scholarly journals Socioeconomic inequality in intermittent preventive treatment using Sulphadoxine pyrimethamine among pregnant women in Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatima Mahmud Muhammad ◽  
Reza Majdzadeh ◽  
Saharnaz Nedjat ◽  
Haniye Sadat Sajadi ◽  
Mahboubeh Parsaeian
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Concentration Index ◽  
Socioeconomic Inequality ◽  
Intermittent Preventive Treatment ◽  
Wealth Index ◽  
Preventive Treatment ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
P Value ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Sulphadoxine Pyrimethamine

Abstract Background Intermittent preventive treatment using Sulphadoxine pyrimethamine (IPTp-SP) for malaria prevention is recommended for all pregnant women in malaria endemic areas. However, there is limited evidence on the level of socioeconomic inequality in IPTp-SP use among pregnant women in Nigeria. Thus, this study aimed to determine the level of socioeconomic inequality in IPTp-SP use among pregnant women in Nigeria and to decompose it into its contributing factors. Methods A secondary data analysis of Nigerian demographic and health survey of 2018 was conducted. A sample of 21,621 pregnant women aged between 15 and 49 years and had live birth in the previous 2 years before the survey were included in this analysis. The study participants were recruited based on a stratified two-stage cluster sampling method. Socioeconomic inequality was decomposed into its contributing factors by concentration index. Result Totally 63.6% of pregnant women took at least one dose of IPTp-SP prophylaxis. Among IPTp-SP users, 35.1% took one dose, 38.6% took two doses and 26.2% took three doses and more. Based on both concentration index of 0.180 (p-value = < 0.001, 95% CI: 0.176 to 0.183) and Erreyger’s normalization concentration index 0.280 (p-value = < 0.001, 95% CI: 0.251 to 0.309), the IPTp-SP utilization was pro-rich. The largest contributors to the inequality in IPTp-SP uptake were wealth index (47.81%) and educational status (28.66%). Conclusion Our findings showed that IPTp-SP use was pro-rich in Nigeria. Wealth index and educational status were the factors that significantly contributed to the inequality. The disparities could be reduced through free IPTp service expansion by targeting pregnant women from low socioeconomic status.

scholarly journals Socioeconomic inequality in intermittent preventive treatment using Sulphadoxine pyrimethamine among pregnant women in Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatima Muhammad Mahmud ◽  
Reza Majdzadeh ◽  
Saharnaz Nedjat ◽  
Haniye Sadat Sajadi ◽  
Mahboubeh Parsaeian
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Concentration Index ◽  
Socioeconomic Inequality ◽  
Intermittent Preventive Treatment ◽  
Wealth Index ◽  
Preventive Treatment ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
P Value ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Sulphadoxine Pyrimethamine

Abstract Background: Sulphadoxine pyrimethamine using intermittent preventive treatment (IPTp-SP) for malaria prevention is recommended for all pregnant women at malaria endemic areas. However, there is limited evidence on the level of socioeconomic inequality in IPTp-SP use to prevent malaria in pregnant women in Nigeria. Thus, this study aimed to determine the level of socioeconomic inequality in IPTp-SP use among pregnant women and to decompose it into its contributing factors. Methods: A secondary data analysis of Nigerian demographic and health survey of 2018 was conducted. A sample of 21,621 pregnant women aged between 15-49 years and had live birth in the previous 2 years before the survey were included to this analysis. Participants were recruited based on two-stage cluster sampling method. Socioeconomic inequality was decomposed into its contributing factors by concentration index. Result: Totally 63.6% of pregnant women took at least one dose of IPTp. Among IPTp users, 35.1% took one dose, 38.6% took two doses and 26.2% took three doses and more. Based on concentration index of 0.180 (p-value= <0.001, 95% CI: 0.176 to 0.183) and the Erreyger’s normalization concentration index 0.280 (p-value=<0.001, 95% CI: 0.251 to 0.309 IPTp utilization was pro-rich. The largest contributors to the inequality in IPTp uptake were wealth index (47.81%) and educational status (28.66%). Conclusion: Our findings showed that IPTp use was pro-rich in Nigeria. Wealth index and educational status were the factors that significantly contributed to the inequality. The disparities could be reduced through IPTp free service expansion by targeting pregnant women from low socioeconomic status.

