scholarly journals Mental health characteristics and their associations with childhood trauma among subgroups of people living with HIV in China

2022 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongfang Wang ◽  
Qijian Deng ◽  
Brendan Ross ◽  
Min Wang ◽  
Zhening Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Physical Neglect ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Living With Hiv

Abstract Background People living with HIV (PLWH) carry a high risk for mental health problems, which has been extensively reported in the literature. However, an understanding of mental health characteristics in different subgroups of PLWH is still limited. In the present study, we conducted a cross-sectional survey to explore mental health characteristics and their associations with childhood trauma in two major subgroups of PLWH in China. Methods A total of 533 PLWH (213 prisoners in the prison system, and 320 outpatients) were assessed using the 8-item Positive Subscale of the Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences (CAPE-P8), Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale (GAD-7), Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), and Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ). Results From the total sample, 22.0% PLWH frequently experienced psychotic-like experiences (PLEs), 21.8% had clinically significant anxiety syndrome, 34.0% had clinically significant depressive syndrome, and 63.6% experienced at least one type of traumatic exposure during their childhood, with physical neglect being the most common. Compared to outpatients with HIV, prisoners living with HIV reported more severe mental health problems and a higher frequency of childhood trauma, with childhood trauma in turn predicting higher risk for mental health problems. Similarly, among outpatients living with HIV, both childhood emotional and sexual abuse had predictive effects on all the three mental health problems. Conclusions The study suggests that PLWH have higher risk of anxiety, depression and PLEs, and childhood trauma could serve as predicting factors for such risks. In addition, childhood trauma may play distinct roles in predicting the risk for the mental health problems, depending on different subgroup of PLWH.

scholarly journals A repeated cross-sectional survey assessing university students' stress, depression, anxiety, and suicidality in the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic in Poland

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agata Debowska ◽  
Beata Horeczy ◽  
Daniel Boduszek ◽  
Dariusz Dolinski
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
University Students ◽  
Adult Students ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Medical Psychology ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Background The time of widespread outbreaks of infectious diseases can lead to elevated stress and mental health problems among all persons affected, and in particular those sub-groups of the population that are at an increased risk of mental health problems. One such vulnerable group constitutes university students. The aim of this study is to assess stress, depression, anxiety, and suicidality among different groups of university students (medical, psychology, and other). Methods Using a repeated cross-sectional study design, we collected survey data among a large sample of 7228 university students from Poland (mean age = 22.78, s.d. = 4.40; 81% female). Data were collected in five waves, during the first 2 months of the COVID-19 pandemic in Europe (March and April 2020). Results The results demonstrate a significant increase in depression levels as the pandemic was progressing. We also found that female students scored significantly higher than male students on depression, anxiety, and stress. Psychology students recorded the lowest scores on depression and anxiety. Young adult students (aged 18–24 years) had more symptoms of depression, anxiety, and suicidality than adult students (⩾25 years). Conclusions These results provide insights into stress and mental health among university students during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic. Findings can be used for a more effective identification of students who may struggle during next stages of the pandemic and future crises.

scholarly journals Mental health problems in people living with HIV: changes in the last two decades: the London experience 1990–2014

AIDS Care ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (sup1) ◽  
pp. 56-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Adams ◽  
Shilpa Zacharia ◽  
Lisa Masters ◽  
Caroline Coffey ◽  
Pepe Catalan
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Living With Hiv

scholarly journals An Assessment of Magnitudes and Patterns of Socioeconomic Inequalities across Various Health Problems: A Large National Cross-Sectional Survey in Korea

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 2868 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji-Yeon Shin ◽  
Jiseun Lim ◽  
Myung Ki ◽  
Yeong-Jun Song ◽  
Heeran Chun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Inequalities ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Subjective Health ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Socioeconomic Inequalities ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional

Magnitudes of health inequalities present consequences of socioeconomic impact on each health problem. To provide knowledge on the size of health problems in terms of socioeconomic burden, we examined the magnitudes and patterns of health inequalities across 12 health problems. A total of 17,292 participants older than 30 years were drawn from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES, 2010–2012). The age-adjusted prevalence ratios were compared across socioeconomic positions (SEPs) based on income, education, and occupation. The magnitudes of socioeconomic inequalities varied across 12 health problems and, in general, the patterns of socioeconomic inequalities were similar among groups of health problems (i.e., non-communicable diseases (NCDs), mental health, and subjective health states). Significant health inequalities across NCDs, such as diabetes, hypertension, ischemic heart disease, and arthritis, were observed mainly in women. Socioeconomic inequalities in mental health problems, such as depression, suicidal ideation, and suicide attempts, were profound for both genders and across SEP measures. Significant socioeconomic inequalities were also observed for subjective health. No or weak associations were observed for injury and HBV infection. The patterns of socioeconomic inequalities were similar among groups of health problems. Mental illnesses appeared to require prioritization of socioeconomic approaches for improvement in terms of absolute prevalence and relative socioeconomic distribution.

