scholarly journals Validity of the patient health questionnaire 9-item in autistic youths: a pilot study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thanita Pilunthanakul ◽  
Tze Jui Goh ◽  
Daniel Shuen Sheng Fung ◽  
Rehena Sultana ◽  
John Carson Allen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Service ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Patient Health Questionnaire ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Health Questionnaire ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Child Psychiatric ◽  
Patient Health

Abstract Background Autistic adolescents have greater predisposition to depression and suicidality than neurotypical adolescents. Early detection is essential for timely treatment. The Patient Health Questionnaire 9-item (PHQ-9) is a brief screen for depression. The study examines the validity of the PHQ-9 for detecting major depressive disorder (MDD) in autistic youths. Methods English speaking youths aged 10–18 years, with DSM-IV/DSM-5/ICD-10 diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), and their parents presenting to a child psychiatric service were invited to participate between May 2018 to August 2020. Participants completed the respective self- and parent-rated PHQ-9 independently. MDD was verified using the MINI-Kid (Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview, Kid version). Results One hundred one youth, mean (SD) age 14.6 (2.3), were enrolled. 27 (27%) met criteria for current MDD. Mean total PHQ-9 scores, percentage ratings for severity of symptoms of depression, functional impairment, dysthymia and suicidality were compared. Areas under the ROC curve and statistically optimal cutoffs were determined. Parents rated depressive symptoms severity lower than their children. The PHQ-9 displayed low sensitivity with high false negative rates at conventional, adjusted and proposed cutoffs. Conclusions Future studies should improve on the validity and reliability of existing depression screening tools, or develop more appropriate screening methods of depression, for autistic youths.

Mindfulness and Acceptance–Based Group Therapy: An Uncontrolled Pragmatic Pre–Post Pilot Study in a Heterogeneous Population of Female Prisoners

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (15-16) ◽  
pp. 2572-2585 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben J. Riley ◽  
David Smith ◽  
Michael F. Baigent
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Binge Eating ◽  
Incarcerated Women ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Patient Health Questionnaire ◽  
Health Questionnaire ◽  
Group Program ◽  
Female Prisoners ◽  
Patient Health

The rate of females imprisoned worldwide has increased by more than 50% during the last two decades, with recent figures suggesting that, worldwide, the female prison population may still be increasing at a faster rate than males. Despite prevalence rates for psychiatric conditions among female prisoners being significantly higher than males, there is a particular lack of programs specifically designed for women. This preliminary study evaluates the initial effectiveness of a mindfulness and acceptance–based group program in an uncontrolled pragmatic pilot study of a heterogeneous group of incarcerated women with a range of mental health issues. Participants were 59 incarcerated women who engaged in a 10-session group program. Outcome measures comprised the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire–II, Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale, Mindfulness Attention Awareness Scale, and three screening tools derived from the full version of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), to measure depression, binge eating (Patient Health Questionnaire–Binge Eating Disorder [PHQ-ED]), and somatoform disorders (PHQ-15). Results of linear mixed modelling showed improvements in mindfulness and acceptance, and reductions in depression, anxiety, and somatoform symptoms. Furthermore, acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) was shown to be an acceptable and feasible intervention for female Indigenous Australian prisoners. A mindfulness and acceptance–based group approach appears to be feasible and acceptable in a prison environment for a female prisoners with a range of mental health symptomatology.

Validity and Reliability of the Arabic Patient Health Questionnaire-9 in Patients with Spinal Cord Injury in Lebanon

2019 ◽  
Vol 125 ◽  
pp. e1016-e1022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marwa Summaka ◽  
Hiba Zein ◽  
Linda Abou Abbas ◽  
Charbel Elias ◽  
Elias Elias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Patient Health Questionnaire ◽  
Health Questionnaire ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Patient Health

Measuring Depressive Symptoms in Heart Failure: Validity and Reliability of the Patient Health Questionnaire-8

2010 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 146-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. J. Pressler ◽  
U. Subramanian ◽  
S. M. Perkins ◽  
I. Gradus-Pizlo ◽  
D. Kareken ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Patient Health Questionnaire ◽  
Health Questionnaire ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Patient Health

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Brazilian version of Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) in Quilombola population using the Item Response Theory

Salud Mental ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-50
Author(s):  
Sabrina Martins Barroso ◽  
Ana Paula Souto Melo ◽  
Mônia Aparecida da Silva ◽  
Mark Drew Crosland Guimarães
Keyword(s):  
Item Response Theory ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Item Response ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Patient Health Questionnaire ◽  
Health Questionnaire ◽  
Response Theory ◽  
Patient Health ◽  
Depressive Episodes

