scholarly journals Symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder among targets of school bullying

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fanny Carina Ossa ◽  
Reinhard Pietrowsky ◽  
Robert Bering ◽  
Michael Kaess
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
School Bullying ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
Symptom Scale ◽  
Impact Of Event Scale ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
German Children

Abstract Background The aim of this study was to investigate whether bullying among students is associated with symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and whether associations are comparable to other traumatic events leading to PTSD. Methods Data were collected from 219 German children and adolescents: 150 students from grade six to ten and 69 patients from an outpatient clinic for PTSD as a comparison group. Symptoms of PTSD were assessed using the Children’s Revised Impact of Event Scale (CRIES) and the Posttraumatic Symptom Scale (PTSS-10). A 2 × 5 factorial analysis of variance (ANOVA) with the factors gender (male, female) and group (control, conflict, moderate bullying, severe bullying, traumatized) was used to test for significant differences in reported PTSD symptoms. Results Results showed that 69 (46.0%) students from the school sample had experienced bullying, 43 (28.7%) in a moderate and 26 (17.3%) in a severe way. About 50% of the severe bullying group reached the critical cut-off point for suspected PTSD. While the scores for symptoms of PTSD were significantly higher in bullied versus non-bullied students, no significant differences were found between patients from the PTSD clinic and students who experienced severe bullying. Conclusions Our findings suggest that bullying at school is highly associated with symptoms of PTSD. Thus, prevention of bullying in school may reduce traumatic experiences and consequent PTSD development.

Personality Predictors of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Orphaned Survivors of the Sichuan Earthquake

2010 ◽  
Vol 38 (8) ◽  
pp. 1057-1060 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xingli Zhang ◽  
Mingxin Liu ◽  
Mingjing Zhu ◽  
Jiannong Shi ◽  
Li Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Eysenck Personality Questionnaire ◽  
Personality Questionnaire ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
Impact Of Event Scale ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
Sichuan Earthquake ◽  
Personality Predictors

The personality predictors of posttraumatic stress disorder in orphan survivors after the 2008 Sichuan earthquake in China were investigated. Half a year after the earthquake, 196 preearthquake and 116 postearthquake orphans who survived were recruited. All participants completed the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire for Children (Gong, 1984) and Children's Revised Impact of Event Scale (Smith, Perrin, Dyregrov, & Yule, 2003). The regression analysis showed that the Neuroticism score was the strongest predictor of the severity of PTSD symptoms for both pre- and postearthquake orphans. For the preearthquake orphans, the Extraversion trait predicted Arousal negatively, and the Lie trait predicted Intrusion and Arousal positively. However, for the postearthquake orphans, only the Extraversion trait predicted Avoidance positively.

scholarly journals Posttraumatic Stress Disorder symptoms in persons involved in road accidents and paramedics

2021 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. e515
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Parobkiewicz ◽  
Michał Ziarko ◽  
Julia Krawczyk ◽  
Jagna Jasielska
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Impact Of Event Scale ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact

Aim. The aim of the study was to assess the risk of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among persons involved in road accidents and paramedics. Little is known about similarity or difference of PTSD symptoms between these two groups involved in accident in voluntary and involuntary way. Material and Methods. Persons involved in road accidents (N = 78) and paramedics (N = 106) completed the Polish version of the Impact of Event Scale–Revised.Results. The percentage of those who reported PTSD symptoms was similar and insignificant among persons involved in road accidents (56%) and among paramedics (45%). A significant difference (p < 0,01) was observed between these groups, however. The total PTSD, intrusions, and avoidance were higher for persons involved in road accidents.Conclusions. Victims, perpetrators, and helpers in road accidents were at a similar risk of PTSD. Peritraumatic interventions are recommended for all these groups.

scholarly journals Low Dose Ketamine Infusion for Comorbid Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Chronic Pain: A Randomized Double-Blind Clinical Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 247054702098167
Author(s):  
Alisher R. Dadabayev ◽  
Sonalee A. Joshi ◽  
Mariam H. Reda ◽  
Tamar Lake ◽  
Mark S. Hausman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Impact Of Event Scale ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
Ketamine Infusion

Objective To date, treatment options (i.e. psychotherapy, antidepressant medications) for patients with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), are relatively few, and considering their limited efficacy, novel therapies have gained interest among researchers and treatment providers alike. Among patients with chronic pain (CP) about one third experience comorbid PTSD, which further complicates their already challenging pharmacological regimens. Low dose ketamine infusion has shown promise in PTSD, and in treatment of CP, however they have not been studied in comorbid population and under rigorous control conditions. Methods We compared the effects of a single dose of either ketamine (0.5 mg/kg) or ketorolac (15 mg) over a 40-minute of IV infusion in CP patients with and without PTSD, in double blind, randomized study. Measures were collected before, during, one day and seven days after the infusion. A planned sample size of 40 patients randomly assigned to treatment order was estimated to provide 80% power to detect a hypothesized treatment difference after the infusion. Main Outcome and Measures: The primary outcome measures were change in PTSD symptom severity assessed with the Impact of Event Scale–Revised (IES-R) and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) for pain administered by a study clinician 24 hours post infusion. Secondary outcome measures included Impact of Event Scale–Revised (IES-R), VAS and Brief Pain Inventory (Short Form) for pain 1 week after the infusion. Results Both treatments offered comparable improvement of PTSD and CP symptoms that persisted for 7 days after the infusion. Patients with comorbid PTSD and CP experienced less dissociative side effects compared to the CP group. Surprisingly, ketorolac infusion resulted in dissociative symptoms in CP patients only. Conclusions This first prospective study comparing effects of subanesthetic ketamine versus ketorolac infusions for comorbid PTSD and CP, suggests that both ketamine and ketorolac might offer meaningful and durable response for both PTSD and CP symptoms.

