scholarly journals First report of Theileria annulata in Nigeria: Findings from cattle ticks in Zamfara and Sokoto States

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adamu Haruna Mamman ◽  
Vincenzo Lorusso ◽  
Babagana Mohammed Adam ◽  
Goni Abraham Dogo ◽  
Kevin J. Bown ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tick Species ◽  
Theileria Annulata ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Livestock Farming ◽  
Tropical Theileriosis ◽  
First Report ◽  
Cattle Ticks ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Hyalomma Rufipes ◽  
North Western

Abstract Background Ticks and tick-borne pathogens (TBPs) represent a significant economic burden to cattle farming in sub-Saharan Africa including Nigeria. However, in the northern part of this country, where the largest livestock population resides, little is known about the contemporary diversity of ticks and TBPs. This area is particularly vulnerable to climate change, undergoing marked transformation of habitat and associated flora and fauna that is also likely to include ticks. This study aimed to document the occurrence of tick species and Apicomplexan TBPs in cattle from north-western Nigeria. Methods In 2017, ticks were collected from cattle in Zamfara and Sokoto States and identified morphologically. Additionally, a subset of ticks was screened molecularly for the detection of apicomplexan DNA. Results A total of 494 adult ticks were collected from 80 cattle in Zamfara and 65 cattle in Sokoto State. Nine tick species were encountered, among which the presence of one, Hyalomma turanicum, had not previously been recorded in Nigeria. Hyalomma rufipes was the most prevalent tick infesting cattle in Zamfara State (76%), while Hyalomma dromedarii was the most prevalent in Sokoto State (44%), confirming the widespread transfer of this species from camels onto livestock and its adaptation to cattle in the region. Of 159 ticks screened, 2 out of 54 (3.7%) from Zamfara State and 29 out of 105 (27.6%) from Sokoto State harboured DNA of Theileria annulata, the agent of tropical theileriosis. Conclusions This study confirms the presence of a broad diversity of tick species in cattle from north-western Nigeria, providing the first locality records for Zamfara State. The occurrence of H. turanicum indicates a distribution of this tick beyond northern Africa. This study provides the first report for T. annulata in Nigerian ticks. Given its enormous burden on livestock farming in north Africa and across Asia, further investigations are needed to better understand its epidemiology, vector transmission and potential clinical significance in cattle from northern Nigeria and neighbouring Sahelian countries.

scholarly journals First report of Theileria annulata in Nigeria: findings from cattle ticks in Zamfara and Sokoto States

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adamu Haruna Mamman ◽  
Vincenzo Lorusso ◽  
Babagana Mohammed Adam ◽  
Abraham Goni Dogo ◽  
Kevin J Bown ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tick Species ◽  
Theileria Annulata ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Livestock Farming ◽  
Tropical Theileriosis ◽  
First Report ◽  
Cattle Ticks ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Hyalomma Rufipes ◽  
North Western

AbstractBackgroundTicks and tick-borne pathogens (TBPs) represent a significant economic burden to cattle farming in sub-Saharan Africa including Nigeria. However, in the northern part of this country, where the largest livestock population reside, little is known about the contemporary diversity of ticks and TBPs. This area is particularly vulnerable to climate change, undergoing marked transformation of habitat and associated flora and fauna that is also likely to include ticks. This study aimed to document the occurrence of tick species and Apicomplexan TBPs in cattle from North-Western Nigeria.MethodsIn 2017, ticks were collected from cattle in Zamfara and Sokoto States and identified morphologically. Additionally, a subset of ticks were screened molecularly for the detection of Apicomplexan DNA.ResultsA total of 494 adult ticks were collected from 80 cattle in Zamfara and 65 cattle in Sokoto State. Nine tick species were encountered, including seven Hyalomma spp. (i.e. Hyalomma dromedarii, Hyalomma impeltatum, Hyalomma impressum, Hyalomma marginatum, Hyalomma rufipes, Hyalomma truncatum and Hyalomma turanicum), Amblyomma variegatum and Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) decoloratus. All species were present in Zamfara, whereas only five species were found in Sokoto. Hyalomma rufipes was the most prevalent tick infesting cattle in Zamfara State (76.2%), while H. dromedarii was the most prevalent in Sokoto State (43.7%), confirming the widespread transfer of this species from camels onto livestock and its adaptation to cattle in the region.Of 159 ticks screened, 2 out of 54 (3.7%) from Zamfara State and 29 out of 105 (27.6%) from Sokoto State harboured DNA of Theileria annulata, the agent of tropical theileriosis.ConclusionsThis study confirms the presence of a broad diversity of tick species in cattle from North-Western Nigeria, providing the first locality records for Zamfara State. The occurrence of H. turanicum, recorded for the first time in Nigeria, indicates a distribution of this tick beyond Northern Africa.This study provides the first report for T. annulata in Nigeria. Given its enormous burden on livestock farming in North Africa and across Asia, further investigations are needed to better understand its epidemiology, vector transmission and potential clinical significance in cattle from Northern Nigeria and neighbouring Sahelian countries.

