Onchocerca - infected cattle produce strong antibody responses to excretory-secretory proteins released from adult male Onchocerca ochengi worms

ABSTRACTSeveral serological tests designed to detect antibodies to immunodominantMycobacterium bovisantigens have recently emerged as ancillary tests for the detection of bovine tuberculosis in cattle, particularly when used after the injection of purified protein derivative (PPD) for skin testing, which significantly boostsM. bovis-specific antibody responses. The present findings demonstrate the onset and duration of boosted antibody responses after the injection ofM. bovisPPD for the caudal fold test (CFT) andMycobacterium aviumandM. bovisPPDs for the comparative cervical test (CCT), administered in series in cattle experimentally infected withM. bovis. While skin tests boosted the responses to certain antigens (i.e., MPB83 and MPB70), they did not affect the responses to other antigens (e.g., ESAT-6, CFP10, MPB59, and MPB64). Administration of the CCT 105 days after the CFT resulted in an even greater secondary boost in antibody responses to MPB83 and MPB70 and to a proteinase K-digested whole-cell sonicate (WCS-PK) ofM. bovis. Both IgM and IgG contributed to the initial boost in the MPB83/MPB70-specific antibody response after the CFT. The secondary boost after the CCT was primarily due to increased IgG levels. Also, the avidity of antibodies to MPB83 and MPB70 increased after the CCT inM. bovis-infected cattle. The avidity of antibodies to the WCS-PK antigens increased in the interval between the CFT and the CCT but did not increase further after the CCT. Together, these findings demonstrate that the administration of PPDs for skin tests results in additive enhancement (i.e., when the CFT and CCT are performed in series), both qualitative and quantitative, of MPB83/MPB70-specific antibody responses.

Download Full-text

Species-Specific Antibody Responses to the Recombinant 53-Kilodalton Excretory and Secretory Proteins in Mice Infected with Trichinella spp.

Clinical and Vaccine Immunology ◽

10.1128/cvi.00467-07 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 15 (3) ◽

pp. 468-473 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Isao Nagano ◽

Zhiliang Wu ◽

Yuzo Takahashi

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Recombinant Protein ◽

Recombinant Proteins ◽

Specific Antibody ◽

Expression System ◽

Amino Acid Sequences ◽

Antibody Responses ◽

Secretory Proteins ◽

Muscle Larvae ◽

Species Specific

ABSTRACT The 53-kDa proteins in larval excretory and secretory (E-S) products were expressed from five Trichinella species (T. spiralis, T. britovi, T. nativa, T. pseudospiralis, and T. papuae), using the Escherichia coli expression system, and the antibody responses to the 53-kDa recombinant proteins in mice infected with Trichinella spp. were analyzed by Western blotting. The 53-kDa protein is conserved among the five Trichinella species, with >60% similarity in amino acid sequences. The 53-kDa recombinant proteins of T. spiralis and T. pseudospiralis reacted to sera from mice infected with T. spiralis and T. pseudospiralis at 8 days postinfection (p.i.), respectively. An antibody against the 53-kDa recombinant protein of T. spiralis recognized the 53-kDa protein in the crude extracts from adult worms and 30-day p.i. muscle larvae and E-S products from muscle larvae of T. spiralis but did not recognize any proteins from T. pseudospiralis. The sera from the mice infected with T. spiralis strongly reacted with the 53-kDa recombinant protein of T. spiralis but did not react with the 53-kDa recombinant proteins of T. britovi, T. nativa, T. pseudospiralis, and T. papuae. Similarly, the sera from mice infected with T. britovi, T. nativa, T. pseudospiralis, or T. papuae strongly reacted with the 53-kDa recombinant proteins of T. britovi, T. nativa, T. pseudospiralis, or T. papuae, respectively. These results showed that the 53-kDa recombinant proteins provide early and species-specific antibody responses in mice infected with Trichinella spp.

