scholarly journals Association between pesticide exposure and sleep health among a representative sample of US adults: evidence from NHANES 2009–2014

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Astrid N. Zamora ◽  
Deborah J. Watkins ◽  
Karen E. Peterson ◽  
Erica C. Jansen
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Representative Sample ◽  
Pesticide Exposure ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Sleep Health ◽  
Insufficient Sleep ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Binomial Regression ◽  
General Adult Population ◽  
Nationally Representative

Abstract Background Data suggest that pesticides interact with the melatonin receptor, which may influence sleep. However, the link between pesticides and sleep remains unexplored among the general adult population. This study evaluated unstratified and sex-stratified associations between urinary pesticide exposure (N = 4,478) and self-reported acute household pesticide exposure (N = 14,956), with sleep health outcomes within a nationally representative sample of US adults. Methods Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) 2009–2014 were combined for analysis of aim 1 and aim 2. Urinary pesticide metabolite concentrations served as biomarkers of pesticide exposure. Acute household pesticide exposure (if any chemical products were used in the home in the past seven days to control pests) was self-reported (yes/no). Insufficient sleep duration (< 7 h/night) and trouble sleeping (yes/no) were self-reported. Log-binomial regression models that accounted for complex survey weights and adjusted for confounders were used to compute prevalence ratios and 95% CI. Results Log urinary 3-phenoxybenzoic acid (3-PBA) was related to a higher probability of insufficient sleep [1.09 (95% CI: 1.00, 1.20), p = 0.04] and trouble sleeping [1.14 (95% CI: 1.02, 1.27), p = 0.02] among males. Self-reported acute household pesticide exposure was associated with a higher probability of insufficient sleep duration [1.16 (95% CI: 1.02, 1.32), p = 0.03] and trouble sleeping [1.20 (95% CI: 1.01, 1.44), p = 0.04] in the unstratified sample. Sex-stratified findings showed that associations between acute household pesticide exposure and trouble sleeping only persisted  among males [1.69 (95% CI: 1.27, 2.24), p < .001]. Conclusions In summary, acute pesticide exposure may be detrimental to adult sleep health, particularly among US males.

Sleep health in U.S. adults before and during the COVID-19 pandemic

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Garrett Hisler ◽  
Jean Twenge
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Representative Sample ◽  
The United States ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Racial Groups ◽  
Sleep Health ◽  
The Past ◽  
Falling Asleep ◽  
Interview Survey ◽  
Nationally Representative

Understanding how health has changed in response to the COVID-19 pandemic is critical to reducing and recovering from the pandemic. This study focused on how sleep health in the United States may have been impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. Sleep duration and number of days in the past week with difficulty falling asleep, difficulty staying asleep, and not feeling rested in a nationally representative sample of U.S. adults collected before the COVID-19 outbreak (2018 National Health Interview Survey, n = 19,433) was compared to the same measures in a nationally representative sample of U.S. adults collected during the COVID-19 outbreak (2020 Luc.id, n = 2,059). Sleep duration was slightly shorter in 2020 than 2018 (d = -.05). Moreover, the prevalence of insufficient sleep duration (RR = 1.20) and the number of days with difficulty falling asleep (d = .54), difficulty staying asleep (d =.36), and not feeling rested (d = .14) was greater in 2020 than 2018. Twice as many people in 2020 reported experiencing at least one night of difficulty falling asleep (RR = 1.95) or staying asleep (RR = 1.75). Adults younger than 60 and those who belonged to an Asian racial group had larger differences than other age and racial groups between 2018 and 2020. Thus, sleep health in U.S. adults was worse in 2020 than in 2018, particularly in younger and Asian adults. Findings highlight sleep as target in future research and interventions seeking to understand and reduce the effects of the spread of COVID-19.

scholarly journals 1046 Assessing Sleep-Related Hypertension Risks Using JNC 8 Guidelines: Analysis Of The National Health And Nutrition Examination Survey Data

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A397-A397
Author(s):  
L Lough ◽  
A Seixas ◽  
G Avirappattu ◽  
R Robbins ◽  
A Rogers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Duration ◽  
National Health ◽  
Stage I ◽  
Stage Ii ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Insufficient Sleep ◽  
Representative Study ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Nationally Representative

