The effect of a centralization procedure for extruded lateral meniscus on load distribution in porcine knee joints at different flexion angles

Abstract Background: Meniscal extrusion results in loss of the ability to resist hoop strain and biomechanical overload on the joint articular surface. A centralization technique has been developed to overcome these problems. In this study, we analyzed the biomechanics of the extruded and centralized lateral meniscus (LM) in porcine knee joints at different flexion angles. Methods: Porcine knee joints (n=8) were set in the universal tester and each knee was tested under the following states: 1) intact; 2) extrusion—meniscal extrusion was created by resecting the posterior root of the LM and posterior synovial capsule; and 3) centralization—centralization was performed by two anchors inserted in the lateral tibial plateau. Deviation distance of the meniscus, contact pressure, and contact area in the anterior LM, middle LM, posterior LM, and the contact pressure of the tibial cartilage were evaluated with an axial compressive force of 200 N at knee flexion angles of 30°, 45°, 60°, and 90°. Results: The deviation distance of LM significantly increased in extrusion but was restored to the intact status after centralization at all angles. Both the contact pressure and area significantly decreased in extrusion and were restored after centralization close to the intact status in the anterior and middle LM; in the posterior LM, however, decreased contact pressure and area were not restored after centralization. The contact pressure of the tibial cartilage increased significantly in extrusion but decreased close to the intact status after centralization. Conclusions: This centralization procedure could reduce extrusion of the LM and restore the load-distributing function of the anterior-middle LM. However, the procedure itself could not restore hoop function in cases where the defect lies in the posterior LM.

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The effect of a centralization procedure for extruded lateral meniscus on load distribution in porcine knee joints at different flexion angles

10.21203/rs.2.18118/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Rei Kubota ◽

Hideyuki Koga ◽

Nobutake Ozeki ◽

Junpei Matsuda ◽

Yuji Kohno ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Contact Pressure ◽

Articular Surface ◽

Lateral Meniscus ◽

Compressive Force ◽

Knee Joints ◽

Meniscal Extrusion ◽

Hoop Strain ◽

Axial Compressive Force ◽

Tibial Cartilage ◽

Porcine Knee

Abstract Background : Meniscal extrusion results in loss of the ability to resist hoop strain and biomechanical overload on the joint articular surface. A centralization technique has been developed to overcome these problems. In this study, we analyzed the biomechanics of the extruded and centralized lateral meniscus (LM) in porcine knee joints at different flexion angles. Methods : Porcine knee joints (n=8) were set in the universal tester and each knee was tested under the following states: 1) intact; 2) extrusion—meniscal extrusion was created by resecting the posterior root of the LM and posterior synovial capsule; and 3) centralization—centralization was performed by two anchors inserted in the lateral tibial plateau. Deviation distance of the meniscus, contact pressure, and contact area in the anterior LM, middle LM, posterior LM, and the contact pressure of the tibial cartilage were evaluated with an axial compressive force of 200 N at knee flexion angles of 30°, 45°, 60°, and 90°. Results : The deviation distance of LM significantly increased in extrusion but was restored to the intact status after centralization at all angles. Both the contact pressure and area significantly decreased in extrusion and were restored after centralization close to the intact status in the anterior and middle LM; in the posterior LM, however, decreased contact pressure and area were not restored after centralization. The contact pressure of the tibial cartilage increased significantly in extrusion but decreased close to the intact status after centralization. Conclusions : This centralization procedure could reduce extrusion of the LM and restore the load-distributing function of the anterior-middle LM. However, the procedure itself could not restore hoop function in cases where the defect lies in the posterior LM. (276 words)

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The effect of a centralization procedure for extruded lateral meniscus on load distribution in porcine knee joints at different flexion angles

10.21203/rs.2.18118/v3 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Rei Kubota ◽

Hideyuki Koga ◽

Nobutake Ozeki ◽

Junpei Matsuda ◽

Yuji Kohno ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Contact Pressure ◽