Download Full-text

Antibody Responses to MAP 1B and Other Cowdria ruminantium Antigens Are Down Regulated in Cattle Challenged with Tick-Transmitted Heartwater

Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology ◽

10.1128/cdli.8.2.388-396.2001 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 388-396 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

S. M. Semu ◽

T. F. Peter ◽

D. Mukwedeya ◽

A. F. Barbet ◽

F. Jongejan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tick Infestation ◽

Repeated Exposure ◽

Antibody Responses ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Infected Cattle ◽

Igg Antibodies ◽

Igg Antibody ◽

Cowdria Ruminantium ◽

Infection Pressure ◽

Specific Igg

ABSTRACT Serological diagnosis of heartwater or Cowdria ruminantium infection has been hampered by severe cross-reactions with antibody responses to related ehrlichial agents. A MAP 1B indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay that has an improved specificity and sensitivity for detection of immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies has been developed to overcome this constraint (A. H. M. van Vliet, B. A. M. Van der Zeijst, E. Camus, S. M. Mahan, D. Martinez, and F. Jongejan, J. Clin. Microbiol. 33:2405–2410, 1995). When sera were tested from cattle in areas of endemic heartwater infection in Zimbabwe, only 33% of the samples tested positive in this assay despite a high infection pressure (S. M. Mahan, S. M. Samu, T. F. Peter, and F. Jongejan, Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci 849:85–87, 1998). To determine underlying causes for this observation, the kinetics of MAP 1B-specific IgG antibodies in cattle after tick-transmitted C. ruminantium infection and following recovery were investigated. Sera collected weekly over a period of 52 weeks from 37 cattle, which were naturally or experimentally infected with C. ruminantium via Amblyomma hebraeum ticks, were analyzed. MAP 1B-specific IgG antibody responses developed with similar kinetics in both field- and laboratory-infected cattle. IgG levels peaked at 4 to 9 weeks after tick infestation and declined to baseline levels between 14 and 33 weeks, despite repeated exposure to infected ticks and the establishment of a carrier state as demonstrated by PCR and xenodiagnosis. Some of the serum samples from laboratory, and field-infected cattle were also analyzed by immunoblotting and an indirect fluorescent-antibody test (IFAT) to determine whether this observed seroreversion was specific to the MAP 1B antigen. Reciprocal IFAT and immunoblot MAP 1-specific antibody titres peaked at 5 to 9 weeks after tick infestation but also declined between 30 and 45 weeks. This suggests that MAP 1B-specific IgG antibody responses and antibody responses to other C. ruminantium antigens are down regulated in cattle despite repeated exposure to C. ruminantium via ticks. Significantly, serological responses to the MAP 1B antigen may not be a reliable indicator of C. ruminantium exposure in cattle in areas of endemic heartwater infection.

Download Full-text

Specific anti-Neospora caninum IgG1 and IgG2 antibody responses during gestation in naturally infected cattle and their relationship with gamma interferon production

Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology ◽

10.1016/j.vetimm.2009.01.003 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 130 (1-2) ◽

pp. 35-42 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

S. Almería ◽

C. Nogareda ◽

P. Santolaria ◽

I. Garcia-Ispierto ◽

J.L. Yániz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Neospora Caninum ◽

Gamma Interferon ◽

Antibody Responses ◽

Infected Cattle ◽

Interferon Production ◽

Igg2 Antibody

Download Full-text

Specific antibody responses to Mycobacterium bovis in infected cattle analysed with six mycobacterial antigens in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays

Research in Veterinary Science ◽

10.1016/0034-5288(91)90099-a ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 50 (2) ◽

pp. 157-161 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

L.A. Dowling ◽

S.M. Schleehauf

Keyword(s):

Mycobacterium Bovis ◽

Specific Antibody ◽

Antibody Responses ◽

Infected Cattle ◽

Immunosorbent Assays ◽

Mycobacterial Antigens

Download Full-text

Pachypodostyflavone, a New 3-methoxy Flavone and Other Constituents with Antifilarial Activities from the Stem Bark of Duguetia staudtii

