scholarly journals "I was tricked": understanding reasons for unintended pregnancy among sexually active adolescent girls

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Idowu Ajayi ◽  
Sally Atieno Odunga ◽  
Clement Oduor ◽  
Ramatou Ouedraogo ◽  
Boniface Ayanbekongshie Ushie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Unintended Pregnancy ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Teenage Pregnancy ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
School Attendance ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Sexually Active ◽  
Unintended Pregnancies ◽  
Study Setting

Abstract Background While the Kenya government is mobilizing high-level strategies to end adolescent pregnancy by 2030, a clear understanding of drivers of early unintended pregnancy in the country is a necessary precursor. In this study, we determine the prevalence, associated factors, and reasons for unintended pregnancy among sexually active adolescent girls (aged 15–19 in two Kenya counties with the highest rate of teenage pregnancy. Methods We used the “In Their Hands” (ITH) program's baseline evaluation data. The study adopted a mixed-methods design with 1110 sexually active adolescent girls in the quantitative component and 19 girls who were either pregnant or nursing a child in the qualitative. We used adjusted and unadjusted logistic regression to model factors associated with unintended pregnancy among respondents. We used a thematic analysis of qualitative data to examine girls’ reasons for having unintended pregnancy. Results Overall, 42% of respondents have had an unintended pregnancy; however, higher proportions were observed among girls who were 19 years (49.4%), double orphans (53.6%), never used contraceptive (49.9%), out-of-school (53.8%), and married (55.6%). After adjusting for relevant covariates, the odds of unintended pregnancy were higher among girls who resided in rural areas (AOR 1.64, 95% CI 1.22–2.20), had primary or no formal education (AOR 1.50 95% CI 1.11–2.02), and had never used contraceptive (AOR 1.69 95% CI 1.25–2.29) compared with their counterparts. Current school attendance was associated with a 66% reduction in the probability of having an unintended pregnancy. Participants of the qualitative study stated that the desire to maintain a relationship, poor contraceptive knowledge, misinformation about contraceptive side effects, and lack of trusted mentors were the main reasons for their unintended pregnancies. Conclusion A massive burden of unintended pregnancy exists among sexually active adolescent girls in the study setting. Adolescent boys and girls need better access to sexuality education and contraceptives in the study setting to reduce early unintended pregnancy.

scholarly journals “I was Tricked”: Understanding Reasons for Unintended Pregnancy Among Sexually Active Adolescent Girls

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Idowu Ajayi ◽  
Sally Atieno Odunga ◽  
Clement Oduor ◽  
Ramatou Ouedraogo ◽  
Boniface Ayanbekongshie Ushie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Unintended Pregnancy ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Teenage Pregnancy ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
School Attendance ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Sexually Active ◽  
Unintended Pregnancies ◽  
Study Setting

Abstract Background: While the Kenya government is mobilizing high-level strategies to end adolescent pregnancy by 2030, a clear understanding of drivers of early unintended pregnancy in the country is a necessary precursor. In this study, we determine the prevalence, associated factors, and reasons for unintended pregnancy among sexually active adolescent girls in two Kenya counties with the highest rate of teenage pregnancy. Methods: We used the baseline evaluation data of the “In Their Hands” (ITH) program. The study adopted a mixed-methods design with 1110 sexually active adolescent girls in the quantitative component and 19 girls who were either pregnant or nursing a child in the qualitative. We used adjusted and unadjusted logistic regression to model factors associated with unintended pregnancy among respondents. We used a thematic analysis of qualitative data to examine girls’ reasons for having unintended pregnancy. Results: Overall, 42% of respondents have had an unintended pregnancy; however, higher proportions were observed among girls who were 19 years (49.4%), double orphans (53.6%), never used contraceptive (49.9%), out-of-school (53.8%), and married (55.6%). After adjusting for relevant covariates, the odds of unintended pregnancy were higher among girls who resided in rural areas (AOR:1.64, 95% CI:1.22-2.20), had primary or no formal education (AOR:1.50 95% CI:1.11-2.02), and had never used contraceptive (AOR:1.69 95% CI-1.25-2.29) compared with their counterparts. Current school attendance was associated with a 66% reduction in the probability of having an unintended pregnancy. Participants of the qualitative study stated that the desire to maintain a relationship, poor contraceptive knowledge, misinformation about contraceptive side effects, and lack of trusted mentors were the main reasons for their unintended pregnancies. Conclusion: A massive burden of unintended pregnancy exists among sexually active adolescent girls in the study setting. Adolescent boys and girls need better access to sexuality education and contraceptives in the study setting to reduce early unintended pregnancy.

