scholarly journals Comparison of the diagnostic performance of microscopic examination with nested polymerase chain reaction for optimum malaria diagnosis in Upper Myanmar

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jung-Mi Kang ◽  
Pyo-Yun Cho ◽  
Mya Moe ◽  
Jinyoung Lee ◽  
Hojong Jun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Microscopic Examination ◽  
Diagnostic Performance ◽  
Malaria Diagnosis ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain

The diagnostic performance of rapid diagnostic tests and microscopy for malaria diagnosis in eastern Sudan using a nested polymerase chain reaction assay as a reference standard

2019 ◽  
Vol 113 (11) ◽  
pp. 701-705 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zakya A Abdalla ◽  
NourElhouda A Rahma ◽  
Elhashimi E Hassan ◽  
Tajeldin M Abdallah ◽  
Hadeel E Hamad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Diagnostic Performance ◽  
Malaria Diagnosis ◽  
Rapid Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Eastern Sudan

Abstract Background Accurate diagnosis of malaria infection is essential for successful control and management of the disease. Both microscopy and rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) are recommended for malaria diagnosis, however, RDTs are more commonly used. The aim of the current study was to assess the performance of microscopy and RDTs in the diagnosis of Plasmodium falciparum infection using a nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay as the gold standard. Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out in Kassala Hospital, eastern Sudan. A total of 341 febrile participants of all ages were recruited. Blood specimens were collected and malaria testing was performed using an RDT (SD Bioline Malaria Ag Pf), microscopy and nested PCR. The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values (PPV and NPV, respectively) of microscopy and the RDT were investigated. Results The prevalence of P. falciparum malaria infections in this study was 22.9%, 24.3% and 26.7% by PCR, microscopy and RDT, respectively. Compared with microscopy, the RDT had slightly higher sensitivity (80.7% vs 74.3%; p=0.442), equivalent specificity (89.3% vs 90.4%), a similar PPV (69.2% vs 69.8%) and a higher NPV (94.0% vs 92.2%). Conclusions The diagnostic performance of the RDT was better than that of microscopy in the diagnosis of P. falciparum malaria when nested PCR was used as the gold standard.

scholarly journals Perbandingan Efektifitas Rapid Diagnostic Test (RDT) dengan Pemeriksaan Mikroskop pada Penderita Malaria Klinis di Puskesmus Mubune Kecamatan Likupang Barat

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Natanael Ritung ◽  
Victor D. Pijoh ◽  
Janno B. B. Bernadus
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Diagnostic Test ◽  
Rapid Diagnostic Test ◽  
Microscopic Examination ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Malaria Diagnosis ◽  
Clinical Malaria ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Abstract: Malaria is still a public health problem worldwide, especially in economically underdeveloped and undeveloped countries. There are several laboratory diagnostic tests for malaria inter alia microscopic examination (thick and thin stained blood smear), rapid diagnostic test (RDT), and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). This study was aimed to compare the effectivity of RDT with of microscopic examination as the gold standard of malaria diagnosis. This was a diagnostic test study. Blood samples were obtained from 38 people of clinical malaria who lived at Likupang Barat from October 2015 to January 2016. The RDT results were compared with the microscopic examination to obtain the sensitivity and specifity levels. The results showed that of the RDT, the sensitivity was 67%, the specifity was 97%, the positive predictive value was 67%, and the negative predictive value was 97%. Conclusion: Rapid diagnostic test was nearly as effective as the microscopic examination of malaria.Keywords: RDT, microscopic examination, sensitivity, specificityAbstrak: Malaria masih menjadi masalah kesehatan di dunia terutama di negara yang secara ekonomis masih tertinggal dan belum berkembang. Diagnosis laboratorik malaria dapat dilakukan dengan beberapa cara antara lain pemeriksaan mikroskopik yaitu hapusan darah tebal dan hapusan darah tipis, rapid diagnostic test (RDT), dan polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan tingkat efektifitas antara RDT dengan pemeriksaan mikroskopik yang merupakan baku emas diagnostik malaria. Jenis penelitian ialah uji diagnostik. Sampel darah diambil dari 38 orang dengan klinis malaria di Likupang Barat sejak Oktober 2015 - Januari 2016. Hasil pemeriksaan RDT dibandingkan dengan hasil pemeriksaan mikrsokopik untuk mengetahui tingkat sensivitas dan spesifisitasnya. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan tingkat sensivitas RDT secara umum sebesar 67%, spesifitas sebesar 97%, nilai duga positif sebesar 67%, dan nilai duga negatif sebesar 97%. Simpulan: Pemeriksaan RDT menunjukkan efektivitas dan akurasi yang hampir sama dengan pemeriksaan mikroskopik.Kata kunci: RDT, pemeriksaan mikroskopis, sensitivitas, spesifitas