Articular Surface ◽

Lateral Meniscus ◽

Compressive Force ◽

Knee Joints ◽

Meniscal Extrusion ◽

Hoop Strain ◽

Axial Compressive Force ◽

Tibial Cartilage ◽

Porcine Knee

Abstract Background: Meniscal extrusion results in loss of the ability to resist hoop strain and biomechanical overload on the joint articular surface. A centralization technique has been developed to overcome these problems. In this study, we analyzed the biomechanics of the extruded and centralized lateral meniscus (LM) in porcine knee joints at different flexion angles.Methods: Porcine knee joints (n=8) were set in the universal tester and each knee was tested under the following states: 1) intact; 2) extrusion—meniscal extrusion was created by resecting the posterior root of the LM and posterior synovial capsule; and 3) centralization—centralization was performed by two anchors inserted in the lateral tibial plateau. Deviation distance of the meniscus, contact pressure, and contact area in the anterior LM, middle LM, posterior LM, and the contact pressure of the tibial cartilage were evaluated with an axial compressive force of 200 N at knee flexion angles of 30°, 45°, 60°, and 90°.Results: The deviation distance of LM significantly increased in extrusion but was restored to the intact status after centralization at all angles. Both the contact pressure and area significantly decreased in extrusion and were restored after centralization close to the intact status in the anterior and middle LM; in the posterior LM, however, decreased contact pressure and area were not restored after centralization. The contact pressure of the tibial cartilage increased significantly in extrusion but decreased close to the intact status after centralization.Conclusions: This centralization procedure could reduce extrusion of the LM and restore the load-distributing function of the anterior-middle LM. However, the procedure itself could not restore hoop function in cases where the defect lies in the posterior LM.

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Prevalence of Asymptomatic Intra-articular Changes of the Knee in Adult Professional Soccer Players

Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine ◽

10.1177/2325967119885370 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (11) ◽

pp. 232596711988537 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Eduard Nikolayevich Bezuglov ◽

Anastasiya Vladimirovna Lyubushkina ◽

Vladimir Yurevich Khaitin ◽

Alisa Viktorovna Tokareva ◽

Evgeny Nikolayevich Goncharov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Femoral Condyle ◽

Lateral Meniscus ◽

Soccer Players ◽

Knee Joints ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Cartilage Lesions ◽

Professional Soccer ◽

Meniscal Lesions

Background: Currently, there are few data on the association between participation in soccer and the condition of the knee joints in adult professional players. Hypothesis: A high percentage of professional soccer players will have asymptomatic intra-articular changes of the knee. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: The condition of the intra-articular structures (osteophytes, cartilage, and menisci) in 94 knee joints of 47 adult professional soccer players (mean ± SD age, 25.7 ± 4.6 years; body mass index, 22.8 ± 1.4 kg/m2) was analyzed. A 1.5-T magnetic resonance imaging scanner was used to perform the imaging, and the anonymized data were analyzed by 2 experienced radiologists. Results: Cartilage of both knee joints was affected in 97.9% of soccer players. Meniscal lesions were detected in 97.8% of joints, affecting both joints in 93.6% of athletes. Grade 2 cartilage lesions were the most prevalent (36%-60% depending on the lesion site), and grade 4 lesions were detected in 12.7% of joints. The medial femoral condyle and medial tibial plateau were most frequently affected by cartilage lesions (85.1%). Among meniscal lesions, grade 2 lesions were the most prevalent, being detected in 71% of the cases. Grade 3 lesions were detected in 13.8% of the joints. The posterior horn of the lateral meniscus was the most common site of meniscal lesions (affected in 95.7% of the joints). Osteophytes were detected in 4.2% of joints. Conclusion: The prevalence of asymptomatic cartilage and meniscal lesions in the knees of adult professional soccer players is extremely high and is not associated with the reduction of sports involvement. This research should promote the correct interpretation of magnetic resonance imaging data obtained from soccer players with acute trauma and the reduction of the number of unwarranted surgical procedures.

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How the External Impact Energy Affects the Internal Kinetics of Knee Joint: The Comparison of Porcine and Human Knee Joint

Advances in Bioengineering ◽

10.1115/imece2003-42913 ◽

2003 ◽

Author(s):

Jaw-Lin Wang ◽

Cheng-Hsien Chung ◽

Chung-Kai Chiang

Keyword(s):

Knee Joint ◽

Impact Energy ◽

Impact Loading ◽

Bending Moment ◽

Knee Joints ◽

External Energy ◽

Human Knee ◽

Human Knee Joint ◽

Internal Joint ◽

Porcine Knee

Degenerative osteoarthritis is recognized as the consequences of mechanical injuries. The abnormal impact force applied to articular cartilage would result in bone fracture or surface fissuring, and would cause the osteoarthritis [1,2]. The relation among the injury and impact energy was well studied. However, how the external energy attenuated to the internal joint is not carefully studied yet. The porcine knee joint was used as a biomechanical model for the simulation of human knee joint during impact loading. The objective of current study was to find the variation of kinetic characteristics between human and porcine knee joint during axial impact loading. Eight fresh-frozen knee joints from 10 month-old swine and seven cadaver human knee joints were used in the experiment. The mechanical responses such as forces and bending moment of knee joint, and the accelerations of femur was quantitatively analyzed. The results showed that the axial force response between human and porcine joints was similar, however, the anteroposterior shear, flexion bening moment and accelerations of these two joints were different.