scholarly journals Socioeconomic inequality in intermittent preventive treatment using Sulphadoxine pyrimethamine among pregnant women in Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatima Muhammad Mahmud ◽  
Reza Majdzadeh ◽  
Saharnaz Nedjat ◽  
Haniye Sadat Sajadi ◽  
Mahboubeh Parsaeian
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Concentration Index ◽  
Socioeconomic Inequality ◽  
Intermittent Preventive Treatment ◽  
Wealth Index ◽  
Preventive Treatment ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
P Value ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Sulphadoxine Pyrimethamine

Abstract Background: Sulphadoxine pyrimethamine using intermittent preventive treatment (IPTp-SP) for malaria prevention is recommended for all pregnant women at malaria endemic areas. However, there is limited evidence on the level of socioeconomic inequality in IPTp-SP use to prevent malaria in pregnant women in Nigeria. Thus, this study aimed to determine the level of socioeconomic inequality in IPTp-SP use among pregnant women and to decompose it into its contributing factors.Methods: A secondary data analysis of Nigerian demographic and health survey of 2018 was conducted. A sample of 21,621 pregnant women aged between 15-49 years and had live birth in the previous 2 years before the survey were included to this analysis. Participants were recruited based on a stratified two-stage cluster sampling method. Socioeconomic inequality was decomposed into its contributing factors by concentration index.Result: Totally 63.6% of pregnant women took at least one dose of IPTp. Among IPTp users, 35.1% took one dose, 38.6% took two doses and 26.2% took three doses and more. Based on concentration index of 0.180 (p-value= <0.001, 95% CI: 0.176 to 0.183) and the Erreyger’s normalization concentration index 0.280 (p-value=<0.001, 95% CI: 0.251 to 0.309) IPTp utilization was pro-rich. The largest contributors to the inequality in IPTp uptake were wealth index (47.81%) and educational status (28.66%).Conclusion: Our findings showed that IPTp use was pro-rich in Nigeria. Wealth index and educational status were the factors that significantly contributed to the inequality. The disparities could be reduced through free IPTp service expansion by targeting pregnant women from low socioeconomic status.

scholarly journals Socioeconomic inequality in intermittent preventive treatment using Sulphadoxine pyrimethamine among pregnant women in Nigeria: A Decomposition analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatima Muhammad Mahmud ◽  
Reza Majdzadeh ◽  
Saharnaz Nedjat ◽  
Haniye Sadat Sajadi ◽  
Mahboubeh Parsaeian
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Concentration Index ◽  
Socioeconomic Inequality ◽  
Intermittent Preventive Treatment ◽  
Wealth Index ◽  
Preventive Treatment ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
P Value ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Sulphadoxine Pyrimethamine

Abstract Background: Sulphadoxine pyrimethamine using intermittent preventive treatment (IPTp-SP) for malaria prevention is recommended for all pregnant women at malaria endemic areas. However, there is limited evidence on the level of socioeconomic inequality in IPTp-SP use to prevent malaria in pregnant women in Nigeria. Thus, this study aimed to determine the level of socioeconomic inequality in IPTp-SP use among pregnant women and to decompose it into its contributing factors.Methods: A secondary data analysis of Nigerian demographic and health survey of 2018 was conducted. A sample of 2,162 pregnant women aged between 15-49 years and had live birth in the past 2 years before the survey were included to this analysis. Participants were recruited based on two-stage cluster sampling method. Socioeconomic inequality was decomposed into its contributing factors by concentration index.Result: The pregnant women who took at least one or more IPTp was 63.4%, while those who took two or more doses were 40.0 % and those who took three or more doses were 17%. Based on concentration index of 0.180 (p-value= <0.001, 95% CI: 0.176 to 0.183) and the Erreyger’s normalization concentration index 0.280 (p-value=<0.001, 95% CI: 0.251 to 0.309 IPTp utilization was pro-rich. The largest contributors to the inequality in IPTp uptake were wealth index (47.81%) and educational status (28.66%).Conclusion: Our findings showed that IPTp use was pro-rich in Nigeria. Wealth index and educational status were the factors that significantly contributed to the inequality. The disparities could be reduced through IPTp service expansion by targeting pregnant women from low socioeconomic status.

