Prevalence of non-communicable diseases and its risk factors among Ijegun-Isheri Osun residents in Lagos State, Nigeria: a community based cross-sectional study

Background: The proportion of elderly increases worldwide. India entered into the list of “greying nation”. The process of biological ageing brings with it various illnesses. This study was conducted with the objective of determining the morbidity profile of elderly people residing in a rural area.Methods: A community based cross-sectional study was conducted among elderly aged 60 years and above residing in rural area of Puducherry. Simple random sampling was used to select two sub-centre areas among four, under the field practice area and all the eligible elderly individuals were included. House to house visit was made and after obtaining informed consent, the data were collected using a pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire and examination.Results: A total of 954 individuals were included in the study of which 66.4% and 33.6% of them were females and males respectively (Mean: 68 ± 6.8 years). Acute and chronic illnesses were present among 4% and 47.7% of elderly individuals respectively. Hypertension (42.5%) was observed to be the predominant chronic illness followed by Diabetes (29.6%), Osteoarthritis (8.1%) and Asthma (7.9%), Visual problems (4.3%), Coronary artery disease (2.9%), Cerebrovascular accident (1.2%) and hearing problems (0.9%).Conclusions: Chronic illnesses were more common among elderly than acute illnesses. Hence it is recommended to screen elderly individuals utilizing the platform of community based assessment for non-communicable diseases. The study also recommends implementing stringent tobacco control measures so as to curtail the silent epidemic of non-communicable diseases.

Download Full-text

Prevalence of modifiable risk factors for non-communicable diseases in urban slum: a cross sectional study using WHO STEPS approach

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20191385 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (4) ◽

pp. 1565

Author(s):

Swati Jain ◽

Vikas Jain ◽

Swapnil Jain ◽

Shweta Jain

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Smoking Habit ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Communicable Diseases ◽

Modifiable Risk Factors ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Training Centre ◽

Non Communicable Diseases ◽

Who Steps

Background: Non communicable diseases (NCDs) represent a cluster of major chronic diseases. Smoking habit, alcoholism, low quality diet intakes, physical inactivity are some of the established risk factors of the NCDs. In developing country like India the problem of lifestyle and its consequent diseases needs to be addressed vigorously by all public health care personnel. Objective of the study was to assess prevalence of modifiable risk factors using the WHO STEPS approach in urban slum.Methods: A community based cross-sectional study was carried out in the field practice area of urban health training centre of the department of community medicine of PCMS and RC, Bhopal using questionnaire.Results: Highest prevalence of modifiable risk factor was inadequate diet (85.2%), followed by smokeless tobacco consumption (59.1%) and low physical activity (46.1%). Tobacco smoking (31.9%) and alcohol (22.6%) were next, followed by high blood pressure (20.1%). Prevalence of least risk factors was overweight (13.9%).Conclusions: It can be concluded from our study that the burden of risk factors for NCDs is quite high. Its prevalence even in the younger age groups is a pointer to the fact that the burden of NCDs is going to rise in near future.

Download Full-text

Prevalence of Risk Factors of Common non-communicable diseases: A community based study in young adult women in Delhi

Indian Journal of Community Health ◽

10.47203/ijch.2020.v32i03.014 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 32 (3) ◽

pp. 548-553

Author(s):

Ankita Singh ◽

Tapas Kumar Ray ◽

Balraj Dhiman

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Young Adult ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Communicable Diseases ◽

New Delhi ◽

Adult Women ◽

Young Adult Women ◽

Community Based ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Non Communicable Diseases

Introduction: In India, due to high rates of urbanization and economic improvement, there is a shift in disease spectrum from communicable to non-communicable diseases. Non-communicable disease contributes to around 5.87 million (60%) of all deaths in India. The level of exposure and vulnerability to non-communicable diseases is more in women than men. The present study was done in a community setting to identify the prevalence and distribution of risk factors for common non-communicable diseases among young adult women. Aim & Objective: To study prevalence of risk factors of common non-communicable diseases in young adult women. Settings and Design: A community-based cross-sectional study conducted in Palam Village of New Delhi. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study conducted in Palam Village of New Delhi. A total of 585 study subjects were interviewed using a self-designed, semi-structured, pre-designed questionnaire. Waist circumference, blood pressure and weight was measured using non-stretchable measuring tape, digital blood pressure apparatus and digital weighing scale respectively. Results: Half of the study subjects were moderately active. Most of the participants have unhealthy dietary habits. Around 2/3rd of the study subjects were taking inadequate servings of fruits and vegetables, and almost half of them were consuming salt more than the recommended levels. Conclusion: High-risk factors of common non-communicable diseases among young adult women are seen in Palam Village, New Delhi. To prevent further increase in burden of noncommunicable diseases and to lower their serious consequences, prevention and control interventions must be implemented at individual, population and program level.

Download Full-text

Assessment of Common Risk Factors Between Oral Diseases and Non-communicable Diseases in a Hospital-based Population in Kerala, IndiaA Cross-sectional Study

JOURNAL FOR CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH ◽

10.7860/jcdr/2019/38182.12712 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Chandrashekar Janakiram ◽

Farheen Taha ◽

Joe Joseph ◽

Venkitachalam Ramanarayanan

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Communicable Diseases ◽

Oral Diseases ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Non Communicable Diseases ◽

Common Risk Factors

Download Full-text

The Burden of Overweight and its Risk Factors in Urban Nepalese School Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study

Journal of Quality in Health Care & Economics ◽

10.23880/jqhe-16000230 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Kamal Chaulagain

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Logistic Regression ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Communicable Diseases ◽

Family Type ◽

P Value ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Non Communicable Diseases ◽

Multivariable Logistic Regression

Introduction: Adolescent’s overweight is rising in both developing and developed countries. Overweight and obese adolescents are more likely to become obese adults which stimulate the risk of non-communicable diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and so on. Adolescence is the critical period for development of unhealthy lifestyles and food choices which increases the risk of NCDs. The loss of productivity, premature deaths and disability has been associated with NCDs at younger ages. This study focuses on identifying the prevalence and associated risk factors with adolescents’ overweight. Methods: A school based cross-sectional study was conducted between August-October 2020 in Gokarneshwor municipality of Nepal. A random sample of 558 students aged 10-19 years from nine schools was included in the study. A self-administered questionnaire was filled out by the study participants. Anthropometric indices were measured and categorized using BMI for age Z-score. Descriptive statistics were carried out. Variables were considered for multivariable logistic regression if a Wald test p-value was ≤0.25 during bivariate logistic regression. The odds ratio with a 95% CI was calculated and a p-value of ≤0.05 was considered to declare the statistical significance of variables after fitting into the multivariable logistic regression. Results: The prevalence of overweight among school adolescents was 17.9% (95% CI 14.7 to 21.1). The female adolescents were more likely to get overweight as compared to male adolescents (AOR 1.53, 95% CI 0.97 to 2.39). Similarly, the adolescents staying with more than four family members were less likely to get overweight as compared to their counterparts (AOR 0.57, 95% CI 0.35 to 0.95). There was no statistical significant association between adolescent overweight and age group, family type, school type, mothers’ occupation or fruits consumption. Conclusion: The study findings highlighted the accelerated increase in the prevalence of overweight among school adolescents in Nepal. Therefore, appropriate nutritional intervention focusing on tackling overweight should be formulated and implemented so that the prevalence of overweight-associated non-communicable diseases can be minimized.

Download Full-text