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Loading and knee alignment have significant influence on cartilage MRI T2 in porcine knee joints

Osteoarthritis and Cartilage ◽

10.1016/j.joca.2010.05.002 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 18 (7) ◽

pp. 902-908 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

T. Shiomi ◽

T. Nishii ◽

H. Tanaka ◽

Y. Yamazaki ◽

K. Murase ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Significant Influence ◽

Knee Joints ◽

Knee Alignment ◽

Porcine Knee

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Paper # 272: Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings of Popliteomeniscal Fascicle Among Knee Joints With and Without Recurrent Subluxation of Lateral Meniscus

Arthroscopy The Journal of Arthroscopic and Related Surgery ◽

10.1016/j.arthro.2011.08.272 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 27 (10) ◽

pp. e253-e254

Author(s):

Jun Suganuma ◽

Ryuuta Mochizuki ◽

Yutaka Inoue ◽

Eikou Yamabe ◽

Yoshiyuki Ueda ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Lateral Meniscus ◽

Knee Joints ◽

Imaging Findings ◽

Resonance Imaging

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Evaluation of Traumatic Knee and Shoulder Joint Ligaments with MRI among Adult Sudanese Patients

International Journal of Biomedicine ◽

10.21103/article10(4)_oa11 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 387-391

Author(s):

Shaza Mahgoub Masaad ◽

Mohamed Yousef ◽

Hanady Elyas Osman ◽

Mustafa Z. Mahmoud

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Knee Joint ◽

Shoulder Joint ◽

Cruciate Ligament ◽

Lateral Meniscus ◽

Knee Joints ◽

Meniscus Tear ◽

Common Finding ◽

Age Range ◽

Joint Group

Background: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is currently regarded as the reference standard for the diagnosis and evaluation of internal derangements of the knee and shoulder girdle. This study aimed to evaluate traumatic injuries of the knee and shoulder joint ligaments by MRI and classify the most common ligament injuries. Methods and Results: This study included 50 patients, who were presented in the Radiology Department of Modern Medical Center in Khartoum, in the period from October 2019 to January 2020. The sample was divided into two groups: shoulder joint group (Group 1, n=30) with an age range between 16 and 74 years and knee joint group (Group 2, n=20) with an age range between 16 and 77 years. The age group most affected with shoulder (46.7%) and knee joint (25%) injuries was 46-65 years. The injuries of the shoulder (40%) and knee joints (55%) were common in patients with body weight ranging from 71-80kg and >81kg, respectively. Different grades of partial meniscus tear of both shoulder and knee joints were noted as Grades 1 and 2 in 8.7% of cases, Grade 2 - 13%, Grades 2 and 3 - 34.8%, and Grade 3 - 30.4%. There were incidences of 27.3%, 0%, 54.5%, 15.20, 0%, and 3% for anterior cruciate ligament, posterior cruciate ligament, medial meniscus C-shape (M Me C), lateral meniscus C-shape (L Me C), MCL, and LCL tears in the knee joints of the affected patients. Conclusion: MRI revealed that injuries to the shoulder and knee joints were common in patients with body weight ranging from 71-80kg and >81kg, respectively. Different grades of partial meniscus tear of the shoulder and knee joints were noted though Grades 2 and 3 partial tears were the most common finding. Finally, it was noted that in the knee joints of the affected patients, the M Me C shaped tear was the major type of tear.

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MEASUREMENT OF INTRAMENISCAL FORCES AND STRESSES BY TWO DIFFERENT MINIATURE TRANSDUCERS

Journal of Mechanics in Medicine and Biology ◽

10.1142/s0219519407002145 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 07 (01) ◽

pp. 65-74 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

P. K. GOH ◽

F. K. FUSS ◽

T. YANAI ◽

A. C. RITCHIE ◽

D. T. T. LIE ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Knee Joint ◽

Axial Load ◽

Load Transfer ◽

Lateral Meniscus ◽

Pressure Sensors ◽

Joint Surfaces ◽

Lateral Posterior ◽

Fbg Sensors ◽

Porcine Knee

Injuries to the knee joint are common and often have an adverse impact on a patient's quality of life. It is therefore important to understand the load transfer mechanism of the knee, especially with regard to the loading of the menisci in different positions and under different conditions. To date, only contact pressure between joint surfaces and menisci, as well as circumferential strain, have been measured by pressure sensors and strain gauges. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the spread of axial load within the menisci and the effect of the knee flexion angle on the axial load within the menisci. Intrameniscal forces were measured with Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) sensors and conductive rubber sensors in porcine knee joint specimens. The changes in pressure were measured under different loading conditions. Measurement of the intrameniscal pressure is feasible. Although, there is some existence of variations in readings, some trends can be inferred. From the overall trend, it was observed that higher stress occurs at lateral central and lateral posterior regions. As the occurrences of injuries are mainly at the medial meniscus, this may imply that the level of stress is secondary to the mobility of the meniscus in incidents of injuries. It was found that the posterior meniscofemoral ligament plays a crucial role in the mechanics of the lateral meniscus.

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