scholarly journals First Report of Theileria Annulata in Nigeria: Findings from Cattle Ticks in Zamfara and Sokoto States

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adamu Haruna Mamman ◽  
Vincenzo Lorusso ◽  
Babagana Mohammed Adam ◽  
Abraham Goni Dogo ◽  
Kevin Bown ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tick Species ◽  
Theileria Annulata ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Livestock Farming ◽  
Tropical Theileriosis ◽  
First Report ◽  
Boophilus Decoloratus ◽  
Cattle Ticks ◽  
Hyalomma Rufipes ◽  
North Western

Abstract Background Ticks and tick-borne pathogens (TBPs) represent a significant economic burden to cattle farming in sub-Saharan Africa including Nigeria. However, in the northern part of this country, where the largest livestock population reside, little is known about the contemporary diversity of ticks and TBPs. This area is particularly vulnerable to climate change, undergoing marked transformation of habitat and associated flora and fauna that is also likely to include ticks. This study aimed to document the occurrence of tick species and Apicomplexan TBPs in cattle from North-Western Nigeria. Methods In 2017, ticks were collected from cattle in Zamfara and Sokoto States and identified morphologically. Additionally, a subset of ticks were screened molecularly for the detection of Apicomplexan DNA. Results A total of 494 adult ticks were collected from 80 cattle in Zamfara and 65 cattle in Sokoto State. Nine tick species were encountered, including seven Hyalomma spp. (i.e. Hyalomma dromedarii, Hyalomma impeltatum, Hyalomma impressum, Hyalomma marginatum, Hyalomma rufipes, Hyalomma truncatum and Hyalomma turanicum), Amblyomma variegatum and Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) decoloratus. All species were present in Zamfara, whereas only five species were found in Sokoto. Hyalomma rufipes was the most prevalent tick infesting cattle in Zamfara State (76.2%), while H. dromedarii was the most prevalent in Sokoto State (43.7%), confirming the widespread transfer of this species from camels onto livestock and its adaptation to cattle in the region. Of 159 ticks screened, 2 out of 54 (3.7%) from Zamfara State and 29 out of 105 (27.6%) from Sokoto State harboured DNA of Theileria annulata, the agent of tropical theileriosis.Conclusions This study confirms the presence of a broad diversity of tick species in cattle from North-Western Nigeria, providing the first locality records for Zamfara State. The occurrence of H. turanicum, recorded for the first time in Nigeria, indicates a distribution of this tick beyond Northern Africa. This study provides the first report for T. annulata in Nigeria. Given its enormous burden on livestock farming in North Africa and across Asia, further investigations are needed to better understand its epidemiology, vector transmission and potential clinical significance in cattle from Northern Nigeria and neighbouring Sahelian countries.

Serological survey and metagenomic discovery of potato viruses in Rwanda and Burundi reveals absence of PVY in Burundi and first report of TRV in potatoes in sub Saharan Africa

2021 ◽  
pp. 198487
Author(s):  
Joshua Sikhu Okonya ◽  
Heidy Gamarra ◽  
Anastase Nduwayezu ◽  
Astere Bararyenya ◽  
Jürgen Kroschel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Serological Survey ◽  
First Report ◽  
Potato Viruses ◽  
Sub Saharan

First report of the Sub-Saharan Africa 2 species of the Bemisia tabaci complex in the Southern France

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 679-687 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margarita Hadjistylli ◽  
George K. Roderick ◽  
Nathalie Gauthier
Keyword(s):  
Bemisia Tabaci ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Southern France ◽  
First Report ◽  
Sub Saharan

scholarly journals Acaricidal and Repellence of R. appendiculatus, and GC-MS Chemical Content of Essential Oils from Three South African Ethno-Veterinary Plants

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 1370-1378
Author(s):  
N.M. Mkolo ◽  
B.T. Gumede ◽  
S.R. Magano ◽  
O.O. Olaokun
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
South African ◽  
Tick Infestation ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Tithonia Diversifolia ◽  
Cymbopogon Citratus ◽  
Livestock Farming ◽  
Chemical Content ◽  
Sub Saharan