Planta Medica International Open ◽

10.1055/a-1492-3585 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (02) ◽

pp. e56-e61

Author(s):

Alexis Sylvain Wafo Mbobda ◽

Alain Wembe Ngouonpe ◽

Gervais Mouthé Happi ◽

Bel Youssouf G. Mountessou ◽

Elvis Monya ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Adult Male ◽

Spectroscopic Data ◽

High Resolution Mass Spectrometry ◽

Stem Bark ◽

Methoxy Flavone ◽

Bioassay Guided Fractionation ◽

Onchocerca Ochengi ◽

Negative Controls ◽

Flavone Derivative

AbstractA new flavone derivative named pachypodostyflavone (1), along with 8 known compounds (2–9) and a mixture of β-sitosterol and stigmasterol were isolated from the stem bark of Duguetia staudtii (Annonaceae), based on a bioassay-guided fractionation. Their structures were determined using high-resolution mass spectrometry and NMR spectroscopic data, as well as by comparison with the literature values of their analogs. Selected isolated compounds were evaluated for their in vitro antifilaricidal activities on Onchocerca ochengi microfilariae and adult worms. Inhibition of motility was evaluated spectroscopically on microfilaria and adult male worms. Viability was determined on adult female worms by the MTT/ Formazan assay. Auranofin at 10 µM and 2% DMSO were used as positive and negative controls, respectively. Compounds 1 and 7 showed potent anti-onchocerca activities with 100% activity at 250 µg/mL on both O. ochengi adult male and female worms, while compound 5 displayed 100% activity at 30 µg/mL.

Download Full-text

Galectins from Onchocerca ochengi and O. volvulus and their immune recognition by Wistar rats, Gudali zebu cattle and human hosts

BMC Microbiology ◽

10.1186/s12866-020-02064-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Ngwafu Nancy Ngwasiri ◽

Norbert W. Brattig ◽

Dieudonné Ndjonka ◽

Eva Liebau ◽

Archile Paguem ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wistar Rats ◽

Mononuclear Cells ◽

Parasite Load ◽

Zebu Cattle ◽

Immune Reactivity ◽

Immune Recognition ◽

Infected Cattle ◽

Experimental Conditions ◽

Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽

Onchocerca Ochengi

Abstract Background During the last two decades research on animal filarial parasites, especially Onchocerca ochengi, infecting cattle in savanna areas of Africa revealed that O. ochengi as an animal model has biological features that are similar to those of O. volvulus, the aetiological agent of human onchocerciasis. There is, however, a paucity of biochemical, immunological and pathological data for O. ochengi. Galectins can be generated by parasites and their hosts. They are multifunctional molecules affecting the interaction between filarial parasites and their mammalian hosts including immune responses. This study characterized O. ochengi galectin, verified its immunologenicity and established its immune reactivity and that of Onchocerca volvulus galectin. Results The phylogenetic analysis showed the high degree of identity between the identified O. ochengi and the O. volvulus galectin-1 (ß-galactoside-binding protein-1) consisting only in one exchange of alanine for serine. O. ochengi galectin induced IgG antibodies during 28 days after immunization of Wistar rats. IgG from O. ochengi-infected cattle and O. volvulus-infected humans cross-reacted with the corresponding galectins. Under the applied experimental conditions in a cell proliferation test, O. ochengi galectin failed to significantly stimulate peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from O. ochengi-infected cattle, regardless of their parasite load. Conclusion An O. ochengi galectin gene was identified and the recombinantly expressed protein was immunogenic. IgG from Onchocerca-infected humans and cattle showed similar cross-reaction with both respective galectins. The present findings reflect the phylogenetic relationship between the two parasites and endorse the appropriateness of the cattle O. ochengi model for O. volvulus infection research.

Download Full-text