scholarly journals “I was tricked”: Understanding reasons for unintended pregnancy among sexually active adolescent girls

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Idowu Ajayi ◽  
Sally Atieno Odunga ◽  
Clement Oduor ◽  
Ramatou Ouedraogo ◽  
Boniface Ayanbekongshie Ushie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Unintended Pregnancy ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Teenage Pregnancy ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
School Attendance ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Sexually Active ◽  
Unintended Pregnancies ◽  
Study Setting

Abstract Background: While the Kenya government is mobilizing high-level strategies to end adolescent pregnancy by 2030, a clear understanding of drivers of early unintended pregnancy in the country is a necessary precursor. In this study, we determine the prevalence, associated factors, and reasons for unintended pregnancy among sexually active adolescent girls (aged 15-19 in two Kenya counties with the highest rate of teenage pregnancy. Methods: We used the “In Their Hands” (ITH) program's baseline evaluation data. The study adopted a mixed-methods design with 1110 sexually active adolescent girls in the quantitative component and 19 girls who were either pregnant or nursing a child in the qualitative. We used adjusted and unadjusted logistic regression to model factors associated with unintended pregnancy among respondents. We used a thematic analysis of qualitative data to examine girls’ reasons for having unintended pregnancy. Results: Overall, 42% of respondents have had an unintended pregnancy; however, higher proportions were observed among girls who were 19 years (49.4%), double orphans (53.6%), never used contraceptive (49.9%), out-of-school (53.8%), and married (55.6%). After adjusting for relevant covariates, the odds of unintended pregnancy were higher among girls who resided in rural areas (AOR:1.64, 95% CI:1.22-2.20), had primary or no formal education (AOR:1.50 95% CI:1.11-2.02), and had never used contraceptive (AOR:1.69 95% CI-1.25-2.29) compared with their counterparts. Current school attendance was associated with a 66% reduction in the probability of having an unintended pregnancy. Participants of the qualitative study stated that the desire to maintain a relationship, poor contraceptive knowledge, misinformation about contraceptive side effects, and lack of trusted mentors were the main reasons for their unintended pregnancies.Conclusion: A massive burden of unintended pregnancy exists among sexually active adolescent girls in the study setting. Adolescent boys and girls need better access to sexuality education and contraceptives in the study setting to reduce early unintended pregnancy.

scholarly journals Association between sexual violence and unintended pregnancy among adolescent girls and young women in South Africa

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Idowu Ajayi ◽  
Henrietta Chinelo Ezegbe
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Unintended Pregnancy ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Teenage Pregnancy ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Limited Attention ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Unintended Pregnancies

Abstract Background Unintended pregnancy has dire consequences on the health and socioeconomic wellbeing of adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) (aged 15–24 years). While most studies tend to focus on lack of access to contraceptive information and services, and poverty as the main contributing factor to early-unintended pregnancies, the influence of sexual violence has received limited attention. Understanding the link between sexual violence and unintended pregnancy is critical towards developing a multifaceted intervention to reduce unintended pregnancies among AGYW in South Africa, a country with high teenage pregnancy rate. Thus, we estimated the magnitude of unintended pregnancy among AGYW and also examined the effect of sexual violence on unintended pregnancy. Methods Our study adopted a cross-sectional design, and data were obtained from AGYW in a South African university between June and November 2018. A final sample of 451 girls aged 17–24 years, selected using stratified sampling, were included in the analysis. We used adjusted and unadjusted logistic regression analysis to examine the effect of sexual violence on unintended pregnancy. Results The analysis shows that 41.9% of all respondents had experienced an unintended pregnancy, and 26.3% of those unintended pregnancies ended in abortions. Unintended pregnancy was higher among survivors of sexual violence (54.4%) compared to those who never experienced sexual abuse (34.3%). In the multivariable analysis, sexual violence was consistently and robustly associated with increased odds of having an unintended pregnancy (AOR:1.70; 95% CI: 1.08–2.68). Conclusion Our study found a huge magnitude of unintended pregnancy among AGYW. Sexual violence is an important predictor of unintended pregnancy in this age cohort. Thus, addressing unintended pregnancies among AGYW in South Africa requires interventions that not only increase access to contraceptive information and services but also reduce sexual violence and cater for survivors.