Using a Polymerase Chain Reaction as a Complementary Test to Improve the Detection of Dermatophyte Fungus in Nails

2014 ◽  
Vol 104 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
María José Iglesias Sánchez ◽  
Ana María Pérez Pico ◽  
Félix Marcos Tejedor ◽  
María Jesús Iglesias Sánchez ◽  
Raquel Mayordomo Acevedo
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Classical Method ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Culture Method ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Traditional Procedure ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Background Dermatomycoses are a group of pathologic abnormalities frequently seen in clinical practice, and their prevalence has increased in recent decades. Diagnostic confirmation of mycotic infection in nails is essential because there are several pathologic conditions with similar clinical manifestations. The classical method for confirming the presence of fungus in nail is microbiological culture and the identification of morphological structures by microscopy. Methods We devised a nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) that amplifies specific DNA sequences of dermatophyte fungus that is notably faster than the 3 to 4 weeks that the traditional procedure takes. We compared this new technique and the conventional plate culture method in 225 nail samples. The results were subjected to statistical analysis. Results We found concordance in 78.2% of the samples analyzed by the two methods and increased sensitivity when simultaneously using the two methods to analyze clinical samples. Now we can confirm the presence of dermatophyte fungus in most of the positive samples in just 24 hours, and we have to wait for the result of culture only in negative PCR cases. Conclusions Although this PCR cannot, at present, substitute for the traditional culture method in the detection of dermatophyte infection of the nails, it can be used as a complementary technique because its main advantage lies in the significant reduction of time used for diagnosis, in addition to higher sensitivity.

Detection of hepatitis “C” virus in formalin-fixed liver tissue by nested polymerase chain reaction

1992 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 310-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Sallie ◽  
Anne Rayner ◽  
Bernard Portmann ◽  
A. L. W. F. Eddleston ◽  
Roger Williams
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Liver Tissue ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Formalin Fixed

The fate of a genetically modifiedPseudomonasstrain and its transgene during the composting of poultry manure

2004 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
pp. 415-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Guan ◽  
J L Spencer ◽  
M Sampath ◽  
J Devenish
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Incubation Temperature ◽  
Genetically Modified ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Detection Sensitivity ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Soil Microcosms ◽  
Polymerase Chain

The fate of the genetically modified (GM) Pseudomonas chlororaphis strain 3732 RN-L11 and its transgene (lacZ insert) during composting of chicken manure was studied using plate count and nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods. The detection sensitivity of the nested PCR method was 165 copies of the modified gene per gram of moist compost or soil. Compost microcosms consisted of a 100-g mixture of chicken manure and peat, whereas soil microcosms were 100-g samples of sandy clay loam. Each microcosm was inoculated with 4 × 1010CFU of P. chlororaphis RN-L11. In controlled temperature studies, neither P. chlororaphis RN-L11 nor its transgene could be detected in compost microcosms after incubation temperature was elevated to 45 °C or above for one or more days. In contrast, in the compost microcosms incubated at 23 °C, the target organism was not detected by the plate count method after 6 days, but its transgene was detectable for at least 45 days. In compost bins, the target organism was not recovered from compost microcosms or soil microcosms at different levels in the bins for 29 days. However, the transgene was detected in 8 of the 9 soil microcosms and in only 1 of the 9 compost microcosms. The compost microcosm in which transgene was detected was at the lower level of the bin where temperatures remained below 45 °C. The findings indicated that composting of organic wastes could be used to reduce or degrade heat sensitive GM microorganisms and their transgenes.Key words: composting, genetically modified Pseudomonas strain, transgene, polymerase chain reaction.

scholarly journals Detection of Helicobacter pylori using nested polymerase chain reaction in gastric biopsy samples

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Divya Mahajan ◽  
Anju Jain ◽  
Varsha Singh ◽  
A. K. Jain ◽  
G. R. K. Rao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Gastric Biopsy ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain
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