scholarly journals Tailoring renewable materials via plant biotechnology

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisanne de Vries ◽  
Sydne Guevara-Rozo ◽  
MiJung Cho ◽  
Li-Yang Liu ◽  
Scott Renneckar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Plant Cell Wall ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Plant Biotechnology ◽  
Complex Structures ◽  
Renewable Materials ◽  
Rich Diversity ◽  
Cell Wall Chemistry ◽  
Renewable Material

AbstractPlants inherently display a rich diversity in cell wall chemistry, as they synthesize an array of polysaccharides along with lignin, a polyphenolic that can vary dramatically in subunit composition and interunit linkage complexity. These same cell wall chemical constituents play essential roles in our society, having been isolated by a variety of evolving industrial processes and employed in the production of an array of commodity products to which humans are reliant. However, these polymers are inherently synthesized and intricately packaged into complex structures that facilitate plant survival and adaptation to local biogeoclimatic regions and stresses, not for ease of deconstruction and commercial product development. Herein, we describe evolving techniques and strategies for altering the metabolic pathways related to plant cell wall biosynthesis, and highlight the resulting impact on chemistry, architecture, and polymer interactions. Furthermore, this review illustrates how these unique targeted cell wall modifications could significantly extend the number, diversity, and value of products generated in existing and emerging biorefineries. These modifications can further target the ability for processing of engineered wood into advanced high performance materials. In doing so, we attempt to illuminate the complex connection on how polymer chemistry and structure can be tailored to advance renewable material applications, using all the chemical constituents of plant-derived biopolymers, including pectins, hemicelluloses, cellulose, and lignins.

Insight into plant cell wall chemistry and structure by combination of multiphoton microscopy with Raman imaging

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. e201700164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zsuzsanna Heiner ◽  
Ingrid Zeise ◽  
Rivka Elbaum ◽  
Janina Kneipp
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Plant Cell ◽  
Plant Cell Wall ◽  
Multiphoton Microscopy ◽  
Raman Imaging ◽  
Cell Wall Chemistry ◽  
Insight Into

Bulk and Specialty Chemicals from Plant Cell Wall Chemistry

2020 ◽  
pp. 7-28
Author(s):  
Luciana Ferrand ◽  
Florencia Vasco ◽  
Juliana Gamboa‐Santos
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Plant Cell ◽  
Plant Cell Wall ◽  
Cell Wall Chemistry ◽  
Specialty Chemicals

scholarly journals Monoclonal antibodies against diverse xyloglucan structures as probes for plant cell wall chemistry and ultrastructure

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sami Tuomivaara ◽  
Utku Avci ◽  
Malcolm O'Neill ◽  
Michael G. Hahn ◽  
William S. York
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Plant Cell ◽  
Plant Cell Wall ◽  
Cell Wall Chemistry

scholarly journals Estimation of ferulic acid from selected plant materials by Spectrophotometry and High performance liquid chromatography

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 815-819
Author(s):  
Saratchandran A. Divakaran ◽  
Anitha CT
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Ferulic Acid ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Plant Cell Wall ◽  
Quantitative Estimation ◽  
Hplc Method ◽  
Bamboo Shoot ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Aging Properties

Ferulic acid is an abundant phytophenolic compound present in plant cell wall. Ferulic acid possess anticancer, antioxidant, and anti-aging properties. A simple, sensitive and reproducible spectrophotometric method has been developed for quantitative estimation of ferulic acid from selected plant materials such as rice bran, wheat bran and bamboo shoot. The blue coloured chromogen obtained after the reaction was measured at wavelength of  718 nm for ferulic acid against the blank reagent. The chromogen obeyed linearity over the range of 1?g/ml - 8?g/ml. An HPLC method was also developed for the estimation of ferulic acid from selected plant materials.

scholarly journals Nanotubes effectively deliver siRNA to intact plant cells and protect siRNA against nuclease degradation

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gozde S. Demirer ◽  
Huan Zhang ◽  
Natalie S. Goh ◽  
Roger Chang ◽  
Markita P. Landry
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Plant Cell ◽  
Plant Cell Wall ◽  
Sirna Delivery ◽  
Plant Cells ◽  
Plant Biotechnology ◽  
Intact Plant ◽  
Size Exclusion ◽  
Transcriptional Gene Silencing ◽  
Nuclease Degradation