scholarly journals Association between sexual violence and unintended pregnancy among adolescent girls and young women in South Africa

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Idowu Ajayi ◽  
Henrietta Chinelo Ezegbe
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Unintended Pregnancy ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Teenage Pregnancy ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Limited Attention ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Unintended Pregnancies

Abstract Background Unintended pregnancy has dire consequences on the health and socio-economic wellbeing of adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) (aged 15-24 years). While most studies tend to focus on lack of access to contraceptive information and services, and poverty as the main contributing factor to early-unintended pregnancies, the influence of sexual violence has received limited attention. Understanding the link between sexual violence and unintended pregnancy is critical towards developing a multifaceted intervention to reduce unintended pregnancies among AGYW in South Africa, a country with high teenage pregnancy rates. MethodsDrawing from cross-sectional data obtained among AGYW in a South African university between June and November 2018, we estimated the magnitude of unintended pregnancy among AGYW and also examined the effect of sexual violence on unintended pregnancy. A final sample of 451 girls aged 17-24 years, selected using stratified sampling, were included in the analysis. We used adjusted and unadjusted logistic regression analysis to examine the effect of sexual violence on unintended pregnancy. ResultsThe analysis shows that 41.9% of all respondents had experienced an unintended pregnancy, and 25.9% of those unintended pregnancies ended in abortions. Unintended pregnancy was higher among survivors of sexual violence (54.4%) compared to those who never experienced sexual abuse (34.3%). In the multivariable analysis, sexual violence was consistently and robustly associated with increased odds of having an unintended pregnancy (AOR:1.70; 95% CI: 1.08-2.68).ConclusionAddressing unintended pregnancies among AGYW in South Africa requires interventions that not only increase access to contraceptive information and services but also reduce sexual violence and cater for survivors.

scholarly journals Association between sexual violence and unintended pregnancy among adolescent girls and young women in South Africa

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Idowu Ajayi ◽  
Henrietta Chinelo Ezegbe
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Unintended Pregnancy ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Teenage Pregnancy ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Limited Attention ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Unintended Pregnancies

Abstract Background Unintended pregnancy has dire consequences on the health and socioeconomic wellbeing of adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) (aged 15-24 years). While most studies tend to focus on lack of access to contraceptive information and services, and poverty as the main contributing factor to early-unintended pregnancies, the influence of sexual violence has received limited attention. Understanding the link between sexual violence and unintended pregnancy is critical towards developing a multifaceted intervention to reduce unintended pregnancies among AGYW in South Africa, a country with high teenage pregnancy rates. Thus, we estimated the magnitude of unintended pregnancy among AGYW and also examined the effect of sexual violence on unintended pregnancy. Methods Our study adopted a cross-sectional design, and data were obtained from AGYW in a South African university between June and November 2018. A final sample of 451 girls aged 17-24 years, selected using stratified sampling, were included in the analysis. We used adjusted and unadjusted logistic regression analysis to examine the effect of sexual violence on unintended pregnancy. Results The analysis shows that 41.9% of all respondents had experienced an unintended pregnancy, and 25.9% of those unintended pregnancies ended in abortions. Unintended pregnancy was higher among survivors of sexual violence (54.4%) compared to those who never experienced sexual abuse (34.3%). In the multivariable analysis, sexual violence was consistently and robustly associated with increased odds of having an unintended pregnancy (AOR:1.70; 95% CI: 1.08-2.68). Conclusion Our study found a huge magnitude of unintended pregnancy among AGYW. Sexual violence is an important predictor of unintended pregnancy in this age cohort. Thus, addressing unintended pregnancies among AGYW in South Africa requires interventions that not only increase access to contraceptive information and services but also reduce sexual violence and cater for survivors.

scholarly journals Association between sexual violence and unintended pregnancy among adolescent girls and young women in South Africa

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Idowu Ajayi ◽  
Henrietta Chinelo Ezegbe
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Unintended Pregnancy ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Teenage Pregnancy ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Limited Attention ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Unintended Pregnancies