The advancement of the livestock farming in sub-Saharan Africa is restricted by tick infestation. With conventional pesticides posing a threat to human and the environment, natural products are alternative anti-tick source. This study characterized the essential oils from Tithonia diversifolia, Lavandula angustifolia and Cymbopogon citratus leaves by GC-MS and, for acaricidal and repellence of R. appendiculatus. GC-MS analysis detected various chemical compounds, some of the isolated compounds have anti-tick properties. The repellence of T. diversifolia essential oil at 5% v/v was the weakest against adult ticks. All essential oils at 15% v/v paralysed nymph after 20 mins, with C. citratus after 24 h causing high mortality of nymph and adult ticks. Exposure to L. angustifolia did not achieve 50% mortality after 24 h. All essential oils caused complete inhibition of moulting of engorged larvae. The study demonstrated that the essential oils of the ethno-veterinary plants may be a source of anti-ticks agents.

scholarly journals Correction to: First report of Theileria annulata in Nigeria: Findings from cattle ticks in Zamfara and Sokoto States

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adamu Haruna Mamman ◽  
Vincenzo Lorusso ◽  
Babagana Mohammed Adam ◽  
Goni Abraham Dogo ◽  
Kevin J. Bown ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Theileria Annulata ◽  
First Report ◽  
Cattle Ticks

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.

scholarly journals Estimated incidence of noma “A biologic indicator of poverty” in north central Nigeria: A retrospective cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seidu A. Bello ◽  
John A. Adeoye ◽  
Ifeoluwa Oketade ◽  
Oladimeji A. Akadiri
Keyword(s):  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Central Zone ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
North Central ◽  
Period Prevalence ◽  
The North ◽  
Surgical Mission ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
North Western

ABSTRACTBackgroundNoma is a spreading and devouring disease which is believed to be native to Sub-Saharan Africa over the last decade due to poverty. Within this noma belt, most epidemiological reports regarding the disease have emanated from the north western region of Nigeria. However, our indigenous surgical mission encountered a substantial number of cases noteworthy of epidemiological representation in north central Nigeria.MethodsAll facial cleft and noma cases encountered within the 8 year study period were included into this study. Estimated incidence of the noma in the zone was calculated using the existing statistical model of Fieger et al (2003), which takes into account the expected differences based on age and location of the two patient groups using the multinomial logistic regression analysis. Period prevalence of noma was also calculated by simple division considering the population at risk of the disease in the zone.FindingsA total of 770 subjects were included in this study (orofacial cleft – 692, noma – 78). The incidence estimate of noma in the north central zone was 3.2 per 1000 with a range of 2.6 – 3.7 per 1000. The period prevalence of noma was1:125,000 children. The median age of noma patients was comparatively higher than the median age of facial cleft patients. The mean age of onset of noma was 5.9 ± 8.08 years which was lower than the average age of individuals in the noma group - 29.6 ± 18.84 years.ConclusionAlthough noma may be more prevalent in the north western region of Nigeria; substantial number of cases is still being encountered in the north central zone which calls for urgent attention of relevant health stakeholders regarding the management and rehabilitation of individuals affected.AUTHOR SUMMARYNoma, a devouring facial disease, is commonly associated with poverty and impoverished regions of the world especially Sub-Saharan Africa which is being termed the noma belt region of the world. Although literature established that noma is indeed a neglected disease, the degree of this neglect in north central Nigeria compared to other sub-regions is in fact alarming, as no report on the disease burden have been published till date. In this light, a retrospective, cross-sectional was conducted to provide epidemiological representation to the cases encountered within an eight year period at the Cleft and Facial Deformity Foundation (CFDF), an indigenous surgical mission. The incidence of noma was estimated from the known incidence of orofacial cleft using an existing multinomial logistic regression model while the period prevalence was calculated considering the population living below poverty line in the sub-region. This study extrapolates an incidence of 3.2 per 1000 and a period prevalence of 0.05 per 1000 persons. Notable is the finding that most individuals with noma were above thirty years of age and suffered varying degree of facial disfigurement resulting from the acute phase of the disease which started in their childhood. Therefore, we advocate public awareness on the disease presentation, risk factors and sequelae in the sub-region and identify the need to bolster the efforts of existing health facilities and indigenous surgical missions in the management and rehabilitation of individuals affected.

Adolescent fertility rates in a rural community in north-western Zambia: a retrospective study

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 213-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mwansa Jere
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Adolescent Mothers ◽  
Rural Community ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Fertility Rates ◽  
National Data ◽  
Vulnerable Group ◽  
Adolescent Fertility ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
North Western

Adolescent fertility rate is defined as the number of births per 1000 in women aged 15–19 years. These rates are highest in sub-Saharan Africa. National data from Zambia suggest the rate has declined from 179.6 in 1960 to 87.9 in 2015. A retrospective study was performed at Chitokoloki Mission Hospital using the hospital delivery registers during January 2008 to December 2015. In this period, 945 (20.81%) births were to adolescent mothers. As morbidity is significant in this vulnerable group, strategies to reduce pregnancy rates among these young girls is much-needed.

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