sign in differentiating benign and malignant pulmonary ground-glass nodules

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin-jie Fu ◽  
Fa-jin Lv ◽  
Wang-jia Li ◽  
Rui-yu Lin ◽  
Yi-neng Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Pulmonary Veins ◽  
Ground Glass ◽  
Occurrence Rate ◽  
Pathological Examination ◽  
Common Occurrence ◽  
Vascular Changes ◽  
Distance Ratio ◽  
Pulmonary Vessels ◽  
Ground Glass Nodules

Abstract Background The presence of pulmonary vessels inside ground-glass nodules (GGNs) of different nature is a very common occurrence. This study aimed to reveal the significance of pulmonary vessels displayed in GGNs in their diagnosis and differential diagnosis. Results A total of 149 malignant and 130 benign GGNs confirmed by postoperative pathological examination were retrospectively enrolled in this study. There were significant differences in size, shape, nodule-lung interface, pleural traction, lobulation, and spiculation (each p < 0.05) between benign and malignant GGNs. Compared with benign GGNs, intra-nodular vessels were more common in malignant GGNs (67.79% vs. 54.62%, p = 0.024), while the vascular categories were similar (p = 0.663). After adjusting the nodule size and the distance between the nodule center and adjacent pleura [radius–distance ratio, RDR], the occurrences of internal vessels between them were similar. The number of intra-nodular vessels was positively correlated with nodular diameter and RDR. Vascular changes were more common in malignant than benign GGNs (52.48% vs. 18.31%, p < 0.0001), which mainly manifested as distortion and/or dilation of pulmonary veins (61.19%). The occurrence rate, number, and changes of internal vessels had no significant differences among all the pre-invasive and invasive lesions (each p > 0.05). Conclusions The incidence of internal vessels in GGNs is mainly related to their size and the distance between nodule and pleura rather than the pathological nature. However, GGNs with dilated or distorted internal vessels, especially pulmonary veins, have a higher possibility of malignancy.

scholarly journals Large-extension osteosarcoma with involvement of multiple maxillofacial structures: a rare case report

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. e1519108461
Author(s):  
Rani Iani Costa Gonçalo ◽  
Cristiane Kalinne Santos Medeiros ◽  
Humberto Pereira Chaves Neto ◽  
Janaina Lessa de Moraes dos Santos ◽  
Adriano Rocha Germano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rare Case ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Malignant Neoplasm ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Primary Treatment ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Anatomical Structures ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Head And Neck Region ◽  
Rare Case Report

Background: Osteosarcoma is a malignant neoplasm that occurs most often in long bones, with the head and neck region being rarely affected, accounting for less than 1% of all cancers in this region. Objective: To report a rare case of a large-extension osteosarcoma with emphasis on its clinical and diagnostic aspects. Case presentation: A 43-year-old woman presenting an intraoral exophytic lesion with involvement of other maxillofacial structures, such as nostril, zygoma and orbit. Despite the initial clinical diagnosis of actinomycosis, an incisional biopsy confirmed the histopathological diagnosis of osteosarcoma, showing a wide morphological variety. Conclusion: This case highlights the importance of clinical and histopathological findings for the correct diagnosis of osteosarcoma. Moreover, it shows that, although surgical resection is the primary treatment for this neoplasia, depending on the extent of the tumor and its proximity to vital anatomical structures, the most appropriate conduct is not always feasible.

scholarly journals Axumin Positron Emission Tomography: Novel Agent for Prostate Cancer Biochemical Recurrence

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Swachchhanda Songmen ◽  
Pankaj Nepal ◽  
Thomas Olsavsky ◽  
Joshua Sapire
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Biochemical Recurrence ◽  
Bone Scan ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Lower Sensitivity ◽  
Imaging Protocol ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Multiple Imaging

Prostate cancer remains one of the top common cancers in terms of incidence and cancer-related deaths. Approximately 1/3rd cases develop biochemical recurrence during surveillance post-definite therapy. Multiple imaging modalities, including computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (including multiparametric prostate MRI), bone scan, and positron emission tomography (PET) using different tracers are being used for the characterization of the prostate cancer recurrence. CT and MRI do not provide physiological information, thus have lower sensitivity in detecting the metastasis. A bone scan has low sensitivity (depending on the prostate-specific antigen level) with low specificity as well. Among different PET tracers, Axumin PET appears to be the most promising tool. Axumin PET is Food and Drug Administration approved for the evaluation of prostate cancer biochemical recurrence. Several studies have shown that Axumin PET findings played a key role in treatment modification by finding otherwise undetected lesions. We briefly discuss the salient characteristics, imaging protocol and image interpretation criteria for Axumin PET in the workup of prostate cancer biochemical recurrence.

scholarly journals Burkitt's Lymphoma of Anterior Skull Base associated with Acute Loss of Vision: A Rare Case Report

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-30
Author(s):  
Varsha Varshney ◽  
Gaurav Gupta ◽  
Mohnish Grover ◽  
Vikas Devra
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Skull Base ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Malignant Neoplasm ◽  
Complete Recovery ◽  
Burkitt’S Lymphoma ◽  
Anterior Skull Base ◽  
Burkitt's Lymphoma ◽  
Loss Of Vision ◽  
Rare Case Report

ABSTRACT Burkitt's lymphoma is a malignant neoplasm rarely found in paranasal sinuses and skull base. We report a rare case of Burkitt's lymphoma of anterior skull base associated with acute loss of vision. A 10 years old boy presented with history of headache, diminution of vision in right eye since 15 days. Biopsy showed diffuse NHL of Burkitt's type. After treatment with chemotherapy there was complete recovery in vision. How to cite this article Gupta G, Devra V, Grover M, Varshney V. Burkitt's Lymphoma of Anterior Skull Base associated with Acute Loss of Vision: A Rare Case Report. Clin Rhinol An Int J 2014;7(1):28-30.

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