Abstract Background Unintended pregnancy has dire consequences on the health and socioeconomic wellbeing of adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) (aged 15-24 years). While most studies tend to focus on lack of access to contraceptive information and services, and poverty as the main contributing factor to early-unintended pregnancies, the influence of sexual violence has received limited attention. Understanding the link between sexual violence and unintended pregnancy is critical towards developing a multifaceted intervention to reduce unintended pregnancies among AGYW in South Africa, a country with high teenage pregnancy rates. Thus, we estimated the magnitude of unintended pregnancy among AGYW and also examined the effect of sexual violence on unintended pregnancy.Methods Our study adopted a cross-sectional design, and data were obtained from AGYW in a South African university between June and November 2018. A final sample of 451 girls aged 17-24 years, selected using stratified sampling, were included in the analysis. We used adjusted and unadjusted logistic regression analysis to examine the effect of sexual violence on unintended pregnancy. Results The analysis shows that 41.9% of all respondents had experienced an unintended pregnancy, and 26.3% of those unintended pregnancies ended in abortions. Unintended pregnancy was higher among survivors of sexual violence (54.4%) compared to those who never experienced sexual abuse (34.3%). In the multivariable analysis, sexual violence was consistently and robustly associated with increased odds of having an unintended pregnancy (AOR:1.70; 95% CI: 1.08-2.68).Conclusion Our study found a huge magnitude of unintended pregnancy among AGYW. Sexual violence is an important predictor of unintended pregnancy in this age cohort. Thus, addressing unintended pregnancies among AGYW in South Africa requires interventions that not only increase access to contraceptive information and services but also reduce sexual violence and cater for survivors.

scholarly journals Association between sexual violence and unintended pregnancy among adolescent girls and young women in South Africa

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Idowu Ajayi ◽  
Henrietta Chinelo Ezegbe
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Unintended Pregnancy ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Teenage Pregnancy ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Limited Attention ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Unintended Pregnancies

Abstract Background Unintended pregnancy has dire consequences on the health and socioeconomic wellbeing of adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) (aged 15-24 years). While most studies tend to focus on lack of access to contraceptive information and services, and poverty as the main contributing factor to early-unintended pregnancies, the influence of sexual violence has received limited attention. Understanding the link between sexual violence and unintended pregnancy is critical towards developing a multifaceted intervention to reduce unintended pregnancies among AGYW in South Africa, a country with high teenage pregnancy rates. Thus, we estimated the magnitude of unintended pregnancy among AGYW and also examined the effect of sexual violence on unintended pregnancy.MethodsOur study adopted a cross-sectional design, and data were obtained from AGYW in a South African university between June and November 2018. A final sample of 451 girls aged 17-24 years, selected using stratified sampling, were included in the analysis. We used adjusted and unadjusted logistic regression analysis to examine the effect of sexual violence on unintended pregnancy. ResultsThe analysis shows that 41.9% of all respondents had experienced an unintended pregnancy, and 25.9% of those unintended pregnancies ended in abortions. Unintended pregnancy was higher among survivors of sexual violence (54.4%) compared to those who never experienced sexual abuse (34.3%). In the multivariable analysis, sexual violence was consistently and robustly associated with increased odds of having an unintended pregnancy (AOR:1.70; 95% CI: 1.08-2.68).ConclusionOur study found a huge magnitude of unintended pregnancy among AGYW. Sexual violence is an important predictor of unintended pregnancy in this age cohort. Thus, addressing unintended pregnancies among AGYW in South Africa requires interventions that not only increase access to contraceptive information and services but also reduce sexual violence and cater for survivors.

scholarly journals Determinants of Unintended Pregnancies Among Currently Married Women in Uganda

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald Wasswa ◽  
Allen Kabagenyi ◽  
Leonard Atuhaire
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Unintended Pregnancy ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Proportional Hazards Model ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards Model ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Age At First Birth ◽  
Unintended Pregnancies