scholarly journals Malaria intermittent preventive treatment in Nigeria: a qualitative study to explore barriers

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatima Mahmud Muhammad ◽  
Saharnaz Nedjat ◽  
Haniye Sadat Sajadi ◽  
Mahboubeh Parsaeian ◽  
Abraham Assan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Intermittent Preventive Treatment ◽  
Sampling Strategy ◽  
Preventive Treatment ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Content Analysis Method ◽  
Conventional Content Analysis ◽  
Sulphadoxine Pyrimethamine ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Background While the use of sulphadoxine pyrimethamine (SP) is effective in preventing malaria infection during pregnancy, there are challenges limiting its uptake in Nigeria. This study aimed at exploring the barriers to IPTp usage among pregnant women in Kano state - Nigeria. Methods This is a qualitative study. The purposive sampling strategy was used for identification and selection of 14 key informants for interviews. In addition, six focus group discussions (FGDs) were conducted with pregnant women (3 FGDs) and married men (3 FGDs). The conventional content analysis method was used to interpret meaning from the content of the data. MAXQDA 10 software was used for data management and analysis. Results Poor policy implementation, poor antenatal care attendance, inadequate access to intermittent preventive treatment at the community levels, lack of sustainable funding, and poor community engagement emerged as major barriers to IPTp use in Nigeria. Conclusion While the political will to allocate sufficient financial resources could help improve service delivery and IPTp usage among pregnant women, community participation is critical to sustain the gains.

scholarly journals Malaria Preventive Practices among Pregnant Women in Akwa Ibom State, Southern Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
T. Kasso ◽  
I. L. Oboro ◽  
O. Maduka ◽  
A. T. O. Awopeju ◽  
N. I. Paul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Intermittent Preventive Treatment ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Preventive Treatment ◽  
Health Facilities ◽  
Bed Nets ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Preventive Practices

Background: Malaria is a serious public health problem in developing countries with Africa bearing most of its burden. Pregnant women are more susceptible to malaria and it is one of the leading causes of maternal and perinatal mortality/morbidity. Use of effective malaria preventive measures during pregnancy reduces its burden and complications. Aim: This was to determine malaria preventive practices used by pregnant women in Akwa Ibom state, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: It was a cross sectional study of pregnant women attending public and private health facilities in Akwa Ibom state. An informed written consent was obtained from the participants. Stratified sampling method was used in selecting the health facilities and the study participants. Information was obtained with pretested questionnaires by trained personnel with the aid of Open Data Kit (ODK) on android phones. Data was managed with SPSS 22.0 and P-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: There were 935 participants in the study. Their mean age was 28.52 ± 5.09 years with 879 (94.0%) being married. Most had secondary and tertiary degrees: 451(48.2%) and 440(47.1%). Majority of them were traders/business women and self-employed (58.2%) while 7% were unemployed. Malaria preventive practices were use of window net, bed net and insecticides accounting for 659(71%), 447(48.2%) and 207(22.3%) respectively. There were 612 (65.5%) participants that received malaria drugs for prevention with 452(73.9%) receiving Intermittent Preventive Treatment in Pregnancy (IPTp) with Sulfadoxine-Pyrimethamine (SP). Only 296 (31.7%) of them slept under bed nets the night before the interview. Conclusion: Common preventive practices employed by pregnant women were IPTp with SP, window nets, ITNs and modified IRS. Majority of the women utilized widow nets, though not as effective as ITNs. Efforts should be intensified concerning awareness creation about the benefits of ITN use during pregnancy.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Anaemia among Pregnant Women in the First Antenatal Care (ANC) Clinic Visit in St. Mary's Hospital Okpoga, Okpokwu Local Government Area, Benue State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 30-37
Author(s):  
P. N. Atser ◽  
E. B. Iorliam ◽  
M. Ochogwu ◽  
J. Ondoma ◽  
S. Wuam
Keyword(s):  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Medical Condition ◽  
Intermittent Preventive Treatment ◽  
Preventive Treatment ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Antenatal Clinic ◽  
Clinic Visit ◽  
Pregnant Mothers

