scholarly journals Clinically relevant prognostic and predictive markers for immune-checkpoint-inhibitor (ICI) therapy in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)

BMC Cancer ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wolfgang M. Brueckl ◽  
Joachim H. Ficker ◽  
Gloria Zeitler
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Genetic Markers ◽  
Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Immune Checkpoint ◽  
Palliative Treatment ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Predictive Markers ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Prognostic And Predictive Markers

Abstract Background Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) either alone or in combination with chemotherapy have expanded our choice of agents for the palliative treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Unfortunately, not all patients will experience favorable response to treatment with ICI and may even suffer from severe side effects. Therefore, prognostic and predictive markers, beyond programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression status, are of utmost importance for decision making in the palliative treatment. This review focuses on clinical, laboratory and genetic markers, most of them easily to obtain in the daily clinical practice. Results Recently, a number of prognostic and predictive factors in association to palliative ICI therapy have been described in NSCLC. Besides biometric parameters and clinical characteristics of the tumor, there are useful markers from routine blood sampling as well as innovative soluble genetic markers which can be determined before and during ICI treatment. Additionally, the level of evidence is noted. Conclusions These factors can be helpful to predict patients’ outcome and tumor response to ICI. They should be implemented prospectively in ICI based clinical trials to develop reliable algorithms for palliative NSCLC treatment.

scholarly journals Prognostic and Predictive Markers of Benefit from Adjuvant Chemotherapy in Early-Stage Non-small Cell Lung Cancer

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
pp. 891-910 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Belén Custodio ◽  
José Luis González-Larriba ◽  
Jana Bobokova ◽  
Antonio Calles ◽  
Rafael Álvarez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Adjuvant Chemotherapy ◽  
Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Predictive Markers ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Prognostic And Predictive Markers

scholarly journals Circulating predictive markers of immune checkpoint inhibitors in non-small cell lung cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 34-43
Author(s):  
A. A. Musaelyan ◽  
A. L. Akopov ◽  
S. V. Lapin ◽  
V. D. Nazarov ◽  
D. I. Fillipov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Immune Checkpoint ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Predictive Markers ◽  
Small Cell Lung

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) alone or in combination with chemotherapy have become one of the key approaches in the treatment of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Evaluation of level of PD-L1 (ligand of the programmed cell death receptor 1) expression on tumor cells using immunohistochemistry is the only approved option for determining the indications of ICIs in this group of patients. However, despite high level of PD-L1 expression, up to 80 % of patients do not respond to therapy due to the presence of primary or acquired resistance, which determines the limited effectiveness of ICI. In addition, 8–17 % of PD-L1-negative patients with NSCLC are also able to respond to ICIs. The limitation of this marker is that it does not allow assessing both intratumoral and systemic immune status. It is necessary to search for additional predictive markers to improve the accuracy of the selection of candidates for immunotherapy, which will avoid costs, wasted time, and a high risk of immune-related adverse events in potentially unresponsive patients. The attention of researchers is devoted to circulating markers in peripheral blood, as a non-invasive alternative to biopsy for predicting and monitoring the response. This review focuses on the most promising immunological markers in peripheral blood as potential predictors of response to ICIs in patients with advanced NSCLC.

Clinical predictive markers of response to immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy in advanced non-small cell lung cancer.

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e21044-e21044
Author(s):  
Raena Rhone ◽  
Katerine Dumais ◽  
Herman W. Powery ◽  
Frank Gentile ◽  
Luis E. Raez
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Immune Checkpoint ◽  
Advanced Nsclc ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Predictive Markers ◽  
Concomitant Chemotherapy ◽  
Small Cell Lung

e21044 Background: Overweight and obesity have been associated with improved overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) in patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI). EPSILoN score (EPSILoN), comprised of five clinical variables (smoking, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status, liver metastases, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio), is a known predictive marker of response to ICI. This study aims to validate body mass index (BMI) and EPSILoN as predictive markers of response in frontline treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with ICI with or without concomitant chemotherapy. Methods: Patients with advanced NSCLC who received frontline ICI were identified using the electronic medical record. PFS and OS were retrospectively evaluated and stratified based on baseline BMI and EPSILoN. Due to lack of routine LDH testing, a modified EPSILoN (mEPSILoN) was used. For statistical analysis, log-rank tests were used to compare PFS and OS between groups, and Kaplan-Meier survival curves were used to report PFS and OS. Results: Thirty-six normal weight (NW) and 25 overweight and obese (OWO) patients were studied. Median PFS (mPFS) for OWO vs NW patients was 8.90 months vs 5.53 months (HR 0.54; 95% CI, 0.30-0.96; p = 0.04). mPFS at 12 months was 45% for OWO patients vs 23% for NW patients. Of the patients with PD-L1 ≥ 50%, 14 patients were NW and 11 patients were OWO. Among patients with PD-L1 ≥ 50%, mPFS for OWO was not reached (NR) vs 6.73 months in NW patients (HR 0.23; 95% CI, 0.09-0.60; p = 0.003), and the percent of patients that were PF at 12 months was 71% vs 15%. Of 56 patients with a calculable mEPSILoN, 29 patients had baseline mEPSILoN 1 and 27 patients had mEPSILoN 2-3. Median OS for patients with mEPSILoN 1 vs 2-3 was NR vs 11.13 months (HR 0.32; 95% CI, 0.14-0.76; p = 0.01) and 78% vs 49% survived at 12 months. Conclusions: OWO and lower mEPSILoN were associated with longer PFS and OS, respectively, in patients with advanced NSCLC who were treated with frontline ICI with or without concomitant chemotherapy, regardless of PD-L1 expression. These findings are consistent with recent studies that have reported these parameters as predictive markers of response in patients with NSCLC. However, this is the first study to our knowledge to evaluate these markers in frontline ICI treatment with or without chemotherapy.[Table: see text]

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