Abstract Background: Unintended pregnancies are no longer bound to teenagers or school going children, married women in Uganda as well experience such pregnancies though little has been investigated on them. This study therefore examines the determinants of unintended pregnancies among currently married women in Uganda.Methods: In this study, we used data from the 2016 Uganda Demographic and Health Survey (UDHS) which comprised of 11,223 married women aged 15-49 years. Analysis was done using descriptive analysis, logistic regression, Poisson regression, log-rank test for survival functions, cox proportional hazards model, and the generalized structural equation model.Results: The study revealed that 45% of the pregnancies were unintended while 3 in 10 married women were not using contraceptives. At the bivariate level; unintended pregnancy was associated with the highest wealth quintile (OR=0.45, 95%CI=0.40-0.49) while contraceptive use was associated with higher education level (OR=4.90, 95% CI=4.10-5.86). Similarly, children ever born were associated with married women from rural areas (IRR=4.34, 95% CI=4.30-4.39). At the multivariate level, married women from northern region (AOR=0.55, 95% CI=0.45-0.64) had lower odds and Muslim married women with more children (AOR=1.04, 95% CI=1.01-1.07) had higher odds of unintended pregnancy.Conclusion: Unintended pregnancies are directly and indirectly influenced by higher fertility and improver use of contraceptive. Married women who had more children and were: from poor households, with lowest education, in Central region, in rural areas, with low age at first birth, with older partners and were Muslim were more likely to have unintended pregnancies. Also, married women who were using contraceptives and were: older age, Anglican, from wealthiest households, in agricultural or domestic sector and higher parity were associated with higher risk of unintended pregnancies. The government should make efforts in reducing the fertility among married women by investing in programs and policies like: sensitization of women on the effectiveness in use of contraceptives, making contraceptives affordable and easily accessible to all people in different regions of the country with emphasis on who already have four or more children. Extension of higher education to all people will lead to reduced risks of unintended pregnancies.

scholarly journals Assessment of non-formal sexual education strategies for adolescent girls: the case of Tanzania

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (95) ◽  
pp. 527-547
Author(s):  
João Casqueira Cardoso ◽  
Martha Peter Mwolo
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Sexual Education ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Unintended Pregnancies ◽  
Sexual Behaviours ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Social Meanings ◽  
Risky Behaviours

Abstract This article proposes a critical look at the non-formal education strategies, which have been conducted mainly in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, by four non-governmental organizations, in order to provide sexual education to girls between the ages of 12 and 16, showing the role played by the civil society in contradicting the school conservatism. Clear trends emerged from this study to indicate that sexual risky behaviours, unintended pregnancies, and HIV transmission among adolescent girls are closely related to intentional as well as unintentional reproduction of the power relations, social meanings, moral codes, stigma and silence attached to adolescents, their sexuality and sexual health within key institutions. As a result, their sexual behaviours are hidden and ignored. As schools do not develop curricula for life, NGOs play their role by means of non-formal education.

scholarly journals Factors Influencing Unintended Pregnancies among Childbearing Age Women in Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agung Dwi Laksono ◽  
Ratna Dwi Wulandari
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Family Planning ◽  
Unintended Pregnancy ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Access To Health Care ◽  
Pregnancy Termination ◽  
Childbearing Age ◽  
Unintended Pregnancies ◽  
Access To Health

Abstract Background: Unintended pregnancy can cause pregnancy termination, which leads to safety risks. The purpose of the study was to analyze the factors that influence unintended pregnancies in Indonesia.Methods: The analysis unit was women aged 15-49 years old who gave birth to the last 5 years. The sample size was 36,472 women. In addition to unintended pregnancy as the dependent variable, other variables analyzed were the place of residence, age, education, husband/partner, employment, wealth, parity, pregnancy termination, the person deciding woman's access to health care, heard about family planning messages on radio, television, and newspaper/magazines. The final stage analysis uses binary logistic regression.Results: Women in urban areas were 1.834 times more likely than women in rural areas to experience an unintended pregnancy. The 20-24 age group was 0.202 times more than the 15-19, while the 45-49 was 1.916 times compared to the 15-19 to experience an unintended pregnancy. Secondary education women were 1.447 times more likely than no education women, while the poorer women were 1.190 times more likely than the poorest women to experience an unintended pregnancy. Parity was found to be a strong determinant of unintended pregnancy. History of pregnancy, decision making by husbandpartner, and heard about family planning messages on radio and television in the last few months are risk factors for unintended pregnancy.Conclusions: Eight variables affect unintended pregnancy, namely age, education, wealth, parity, pregnancy termination, the person deciding woman's access to health care, and heard about family planning messages on radio and television.

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