Abstract Introduction Associations between self-reported sleep duration and risk of hypertension (HTN) are well established. The level of sleep-related HTN risk based on the new JNC 8 classification guidelines requires further research. In this study, we modeled the associations of insufficient sleep with HTN using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Methods Data were extracted from the 2006-2016 NHANES (n=38,540), a nationally representative study of the US civilian population. Self-reported demographic and sleep duration were determined from household interview questions. Insufficient sleep was categorized as sleeping &lt;7hrs. Using 2017 ACC/AHA guidelines, HTN was classified as elevated (SBP:120-129mmHg and DBP &lt;80mmHg, Stage I (SBP:130-139mmHg and DBP:80-89mmHg), or Stage II (SBP ≥140mmHg and DBP ≥90mmHg). Logistic regression modeling was performed using R. Results Participants’ ages ranged from 18-85 years. Of the sample, 51% were female, 41% white, 22% black, 26% Hispanic, 8% others; 46% were married, and 25% completed &lt;high school. The model showed strong age and BMI-adjusted associations of insufficient sleep with HTN at all levels: (elevated: OR=1.079, CI=1.03-1.13; Stage I: OR=1.127, CI=1.07-1.18, and Stage II: OR=1.334, CI=1.17-1.52). Important sex and race/ethnicity differences in sleep-related HTN risks were observed: males (elevated: OR=1.024, CI=0.95-1.10; Stage I: OR=1.077, CI=1.01-1.15, and Stage II: OR=1.254, CI=1.06-1.48); females (elevated: OR=1.125, CI=1.05-1.21; Stage I: OR=1.170, CI=1.08-1.26, and Stage II: OR=1.445, CI=1.17-1.79); whites (elevated: OR=1.007, CI=0.93-1.08; Stage I: OR=1.030, CI=0.95-1.12, and Stage II: OR=1.131, CI=0.90-1.43); blacks (elevated: OR=1.047, CI=0.94-1.16; Stage I: OR=1.080, CI=0.97-1.20, and Stage II: OR=1.179, CI=0.95-1.46); and Hispanics (elevated: OR=1.066, CI=0.94-1.21; State I: OR=1.089, CI=0.96-1.24, and Stage II: OR=1.337, CI=0.92-1.92). Conclusion Our analyses showed that sleep-related HTN risks vary as a function of individual’s sex and race/ethnicity. Increasing sleep duration at all HTN severity level is important and males and Hispanics at Stage II HTN might benefit the most. Support This study was supported by funding from the NIH: R01MD007716,R01HL142066, R01AG056531, T32HL129953, K01HL135452 and K07AG052685

Examination of Accelerometer Reactivity Among a Population Sample of Children, Adolescents, and Adults

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 1325-1332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert E. Davis ◽  
Paul D. Loprinzi
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Representative Sample ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Sufficient Evidence ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Adolescents And Adults ◽  
Nationally Representative

Objectives:To examine whether accelerometer-measured physical activity–based reactivity was present in a nationally representative sample of U.S. children (6–11 yrs), adolescents (12–17 yrs), and adults (≥20 yrs).Methods:Data from the 2003–2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (N = 674, 6–85 yrs) were used. Physical activity (PA) was assessed using the ActiGraph 7164 accelerometer, with PA assessed over 7 days of monitoring. Two PA metrics were assessed, including activity counts per day (CPD) and time spent in moderate-to-vigorous PA. Evidence of reactivity was defined as a statistically significantly change in either of these 2 PA metrics from day 1 of monitoring to days 2 or 3, with day 1 of monitoring being a Monday.Results:Suggestion of reactivity was observed only for the adult population where CPD from days 2 and 3 (297,140.6 ± 7920.3 and 295,812.9 ± 8364.9), respectively, differed significantly from day 1 (309,611.5 ± 9134.9) over the monitoring period (4.0% to 4.5% change). The analysis was conducted 2 additional times with differing start days (Tuesday and Wednesday), and this approach failed to demonstrated a reactive presence.Conclusion:In this national sample of U.S. children, adolescents and adults, we did not observe sufficient evidence of accelerometer reactivity.

scholarly journals Caffeine consumption, insomnia, and sleep duration: Results from a nationally representative sample

Nutrition ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 1193-1199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ninad S. Chaudhary ◽  
Michael A. Grandner ◽  
Nicholas J. Jackson ◽  
Subhajit Chakravorty
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Representative Sample ◽  
Caffeine Consumption ◽  
Nationally Representative

scholarly journals Analytic Thinking, Rejection of Coronavirus (COVID-19) Conspiracy Theories, and Compliance with Mandated Social-Distancing: Direct and Indirect Relationships in a Nationally Representative Sample of Adults in the United Kingdom

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viren Swami ◽  
David Barron
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Representative Sample ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Analytic Thinking ◽  
Conspiracy Theories ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analyses ◽  
Nationally Representative

Faced with the threat to physical and mental health posed by the COVID-19 pandemic, many nations worldwide have mandated social-distancing measures. However, individual compliance with such measures is likely to be shaped by a range of economic, socio-political, and psychological factors. Here, we proposed and tested a mediation model in which rejection of COVID-19 conspiracy theories mediates the relationship between analytic thinking and compliance with mandated social-distancing measures. A nationally representative sample of the adult population in the United Kingdom (N = 520, age M = 45.85 years) completed a previously-validated measure of analytic thinking, as well as novel measures of rejection of COVID-19 conspiracy theories and compliance with mandated social-distancing requirements that were in place in the United Kingdom in early April 2020. Exploratory factor analyses indicated that both novel measures were unidimensional with adequate internal consistency. Inter-correlations between scores on all three measures were significant and positive. Mediation analysis indicated that analytic thinking and rejection of COVID-19 conspiracy theories, respectively, were significantly and directly associated with compliance, and that the mediated association was also significant. These results may have important implications for practical policy aimed at promoting greater compliance with mandated social-distancing.

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