The association between balance and free-living physical activity in an older community-dwelling adult population: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Objective. A systematic review with a meta-analysis explored effects of cognitively loaded physical activity interventions on global cognition in community-dwelling older adults (≥65 years of age) experiencing mild cognitive impairment (MCI), compared to any control. Methods. A literature search was conducted in 4 databases (MEDLINE [OvidSP], PubMed, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials [Wiley]) from inception until January 30, 2018. The meta-analysis was conducted with Review Manager 5.3. Results. Six randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with 547 participants were identified. The interventions ranged from 4 to 52 weeks. Baseline and initial follow-up assessments were used. The primary pooled analysis of all RCTs demonstrated a nonsignificant trivial effect (standardized mean difference [SMD] 0.07, 95% confidence interval [CI] −0.44 to 0.58) favoring the intervention. In pooled subanalysis of 4 RCTs (n = 405) using the same global cognition measure (Mini-Mental State Examination) and duration of intervention >12 weeks, the intervention group achieved a small but significant improvement for global cognition (SMD 0.45, 95% CI 0.14 to 0.75). Conclusion. When all the RCTs were pooled, the effect of cognitively loaded physical activity intervention on global cognitive function in older adults with MCI remained unclear. The subgroup analysis provides translation evidence for future RCT study designs.

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Physical activity and the risk of frailty among community-dwelling healthy older adults: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis: Erratum

Medicine ◽

10.1097/md.0000000000017442 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 98 (39) ◽

pp. e17442

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Older Adults ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Healthy Older Adults

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Physical Activity Intervention Effects on Physical Function Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Journal of Aging and Physical Activity ◽

10.1123/japa.2016-0040 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 25 (1) ◽

pp. 149-170 ◽

Cited By ~ 32

Author(s):

Jo-Ana D. Chase ◽

Lorraine J. Phillips ◽

Marybeth Brown

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Older Adults ◽

Physical Function ◽

Physical Activity Intervention ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Intervention Effects ◽

Community Dwelling Older Adults

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Physical Activity after Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

ISRN Stroke ◽

10.1155/2013/464176 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-13 ◽

Cited By ~ 49

Author(s):

Matthew J. Field ◽

Nick Gebruers ◽

Thavapriya Shanmuga Sundaram ◽

Sarah Nicholson ◽

Gillian Mead

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Random Effect ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Whole Body ◽

Stroke Survivors ◽

Significant Heterogeneity ◽

Walking Ability ◽

High Functioning

Background and Purpose. Physical activity is beneficial after stroke, but it is unclear how active stroke survivors are. This systematic review and meta-analysis sought to determine levels of activity and factors predicting activity. Summary of Review: Methods. MEDLINE (1946 to present) and EMBASE (1980 to present) were systematically searched until July 2012. All studies quantifying whole-body-free living physical activity by objective and self-reported methods in a community dwelling population with stroke were included. A random effect meta-analysis was performed. Results. Twenty-six studies were included (n=1105), of which eleven (n=315) contained sufficient data for meta-analysis. There were heterogeneous designs, measurements, and procedures. The studies generally recruited small samples of high-functioning participants. Level of physical activity was generally low in quantity, duration and intensity. Poorer walking ability, specific sensorimotor functions, and low mood were correlates of low physical activity. Meta-analysis generated an estimate of 4355.2 steps/day (95% CI: 3210.4 to 5499.9) with no significant heterogeneity (I2 = 0). Conclusions. In high-functioning stroke survivors, physical activity including walking was generally low. Strategies are needed to promote and maintain physical activity in stroke survivors. Research is needed to establish reasons for low physical activity after stroke.

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A Systematic Review on the Prevalence of Physical Activity, and Barriers and Facilitators to Physical Activity, in Informal Carers in the United Kingdom

Journal of Physical Activity and Health ◽

10.1123/jpah.2020-0526 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (2) ◽

pp. 212-218

Author(s):

Joanna Horne ◽

Nichola Kentzer ◽

Lee Smith ◽

Mike Trott ◽

Jitka Vseteckova

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Systematic Review ◽

United Kingdom ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Adult Population ◽

Grey Literature ◽

Barriers And Facilitators ◽

The United Kingdom ◽

Informal Carers ◽

The Uk

Background: It is estimated that 17% of the UK adult population are informal carers, usually for a family member, with a majority reporting that they are not able to engage in physical activity as much as they would like. The aim of this review is to provide a greater understanding of the prevalence of, and barriers and facilitators to, physical activity of informal carers in the United Kingdom. Methods: A systematic review of relevant databases and grey literature was undertaken, following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidance, from its inception until July 17, 2020. Results: Barriers to physical activity include increasing aging, not wanting to leave the caree alone, the caree being unable to take part in activities, health conditions, fatigue, lack of time, and difficulties in changing the routine for the caree. Facilitators include an appreciation of the benefits of engaging in exercise, previous participation in activities, group activities with similar people, and having some free time. Conclusions: Due to the paucity of research into the prevalence of, and barriers and facilitators to, physical activity in informal carers in the United Kingdom, this systematic review highlights the need for further research, focusing primarily on the physical activity of informal carers caring for individuals with a range of conditions. A further systematic review exploring these issues internationally is warranted.

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Volunteer Impact on Health-Related Outcomes for Seniors: a Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis

Canadian Geriatrics Journal ◽

10.5770/cgj.24.434 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

pp. 44-72

Author(s):

Ainsley Moore ◽

Shahrzad Motaghi ◽

Behnam Sadeghirad ◽

Housne Begum ◽

John J. Riva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Physical Function ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Physical Component Score ◽

Trial Participant ◽

Activity Levels ◽

Physical Activity Levels ◽

Health Related

Background Volunteers are increasingly promoted to improve health-related outcomes for community-dwelling elderly without synthesized evidence for effectiveness. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluates the effects of unpaid volunteer interventions on health-related outcomes for such seniors. Methods MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane (CENTRAL) were searched up to November 2018. We included English language, randomized trials. Two reviewers independently identified studies, extracted data, and assessed evidence certainty (using GRADE). Meta-analysis used random-effects models. Univariate meta-regressions investigated the relationship between volunteer intervention effects and trial participant age, percentage females, and risk of bias. Results 28 included studies focussed on seniors with a variety of chronic conditions (e.g., dementia, diabetes) and health states (e.g., frail, palliative). Volunteers provided a range of roles (e.g., counsellors, educators and coaches). Low certainty evidence found that volunteers may improve both physical function (MD = 3.2 points on the 100-point SF-36 physical component score [PCS]; 95% CI: 1.09, 5.27) and physical activity levels (SMD = 0.5, 95% CI: 0.14 to 0.83). Adverse events were not increased. Conclusion Volunteers may increase physical activity levels and subjective ratings of physical function for seniors without apparent harm. These findings support the WHO call to action on evidence-based policies to align health systems in support of older adults.

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