Introduction. The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) is one of the most validated tools used to detect depressive episodes in Brazil. Objective. This study investigates the psychometric properties of the PHQ-9 using the Item Response Theory. Method. We used the gradual response model to assess depression in 764 residents of Brazilian rural communities of descended from slaves (quilombos) from the county of Vitória da Conquista, state of Bahia, Brazil, who had responded to PHQ-9. We estimated the parameters for item discrimination and difficulty. Results. The items of the PHQ-9 showed the ability to discriminate from moderate to very high. The items evaluating thoughts of hurting oneself and death showed the greatest discrimination while feeling depressed showed the lowest discrimination. Discussion and conclusion. The Item Response Theory enables advances in the analysis of the psychometric properties of the screening tools assessing depression, and indicates that PHQ-9 can be used in rural populations in Brazil.

scholarly journals Indicators of depression in elderly and different screening methods

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Gilvani Cordeiro Matias ◽  
Marília de Andrade Fonsêca ◽  
Maria de Lourdes de Freitas Gomes ◽  
Marcos Antonio Almeida Matos
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Patient Health Questionnaire ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Health Questionnaire ◽  
Geriatric Depression ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Patient Health

ABSTRACT Objective To determine the prevalence of depressive symptoms among elderly and correlate the agreement between the screening methods used. Methods A cross-section study of 137 elderly attending the Programa Vivendo a Terceira Idade [Living for the Elderly Program]. Depressive symptoms were screened by the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale, by Yesavage. Cohen´s kappa analyzed the degree of agreement of these scales. Results The prevalence of depressive symptoms screened by the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 was 62.8% and, by the Geriatric Depression Scale, 52.6%. The Spearman correlation between the results of scales obtained rho=0.387, p<0.000. The Kappa reliability coefficient was 0.41 and significance level of p<0.001. The screening methods showed sensitivity of 80% and specificity of 44%. Conclusion Both scales showed moderate agreement and were useful for detecting a relevant prevalence of the target outcome of depression among the elderly.

Correlation of the Standardized Cosmesis and Health Nasal Outcomes Survey With Psychiatric Screening Tools

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (12) ◽  
pp. 1373-1380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily A Spataro ◽  
Cherian K Kandathil ◽  
Mikhail Saltychev ◽  
Cristen E Olds ◽  
Sam P Most
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Generalized Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Patient Health Questionnaire ◽  
Generalized Anxiety ◽  
Health Questionnaire ◽  
Patient Health ◽  
Psychiatric Screening

Abstract Background Identifying mental health disorders, including body dysmorphic disorder (BDD), is important prior to rhinoplasty surgery; however, these disorders are underdiagnosed, and screening tools are underutilized in clinical settings. Objectives The authors sought to evaluate the correlation of a rhinoplasty outcomes tool (Standardized Cosmesis and Health Nasal Outcomes Survey [SCHNOS]) with psychiatric screening tools. Methods Patients presenting for rhinoplasty consultation were prospectively enrolled and administered mental health instruments to assess depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-9), anxiety (Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7), and BDD (BDD Questionnaire-Aesthetic Surgery [BDDQ-AS]) as well as the SCHNOS rhinoplasty outcomes scale. Convergent validity of SCHNOS scores with these mental health instruments was assessed as well as calculation of an optimal SCHNOS-C score to screen for BDD. Results A total 76 patients were enrolled in the study. The average SCHNOS-O score (standard deviation) was 46.1 (34.0) and the average SCHNOS-C score was 61.1 (27.0). Five (7%) patients screened positive for depression, and 24 (32%) patients screened positive for mild, 5 (7%) for moderate, and 4 (5%) for severe anxiety. Twenty-four (32%) patients screened positive for BDD by BDDQ-AS scores. SCHNOS-O and SCHNOS-C did not correlate with Patient Health Questionnaire-9 or Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 scores; SCHNOS-C did correlate with BDDQ-AS. A score of 73 or greater on SCHNOS-C maximized the sensitivity and specificity of also screening positive for BDD with BDDQ-AS. This score correlated with a sensitivity of 62.5%, specificity of 80.8%, and number needed to diagnose of 2.3, meaning for every 2 patients with a score of ≥73 on SCHNOS-C, 1 will have a positive BDDQ-AS score. Conclusions SCHNOS-C correlates with BDDQ-AS and may help screen rhinoplasty patients at higher risk for BDD. Level of Evidence: 2

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