Aims: The study was carried out to determine the prevalence of anaemia among pregnant women attending St. Mary's Hospital Okpoga, Benue State, Nigeria, with respect to demographic factors, socio-economic and underlying medical determinants among pregnant women. Methodology: A retrospective study design was used for the study. The study of 858 pregnant women who booked for antenatal care (ANC) between March 2019 to March 2020 was done. Their records were retrieved from the Records Department and the ANC unit using a standard proforma. Results: The findings revealed that prevalence of anaemia among pregnant women at booking was (55.2%). The highest prevalence of anaemia by age range 15-20 years was (62.2%), by educational status, highest prevalence was among those with no formal education (84.3%), by occupation highest prevalence was among house wives (59.9%). By underlying medical condition – severe form of parasitaemia (78.5%), by degree of severity, mild form of anaemia 74.1%, was most prevalent. By parity, it was highest among multiparous women (66.9%), by habitants it was highest among rural habitants (73.9%) while prevalence by gestational age it was highest among pregnant mothers who were in their 3rd trimester (60%) in the first antenatal care (ANC) visit. Conclusion: Pregnant mothers need to book early for antenatal clinic to access services such as intermittent preventive treatment, uptake of iron supplements and anthelmintics. They should also be empowered economically to access ANC in order to reduce the problem of anaemia in pregnancy.

scholarly journals Molecular markers of resistance to sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine during intermittent preventive treatment of pregnant women in Benin

2011 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gwladys Bertin ◽  
Valérie Briand ◽  
Diana Bonaventure ◽  
Ambre Carrieu ◽  
Achille Massougbodji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Intermittent Preventive Treatment ◽  
Preventive Treatment ◽  
Sulphadoxine Pyrimethamine

scholarly journals Decomposition of socioeconomic inequalities in the uptake of intermittent preventive treatment of malaria in pregnancy in Nigeria: evidence from Demographic Health Survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chijioke Ifeanyi Okoli ◽  
Mohammad Hajizadeh ◽  
Mohammad Mafizur Rahman ◽  
Rasheda Khanam
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Socioeconomic Inequality ◽  
Intermittent Preventive Treatment ◽  
Preventive Treatment ◽  
Socioeconomic Inequalities ◽  
Demographic Health Survey ◽  
Antenatal Visits ◽  
In Pregnancy

Abstract Background Although malaria in pregnancy is preventable with the use of intermittent preventive treatment with sulfadoxine–pyrimethamine (IPTp-SP), it still causes maternal morbidity and mortality, in sub-Saharan Africa and Nigeria in particular. Socioeconomic inequality leads to limited uptake of IPTp-SP by pregnant women and is, therefore, a public health challenge in Nigeria. This study aimed to measure and identify factors explaining socioeconomic inequality in the uptake of IPTp-SP in Nigeria. Methods The study re-analysed dataset of 12,294 women aged 15–49 years from 2018 Nigeria Demographic Health Survey (DHS). The normalized concentration index (Cn) and concentration curve were used to quantify and graphically present socioeconomic inequalities in the uptake of IPTp-SP among pregnant women in Nigeria. The Cn was decomposed to identify key factors contributing to the observed socioeconomic inequality in the uptake of adequate (≥ 3) IPTp-SP. Results The study showed a higher concentration of the adequate uptake of IPTp-SP among socioeconomically advantaged women (Cn = 0.062; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.048 to 0.076) in Nigeria. There is a pro-rich inequality in the uptake of IPTp-SP in urban areas (Cn = 0.283; 95%CI 0.279 to 0.288). In contrast, a pro-poor inequality in the uptake of IPTp-SP was observed in rural areas (Cn = − 0.238; 95%CI − 0.242 to − 0.235). The result of the decomposition analysis indicated that geographic zone of residence and antenatal visits were the two main drivers for the concentration of the uptake of IPTp-SP among wealthier pregnant women in Nigeria. Conclusion The pro-rich inequalities in the uptake of IPTp-SP among pregnant women in Nigeria, particularly in urban areas, warrant further attention. Strategies to improve the uptake of IPTp-SP among women residing in socioeconomically disadvantaged geographic zones (North-East and North-West) and improving antenatal visits among the poor women may reduce pro-rich inequality in the uptake of IPTp-SP among pregnant women in Nigeria.

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