scholarly journals Coping with stigma and discrimination: evidence from mental health service users in England

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 577-588 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Isaksson ◽  
E. Corker ◽  
J. Cotney ◽  
S. Hamilton ◽  
V. Pinfold ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Service ◽  
Health Service ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Mental Health Stigma ◽  
Service Users ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Stigma And Discrimination

Aims.Mental health stigma and discrimination are significant problems. Common coping orientations include: concealing mental health problems, challenging others and educating others. We describe the use of common stigma coping orientations and explain variations within a sample of English mental health service users.Methods.Cross-sectional survey data were collected as part of the Viewpoint survey of mental health service users’ experiences of discrimination (n = 3005). Linear regression analyses were carried out to identify factors associated with the three stigma coping orientations.Results.The most common coping orientation was to conceal mental health problems (73%), which was strongly associated with anticipated discrimination. Only 51% ever challenged others because of discriminating behaviour, this being related to experienced discrimination, but also to higher confidence to tackle stigma.Conclusions.Although stigma coping orientations vary by context, individuals often choose to conceal problems, which is associated with greater anticipated and experienced discrimination and less confidence to challenge stigma. The direction of this association requires further investigation.

scholarly journals Characteristics and rates of mental health problems among Indian and White adolescents in two English cities

2013 ◽  
Vol 203 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nisha Dogra ◽  
Nadzeya Svirydzenka ◽  
Pat Dugard ◽  
Swaran P. Singh ◽  
Panos Vostanis
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Statistical Power ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
White Adolescents ◽  
Prevalence Rates ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Indian Children ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Indian Adolescents

BackgroundSampling techniques for national surveys have constrained the statistical power in estimating prevalence rates of child mental health problems in minority ethnic groups.AimsTo establish the prevalence rates of mental health problems in ethnic Indian adolescents in England and compare these with matched White adolescents living in the same areas.MethodA cross-sectional survey with oversampling of Indian adolescents aged 13–15 years of age.ResultsThe sample size was 2900 (71% response rate) with 1087 (37%) Indian and 414 (14%) White adolescents. Ethnically Indian adolescents had lower rates of all types of mentalhealth problems (5% v. 13% and 21% v. 30% for abnormal Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire and Short Mood and Feelings Questionnaire scores, respectively) and substance misuse (18% v. 57%, 5% v. 15% and 6% v. 9% for regular alcohol, smoking and drug use, respectively), with the exception of eating disorders, compared with their White counterparts. The odds of an abnormal score on the mental health questionnaires were worse for White compared with Indian children irrespective of sociodemographic variables.ConclusionsFactors relating to how Indian adolescents are parented or their social support networks may be influencing their mental health and may warrant further investigation.

scholarly journals Association between social capital and mental health among older people living with HIV: The Sichuan Older HIV-Infected Cohort Study (SOHICS)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiayu Han ◽  
Peng Jia ◽  
Yuling Huang ◽  
Bo Gao ◽  
Bin Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Capital ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Older People ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Probable Depression

Abstract Background: Mental health problems are common among older people living with HIV and associated with poorer health outcomes. Social capital is an important determinant of mental health problems but under-studied in this population. This study investigated the association between social capital and mental health problems among older people living with HIV in China. Methods: The study was based on the baseline data of a cohort study investigating mental health among older people living with HIV in Sichuan, China during November 2018 to February 2019. Participants were people living with HIV aged ≥50 years living in Sichuan province. Stratified multi-stage cluster sampling was used to recruit participants from 30 communities/towns; 529 out of 556 participants being approached completed the face-to-face interview. Social capital was measured by two validated health-related social capital scales: the Individual and Family scale and the Community and Society scale. Presence of probable depression (CES-D-10 score ≥10) and probable anxiety (GAD-7 score ≥5) were used as dependent variables. Two-level logistic regression models were applied to examine the association between social capital and probable depression/anxiety. Results: The prevalence of probable depression and probable anxiety was 25.9% (137/529) and 36.3% (192/529) , respectively. After adjusting for significant covariates, the individual/family level of social capital was inversely associated with both probable depression (odds ratios (OR): 0.89, 95%CI: 0.84-0.93, p <0.001) and probable anxiety (OR: 0.90, 95%CI: 0.86-0.95, p <0.001). The community/society level social capital was associated with probable depression (OR: 0.91, 95%CI: 0.84-0.99, p <0.001) but not probable anxiety ( p >0.05). Conclusions: Interventions building up social capital should be considered to improve mental health of older people living with HIV. Some useful strategies include cognitive processing therapy, improving community networking and engagement, and promoting social bonding with neighborhood.