AbstractPost-transcriptional gene silencing (PTGS) is a powerful tool to understand and control plant metabolic pathways, which is central to plant biotechnology. PTGS is commonly accomplished through delivery of small interfering RNA (siRNA) into cells. While siRNA delivery has been optimized for mammalian systems, it remains a significant challenge for plants due to the plant cell wall. Standard plant siRNA delivery methods (Agrobacteriumand viruses) involve coding siRNA into DNA vectors, and are only tractable for certain plant species. Herein, we develop a nanotube-based platform for direct delivery of siRNA, and show high silencing efficiency in intact plant cells. We demonstrate that nanotubes successfully deliver siRNA and silence endogenous genes owing to effective intracellular delivery and nanotube-induced protection of siRNA from nuclease degradation. This study establishes that nanotubes, which are below the size exclusion limit of the plant cell wall, could enable a myriad of plant biotechnology applications that rely on RNA delivery.

A xyloglucan-induced increase in lettuce germination and seedling elongation is not related to the degradation of the exogenous xyloglucan

Botany ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 91 (12) ◽  
pp. 822-829
Author(s):  
Adaucto B. Pereira-Netto ◽  
Carmen L.O. Petkowicz
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Plant Cell Wall ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Primary Cell ◽  
Size Exclusion ◽  
Primary Cell Wall ◽  
Hymenaea Courbaril ◽  
Cell Wall Assembly

Xyloglucans are the main hemicellulosic polysaccharides found in the primary cell walls of dicots and nongraminaceous monocots. Although xyloglucans are building blocks used in plant cell wall assembly, the function of these molecules in the structure and growth of the primary cell wall remains poorly understood. In this study, we demonstrate that treatment of lettuce seeds with a xyloglucan extracted from cotyledons of Hymenaea courbaril L. (Leguminosae (Fabaceae) – Caesalpinioideae) in the 0.1 to 10 nmol·L−1 range resulted in significantly increased germination percentage. In addition, lettuce seedlings grown in the presence of 500 nmol·L−1 xyloglucan presented a significantly larger length compared with seedlings grown in the absence of xyloglucan. Furthermore, the H. courbaril xyloglucan was not able to reverse a 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid induced inhibition of seedling elongation. High performance size exclusion chromatography (HPSEC) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analyses indicated that the xyloglucan-induced enhancement of germination percentage and seedling elongation in lettuce does not rely on the release of monomers, i.e., glucose, xylose, and galactose from the exogenous xyloglucan.

scholarly journals Modification of plant cell wall chemistry impacts metabolome and microbiome composition in Populus PdKOR1 RNAi plants

2018 ◽  
Vol 429 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 349-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allison M. Veach ◽  
Daniel Yip ◽  
Nancy L. Engle ◽  
Zamin K. Yang ◽  
Amber Bible ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Plant Cell ◽  
Plant Cell Wall ◽  
Microbiome Composition ◽  
Cell Wall Chemistry

In vitro and in vivo polysaccharides assembly: ultrastructural and cytochemical study of growing plant cell wall components.

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 434-435
Author(s):  
D. Reis ◽  
B. Vian ◽  
J. C. Roland
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Plant Cell Wall ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cytochemical Study ◽  
Wall Components

Wall morphogenesis in higher plants is a problem still open to controversy. Until now the possibility of a transmembrane control and the involvement of microtubules were mostly envisaged. Self-assembly processes have been observed in the case of walls of Chlamydomonas and bacteria. Spontaneous gelling interactions between xanthan and galactomannan from Ceratonia have been analyzed very recently. The present work provides indications that some processes of spontaneous aggregation could occur in higher plants during the formation and expansion of cell wall.Observations were performed on hypocotyl of mung bean (Phaseolus aureus) for which growth characteristics and wall composition have been previously defined.In situ, the walls of actively growing cells (primary walls) show an ordered three-dimensional organization (fig. 1). The wall is typically polylamellate with multifibrillar layers alternately transverse and longitudinal. Between these layers intermediate strata exist in which the orientation of microfibrils progressively rotates. Thus a progressive change in the morphogenetic activity occurs.

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