scholarly journals French People’s positions on supervised injection facilities for drug users

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Teresa Munoz Sastre ◽  
Lonzozou Kpanake ◽  
Etienne Mullet
Keyword(s):  
Health Professionals ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Political Orientation ◽  
Staff Members ◽  
Rehabilitation Programs ◽  
Supervised Injection ◽  
Safe Injection ◽  
Supervised Injection Facilities ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Unsafe Injection

Abstract Background Supervised injection facilities have been set-up in many countries to curb the health risks associated with unsafe injection practices. These facilities have, however, been met with vocal opposition, notably in France. As harm reduction policies can only succeed to the extent that people agree with them, this study mapped French people’s opinions regarding the setting-up of these facilities. Method A sample of 318 adults--among them health professionals--were presented with 48 vignettes depicting plans to create a supervised injection facility in their town. Each vignette contained three pieces of information: (a) the type of substance that would be injected in the facility (amphetamines only, amphetamines and cocaine only, or amphetamines, cocaine and heroin), (b) the type of staff who would be working in the facility (physicians and nurses, specially trained former drug users, specially trained current drug users, or trained volunteers recruited by the municipality), and (c) the staff members’ mission (to be present and observe only, technical counselling about safe injection, counselling about safe injection and hygiene, or counselling and encouragement to follow a detoxification program). Results Through cluster analysis, three qualitatively different positions were found: Not very acceptable (20%), Depends on staff and mission (49%), and Always acceptable (31%). These positions were associated with demographic characteristics--namely gender, age and political orientation. Conclusion French people’s positions regarding supervised injection facilities were extremely diverse. One type of facility would, however, be accepted by a large majority of people: supervised injection facilities run by health professionals whose mission would be, in addition to technical and hygienic counselling, to encourage patrons to enter detoxification or rehabilitation programs.

scholarly journals Inside Insite

2016 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 60-62
Author(s):  
Cory Lefebvre ◽  
Lauren Crosby ◽  
Adam Kovacs-Litman
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Costs ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Rehabilitation Services ◽  
Intravenous Drug Users ◽  
Needle Sharing ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Supervised Injection ◽  
Safe Injection ◽  
Supervised Injection Facilities

The debate around supervised injection facilities (SIF) rages on more than a decade after the opening of Insite, Canada’s first supervised injection site in Vancouver. Recently, an article published in the journal Addiction reignited the discussion when it made a financial case for introducing facilities in Ottawa and Toronto. The model predicts that the introduction of two SIFs in Ottawa and three in Toronto would be a cost-savings measure to prevent the spread of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) among intravenous drug users (IVDUs). Over 600 total cases of HIV or HCV are projected to be averted in a 20-year period, saving over $40 million in healthcare costs in Toronto and over $30 million in Ottawa. Opponents deny the benefits of safe injection sites despite research conducted on Insite, which suggest that these facilities have tremendous utility and are economically viable. Insite targets and attracts high-risk IVDUs, fosters safer injection habits and prevents transmission of needle-sharing diseases. Insite’s facilities also offer complementary detoxification and rehabilitation services and encourage users to register for these programs. In contrast to arguments made by opponents, Insite has not been found to increase incidental overdoses, neighbourhood crime rates, or public disposal of needles. Given the outcomes of research conducted on Insite, the viability of similar facilities in Ontario should be further explored. 

Highs and Lows: An Interrupted Time-Series Evaluation of the Impact of North America’s Only Supervised Injection Facility on Crime

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew J. Myer ◽  
Linsey Belisle
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Interrupted Time Series ◽  
Interrupted Time Series Analysis ◽  
Supervised Injection Facility ◽  
Series Evaluation ◽  
Supervised Injection ◽  
Supervised Injection Facilities ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Combat Problems

North America is currently experiencing an opioid crisis. One proposed solution to combat problems associated with injection drug use is the use of supervised injection facilities. These facilities provide drug users a space to inject pre-obtained drugs without any legal repercussions. Research on these facilities has focused on public health outcomes, and generally found positive results. Far fewer studies have investigated the impact supervised injection facilities have on crime. The current study provides an interrupted time-series analysis on the impact of North America’s only supervised injection facility on crime. Analyses of city wide crime data evidence no impact of the supervised injection facility on crime. Disaggregated analyses indicate a significant decrease in crimes in the district where the supervised injection facility is located. Implications of the findings are discussed.

scholarly journals Evaluation of supervised injection facilities as an ethically sound approach to treatment of injection drug abuse

2017 ◽  
Vol 86 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-69
Author(s):  
Katherine Fleshner ◽  
Matthew Greenacre
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Injection Drug Use ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Active Drug ◽  
Categorical Imperative ◽  
Injection Drug ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Drug Paraphernalia ◽  
Supervised Injection ◽  
Supervised Injection Facilities

Novel approaches are needed to address the issue of injection drug use in Canada, which can have negative consequences for drug users and society. Supervised injection facilities (SIFs) are legally sanctioned facilities in Canada where drug users can receive sterile drug paraphernalia, referral to cessation programs and timely medical care if necessary. SIFs operate under the principle of harm reduction, which aims to reduce rates of infection and death due to overdose among drug users. SIFs are largely driven by the utilitarian ideal of maximizing benefit for the greatest number of people, through supervision of active drug users and appropriate referral for those wishing to quit. Deontological theory may support SIFs depending on how one applies the categorical imperative. Studies of the first SIF in North America, Insite, have shown demonstrable reductions in adverse health and societal consequences of injection drug use, rationalizing their implementation under consequentialism. SIFs are, therefore, suitable for greater adoption by the healthcare system.