Symptoms of Acute Posttraumatic Stress Disorder After Intensive Care

2008 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 534-543 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Wallen ◽  
Wendy Chaboyer ◽  
Lukman Thalib ◽  
Debra K. Creedy
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Independent Predictor ◽  
Cutoff Score ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Impact Of Event Scale ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
The Impact

Background Admission to intensive care is often a sudden and unexpected event precipitated by a life-threatening condition, 2 determinants thought to influence the development of posttraumatic stress disorder. Objectives To identify the frequency of acute symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder and to describe factors predictive of these symptoms in patients 1 month after discharge from intensive care. Methods In this prospective cohort study, all patients meeting the inclusion criteria during the study period were invited to participate. Participants completed the Impact of Event Scale-Revised, and demographic and clinical data were accessed from an intensive care unit database. Results During a 9-month period, 114 of 137 patients who met the inclusion criteria consented to participate in the study, and 100 (88%) completed it. The mean total score on the Impact of Event Scale-Revised was 17.8 (SD, 13.4; possible range, 0–88). A total of 13 participants (13%) scored higher than the cutoff score for clinical posttraumatic stress disorder. Neither sex nor length of stay was predictive of acute symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder. In multivariate analysis, the only independent predictor of symptoms was age. Patients younger than 65 years were 5.6 times (95% confidence interval, 1.17–26.89) more likely than those 65 years and older to report symptoms. Conclusion The rate of symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder 1 month after discharge from intensive care was relatively low. Consistent with findings of previous research, being younger than 65 years was the only independent predictor of symptoms.

scholarly journals Correction to: Screening for posttraumatic stress disorder in ARDS survivors: validation of the impact of event Scale-6 (IES-6)

Critical Care ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan M. Hosey ◽  
Jeannie-Marie S. Leoutsakos ◽  
Ximin Li ◽  
Victor D. Dinglas ◽  
O. Joseph Bienvenu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Impact Of Event Scale ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
The Impact

PTSD Symptoms of Mothers following Occurrence of a Disaster Affecting Their Children

2002 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 431-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Mirzamani ◽  
Derek Bolton
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
Symptom Scale ◽  
Disorder Symptom

This study investigated the PTSD symptoms of 37 mothers whose adolescent children had been directly involved in a disaster, the Jupiter sinking in 1988. This group included mothers whose children were (a) not diagnosed with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and (b) were diagnosed with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder. The measure used was the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptom Scale. Women whose children were involved in the disaster presented PTSD symptoms. 35% ( n = 13) were diagnosed with PTSD 3 mo. after the disaster, and 8% ( n = 3) of them were diagnosed with PTSD 6 yr. afterward. This effect was greater in the subgroup whose children had developed traumatic stress disorder following the disaster.

Does Writing Reduce Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms?

2003 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 569-580 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela B. Deters ◽  
Lillian M. Range
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
Initial State ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms ◽  
Better Than

To see if writing about their trauma lessened PTSD and related symptoms, 57 undergraduates, previously screened for traumatic experiences, wrote for 15 minutes on 4 days across 2 weeks about either their trauma or a trivial topic. They reported PTSD, impact, suicide ideas, dissociation, and depression pre-, post-, and at 6-week follow-up testing. Trauma and trivial writers were not different. Surprisingly, at follow-up everyone reported less severe PTSD symptoms, impact, and dissociation, and fewer health visits, but about the same suicidal ideation and depression. On PTSD symptoms and impact, the pattern of improvement was different: Those writing about trauma got worse at posttesting, but improved to better than their initial state by follow-up. Those writing about a trivial topic got better by posttesting, and held that position at follow-up. In this project, writing seemed to reduce PTSD symptoms regardless of whether it concerned the trauma or what they ate for lunch.

scholarly journals A Communicative Intervention to Improve the Psychoemotional State of Critical Care Patients Transported by Ambulance

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-54
Author(s):  
Marta Prats Arimon ◽  
Montserrat Puig Llobet ◽  
Juan Roldán-Merino ◽  
Carmen Moreno-Arroyo ◽  
Miguel Ángel Hidalgo Blanco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Critical Care ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Impact Of Event Scale ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms ◽  
Psychoemotional State ◽  
Critical Care Patients

Background Communication is key to understanding the emotional state of critical care patients. Objective To analyze the effectiveness of the communicative intervention known as CONECTEM, which incorporates basic communication skills and augmentative alternative communication, in improving pain, anxiety, and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms in critical care patients transported by ambulance. Methods This study had a quasi-experimental design with intervention and control groups. It was carried out at 4 emergency medical centers in northern Spain. One of the centers served as the intervention unit, with the other 3 serving as control units. The nurses at the intervention center underwent training in CONECTEM. Pretest and posttest measurements were obtained using a visual analog scale to measure pain, the short-version State-Trait Anxiety Inventory to measure anxiety, and the Impact of Event Scale to measure posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms. Results In the comparative pretest-posttest analysis of the groups, significant differences were found in favor of the intervention group (Pillai multivariate, F2,110 = 57.973, P &lt; .001). The intervention was associated with improvements in pain (mean visual analog scale score, 3.3 pretest vs 1.1 posttest; P &lt; .001) and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms (mean Impact of Event Scale score, 17.8 pretest vs 11.2 posttest; P &lt; .001). Moreover, the percentage of patients whose anxiety improved was higher in the intervention group than in the control group (62% vs 4%, P &lt; .001). Conclusion The communicative intervention CONECTEM was effective in improving psychoemotional state among critical care patients during medical transport.

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