scholarly journals Study on the correlation between mental health and socio-demographics of patients in five designated treatment hospitals in China during the COVID-19 outbreak :  a cross-sectional survey

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhonghuan Liang ◽  
Xiuli Ou ◽  
Jieming Li ◽  
Gang He ◽  
Qingdong Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Psychological Intervention ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Occurrence Rate ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Peak Period ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Purpose The global epidemic of 2019 Novel Coronavirus Diseases (COVID-19) has caused many psychological problems. At present, there are few studies on the mental health status and correlation of COVID-19 patients. Methods During the peak period of COVID-19 outbreak in China, COVID-19 patients from 5 designated hospitals with new coronary pneumonia were selected by convenient sampling method. Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90) were investigated by either a convenient online questionnaire at: WJX.cn as a data collecting platform or an equivalent paper questionnaire. Results It showed that the positive detection rate of SCL-90 in the COVID-19 patients was 29.83%. The most common mental health problem was anxiety (28.3%), and the top three prominent mental health problems are depression (9.4%), interpersonal sensitivity (9.4%), paranoia ideation (7.7%). Compared with the Chinese adult norm, there were significant differences in the SCL-90 total score and somatization, depression, anxiety, and phobic anxiety dimension (P < 0.05). The main influencing factors of mental health of COVID-19 patients are the number of confirmed cases nationwide, sex, marital status and psychological intervention. Conclusion The mental state of some groups is relatively low, which leads to depression and anxiety more easily. In particular, the most vulnerable group was found to be unmarried women who have a high occurrence rate of mental health problems. We need to pay particular attention to high risk groups, and support patients with increased susceptibility, which will require timely assessment by mental health care professionals.

Implications of the global mental health and the HIV syndemic on HIV prevention and care

2018 ◽  
pp. 337-344
Author(s):  
Joseph T. F. Lau ◽  
Jinghua Li ◽  
Rui She ◽  
Yoo Na Kim
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Hiv Prevention ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Global Mental Health ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Health Improvement ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Risk Behaviours ◽  
Mental Health Interventions ◽  
Living With Hiv

HIV is known as a ‘social disease’, as its transmission is attributable to risk behaviours which are influenced by cultural and psychosocial environments. It is important to consider the HIV syndemic, defined here as the co-occurrence of HIV and other illness/health conditions (e.g. mental health problems, substance use). Mental health problems are prevalent both among key populations for HIV prevention and people living with HIV (PLWH), and can influence HIV-related risk behaviours, interact synergistically, and compromise the effectiveness of HIV prevention, treatment, and care. Structural, interpersonal, and individual factors associated with mental health problems among PLWH, and the impact of such problems on HIV prevention, are discussed. Promising approaches, such as positive psychology interventions, are explored. Finally, gaps in current mental health interventions, services, and personnel are highlighted, to suggest areas for improvement. Mental health improvement in affected populations is a prerequisite of controlling the global HIV epidemic.

scholarly journals Psychological impact of COVID-19 in the Swedish population: Depression, anxiety, and insomnia and their associations to risk and vulnerability factors

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lance M. McCracken ◽  
Farzaneh Badinlou ◽  
Monica Buhrman ◽  
Karin C. Brocki
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Poor Mental Health ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Vulnerability Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Swedish Population ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health And Wellbeing

Abstract Background: The 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, with its associated restrictions on daily life, is like a perfect storm for poor mental health and wellbeing. The purpose of this study was therefore to examine the impacts of COVID-19 on mental health and wellbeing during the ongoing pandemic in Sweden. Method: Standardized measures of depression, anxiety, and insomnia as well as measures of risk and vulnerability factors known to be associated with poor mental health outcomes were administered through a national, online, cross-sectional survey (n = 1,212; mean age 36.1 years; 73% women). Result: Our findings show significant levels of depression, anxiety, and insomnia in Sweden, at rates of 30%, 24.2%, and 38%, respectively. The strongest predictors of these outcomes included poor self-rated overall health and a history of mental health problems. The presence of COVID-19 symptoms and specific health and financial worries related to the pandemic also appeared important. Conclusions: The impacts of COVID-19 on mental health in Sweden are comparable to impacts shown in previous studies in Italy and China. Importantly, the pandemic seems to impose most on the mental health of those already burdened with the impacts of mental health problems. These results provide a basis for providing more support for vulnerable groups, and for developing psychological interventions suited to the ongoing pandemic and for similar events in the future.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document