Supervised Injection Facilities and International Law

2003 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 539-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Malkin ◽  
Richard Elliott ◽  
Rowan McRae
Keyword(s):  
Drug Users ◽  
Health It ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Public Health Crisis ◽  
Legal Obligations ◽  
Legal Implications ◽  
International Obligations ◽  
Supervised Injection ◽  
Supervised Injection Facilities ◽  
The Right

The ongoing public health crisis associated with injection drug use highlights the failure of prohibitionist policies. In contrast, harm reduction approaches aim to protect and promote the health of drug users. Supervised injection facilities (SIFs) are one important component of this approach. This article considers the international legal implications of establishing SIFs. It argues that implementing trials of SIFs is an appropriate measure that states should take pursuant to their international legal obligations to realize progressively the right of their nationals to the highest attainable standard of health. It argues that international drug control treaties do not prevent such measures, as is commonly claimed. The authors conclude that successful trials in Europe and Australia should be emulated elsewhere, in accordance with states' international obligations.

scholarly journals Comparing the differences in health of body, mental and spirit among Schedule I and II controlled drugs users with Schedule III and IV controlled drugs users

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Hui-Man Huang ◽  
Ann Long ◽  
Fan-Ko Sun ◽  
Chu-Yun Lu ◽  
Yu-Chun Yao
Keyword(s):  
Health Professionals ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Spiritual Health ◽  
Drug Rehabilitation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Rehabilitation Programs ◽  
Controlled Drugs

Objective: To compare the differences in physical, mental, and spiritual health among Schedule I and II with III and IV controlled drugs users.Methods: A cross-sectional comparison design was used. A convenience sample of 479 drugs users was recruited in Taiwan.Results: The results showed that Schedule I and II drug-users had less perceptions of their overall body-mental-spirit health than Schedule III and IV drug-users (52.72 vs. 55.40, t = -3.00, p < .01).Conclusions: The health professionals could design drug rehabilitation programs for all Schedules of drug-users, especially for Schedule I and II drug-users.

Politics and Ideology: Lord Moyne, Palestine and Zionism 1939–1944

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-169
Author(s):  
Ronen Yitzhak
Keyword(s):  
Prime Minister ◽  
White Paper ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Political Orientation ◽  
Jewish State ◽  
World War ◽  
Pragmatic Approach ◽  
Jewish Immigration ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Second World

This article deals with Lord Moyne's policy towards the Zionists. It refutes the claim that Lord Moyne was anti-Zionist in his political orientation and in his activities and shows that his positions did not differ from those of other British senior officials at the time. His attitude toward Jewish immigration to Palestine and toward the establishment of a Jewish Brigade during the Second World War was indeed negative. This was not due to anti-Zionist policy, however, but to British strategy that supported the White Paper of 1939 and moved closer to the Arabs during the War. While serving in the British Cabinet, Lord Moyne displayed apolitically pragmatic approach and remained loyal to Prime Minister Churchill. He therefore supported the establishment of a Jewish Brigade and the establishment of a Jewish state in Palestine in the secret committee that Churchill set up in 1944. Unaware of his new positions, the Zionists assassinated him in November 1944. The murder of Lord Moyne affected Churchill, leading him to reject the establishment of a Jewish state in Palestine.

scholarly journals Maintaining an Adult Hematology/Oncology Service at a Tertiary Care Center during the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic: An Eight-Week-Experience with a Newly Implemented Procedural Plan

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Philipp G. Hemmati ◽  
Dorothea Fischer ◽  
Frank Breywisch ◽  
Sabine Wohlfarth ◽  
Matthias Kramer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cancer Center ◽  
Staff Members ◽  
Oncology Service ◽  
Containment Measures ◽  
Vulnerable Patient ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Oncology Unit

Treatment of cancer patients has become challenging when large parts of hospital services need to be shut down as a consequence of a local COVID-19 outbreak that requires rapid containment measures, in conjunction with the shifting of priorities to vital services. Reports providing conceptual frameworks and first experiences on how to maintain a clinical hematology/oncology service during the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic are scarce. Here, we report our first 8 weeks of experience after implementing a procedural plan at a hematology/oncology unit with its associated cancer center at a large academic teaching hospital in Germany. By strictly separating team workflows and implementing vigorous testing for SARS-CoV-2 infections for all patients and staff members irrespective of clinical symptoms, we were successful in maintaining a comprehensive hematology/oncology service to allow for the continuation of treatment for our patients. Notably, this was achieved without introducing or further transmitting SARS-CoV-2 infections within the unit and the entire center. Although challenging, our approach appears safe and feasible and may help others to set up or optimize their procedures for cancer treatment or for other exceedingly vulnerable patient cohorts.

Supervised Injection Facilities as Harm Reduction: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy W. Levengood ◽  
Grace H. Yoon ◽  
Melissa J. Davoust ◽  
Shannon N. Ogden ◽  
Brandon D.L. Marshall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Harm Reduction ◽  
Supervised Injection ◽  
Supervised Injection Facilities
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