Evaluation of the oral 13C-bicarbonate technique for measurements of energy expenditure in dogs before and after body weight reduction

We showed previously that, at ambient room temperature (22°C), mice maintained at 20% below their initial body weight by calorie restriction expend energy at a rate below that which can be accounted for by the decrease of fat and fat-free mass. Food-restricted rodents may become torpid at subthermoneutral temperatures, a possible confounding factor when using mice as human models in obesity research. We examined the bioenergetic, hormonal, and behavioral responses to maintenance of a 20% body weight reduction in singly housed C57BL/6J +/+ and Lep ob mice housed at both 22°C and 30°C. Weight-reduced high-fat-fed diet mice (HFD-WR) showed similar quantitative reductions in energy expenditure—adjusted for body mass and composition—at both 22°C and 30°C: −1.4 kcal/24 h and −1.6 kcal/24 h below predicted, respectively, and neither group entered torpor. In contrast, weight-reduced Lep ob mice (OB-WR) housed at 22°C became torpid in the late lights-off period (0200–0500) but did not when housed at 30°C. These studies indicate that mice with an intact leptin axis display similar decreases in “absolute” energy expenditure in response to weight reduction at both 22°C and 30°C ambient temperature. More importantly, the “percent” decrease in total energy expenditure observed in the HFD-WR compared with AL mice is much greater at 30°C (−19%) than at 22°C (−10%). Basal energy expenditure demands are ∼45% lower in mice housed at 30°C vs. 22°C, since the mice housed at thermoneutrality do not allocate extra energy for heat production. The higher total energy expenditure of mice housed at 22°C due to these increased thermogenic demands may mask physiologically relevant changes in energy expenditure showing that ambient temperature must be carefully considered when quantifying energy metabolism in both rodents and humans.

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Postprandial Increase in Energy Expenditure Correlates with Body Weight Reduction in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Receiving Diet Therapy

Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis ◽

10.5551/jat.35303 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 24 (4) ◽

pp. 422-429 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Daisuke Sanoyama ◽

Mototsugu Nagao ◽

Akira Asai ◽

Yuko Nakamura ◽

Kazumi Sato ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Body Weight ◽

Energy Expenditure ◽

Weight Reduction ◽

Diet Therapy ◽

Body Weight Reduction

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GH Responsiveness Before and After a 3-Week Multidisciplinary Body Weight Reduction Program Associated with an Incremental Respiratory Muscle Endurance Training in Obese Adolescents

Hormone and Metabolic Research ◽

10.1055/s-0033-1354403 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 46 (01) ◽

pp. 59-64 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

A. Rigamonti ◽

F. Agosti ◽

A. Patrizi ◽

G. Tringali ◽

R. Fessehatsion ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Endurance Training ◽

Weight Reduction ◽

Respiratory Muscle ◽

Muscle Endurance ◽

Weight Reduction Program ◽

Body Weight Reduction ◽

Reduction Program ◽

Before And After ◽

Respiratory Muscle Endurance

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Effects of a 3-Week In-Hospital Multidisciplinary Body Weight Reduction Program in Obese Females: Is Measured Resting Energy Expenditure Essential for Tailoring Adequately the Amount of Energy Intake?

Frontiers in Nutrition ◽

10.3389/fnut.2021.678788 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

Sofia Tamini ◽

Sabrina Cicolini ◽

Diana Caroli ◽

Alessandro Sartorio

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Energy Expenditure ◽

Energy Intake ◽

Weight Reduction ◽

Resting Energy Expenditure ◽

Weight Reduction Program ◽

Body Weight Reduction ◽

Diet Plan ◽

Reduction Program ◽

Severely Obese

In the obese population, the prescription of a proper diet plan is essential to ensure an appropriate and gradual weight loss, reduce the risk of weight cycling and favor an overall improvement of health conditions. Energy needs are commonly estimated using predictive equations, even if their accuracy is still debated, especially in severely obese subjects. In the present study, 850 severely obese females admitted to our hospital for a multidisciplinary body weight reduction program (BWRP) were divided into three subgroups, “hypo-,” “normo-,” and “hyper-metabolic,” based on the comparison between estimated resting energy expenditure (eREE, using the Mifflin equation) and measured REE (mREE, using indirect calorimetry). The majority of this study population was considered normo-metabolic (59.4%, mREE between 90 and 110% of eREE), 32.6% was hyper-metabolic (mREE > 110% of eREE) and only 8% was hypo-metabolic (mREE < 90% of eREE). The three subgroups were evaluated before and after a 3-week BWRP, entailing energy restricted diet, adapted physical activity, psychological counseling and nutritional education. Since the diet plan during the BWRP consisted of a 30% reduction of total energy expenditure (obtained by multiplying mREE by the physical activity level), each subgroup responded positively to the BWRP independently from the difference between mREE and eREE, the extent of BMI reduction and clinical, metabolic and physical amelioration being comparable among the three subgroups. By contrast, the restriction of the energy intake based on eREE during the BWRP would have determined a slighter caloric restriction in the hypo-metabolic subgroup, thus determining a smaller body weight reduction, and, by contrast, a more marked caloric restriction in the hyper-metabolic subgroup, probably difficult to be tolerated and maintained for prolonged period. In conclusion, the percentage of subjects with “slow metabolism” in a Caucasian female obese population seeking hospitalization for a BWRP is actually lower than expected, finding controverting the common notion that obesity is mostly due to reduced REE. The high percentage (40%) of inadequate eREE in these female obese populations further underlines the absolute need to include the measurement of REE in the clinical practice for the correct prescription of energy intake in severely obese populations.

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