scholarly journals Mimickers of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on chest CT: spectrum of CT and clinical features

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali H. Elmokadem ◽  
Nihal M. Batouty ◽  
Dalia Bayoumi ◽  
Basma N. Gadelhak ◽  
Rihame M. Abdel-Wahab ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Infection ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Chest Ct ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Erroneous Diagnosis ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Clinical Conditions ◽  
Ct Features

AbstractCOVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) is a recently emerged pulmonary infection caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2). It started in Wuhan, China, in December 2019 and led to a highly contagious disease. Since then COVID-19 continues to spread, causing exponential morbidity and mortality and threatening economies worldwide. While the primary diagnostic test for COVID-19 is the reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay, chest CT has proven to be a diagnostic tool of high sensitivity. A variety of conditions demonstrates CT features that are difficult to differentiate from COVID-19 rendering CT to be of low specificity. Radiologists and physicians should be aware of imaging patterns of these conditions to prevent an erroneous diagnosis that could adversely influence management and patients’ outcome. Our purpose is to provide a practical review of the conditions that mimic COVID-19. A brief description of the forementioned clinical conditions with their CT features will be included.

scholarly journals Prediction of the Spatial Origin of Puumala Virus Infections Using L Segment Sequences Derived from a Generic Screening PCR

Viruses ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 694 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiss ◽  
Klempa ◽  
Tenner ◽  
Kruger ◽  
Hofmann
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Signal ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Puumala Virus ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
L Segment ◽  
Virus Strains

To screen diagnostic specimens for the presence of hantavirus genomes or to identify new hantaviruses in nature, the pan-hanta L-PCR assay, a broadly reactive nested reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay targeting the L segment, is highly preferred over other assays because of its universality and high sensitivity. In contrast, the geographic allocation of Puumala virus strains to defined outbreak regions in Germany was previously done based on S segment sequences. We show that the routinely generated partial L segment sequences resulting from the pan-hanta L-PCR assay provide sufficient phylogenetic signal to inform the molecular epidemiology of the Puumala virus. Consequently, an additional S segment analysis seems no longer necessary for the identification of the spatial origin of a virus strain.

scholarly journals Early chest computed tomography to diagnose COVID-19 from suspected patients: A multicenter retrospective study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Congliang Miao ◽  
Mengdi Jin ◽  
Li Miao ◽  
Xinying Yang ◽  
Peng Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ground Glass Opacity ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Chest Ct ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Low Sensitivity ◽  
Chest Ct Scan ◽  
Ct Features

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of this study is to distinguish the imaging features of COVID-19 with other chest infectious diseases and evaluate diagnostic value of chest CT for suspected patients.MethodsAdult suspected patients aged>18 years within 14 days who underwent chest CT scan and reverse-transcription polymerase-chain-reaction (RT-PCR) tests were enrolled. The enrolled patients were confirmed and grouped according to results of RT-PCR tests. The data of basic demographics, single chest CT features, and combined chest CT features were analyzed for confirmed and non-confirmed groups.ResultsA total of 130 patients were enrolled with 54 cases positive and 76 cases negative. The typical CT imaging features of positive group were ground glass opacity (GGO), crazy-paving pattern and air bronchogram. The lesions were mostly distributed bilaterally, close to the lower lungs or the pleura. When features combined, GGO with bilateral pulmonary distribution and GGO with pleural distribution were more common, of which were 31 cases (57.4%) and 30 cases (55.6%) respectively. The combinations were almost presented statistically significant (P<0.05) except for the combination of GGO with consolidation. Most combinations presented relatively low sensitivity but extremely high specificity. The average specificity of these combinations is around 90%.ConclusionsThe combinations of GGO could be useful in the identification and differential diagnosis of COVID-19, which alerts clinicians to isolate patients for treatment promptly and repeat RT-PCR tests until incubation ends.

scholarly journals Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 and Pulmonary Tuberculosis Coinfection: Double Trouble

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhijeet Singh ◽  
Ayush Gupta ◽  
Kamanashish Das
Keyword(s):  
Throat Swab ◽  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Complex ◽  
Swab Sample ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Tuberculosis Complex ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Abstract Background: The ongoing pandemic of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has received worldwide attention by becoming a major global health threat. We encountered one case with COVID-19 and tuberculosis (TB) coinfection which has not been frequently reported. Case presentation: A 76 year old female presented with acute respiratory symptoms superimposed on chronic symptoms, suggestive to have pneumonia. Oropharyngeal throat swab sample for COVID-19 was positive as detected by real-time reverse-transcriptase–polymerase-chain-reaction (RT-PCR) assay. GeneXpert Ultra detected Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex with Rifampicin resistance indeterminate. Patient was treated with appropriate management. Conclusion: Clinicians should suspect coinfection with TB during ongoing pandemic of COVID-19 as therapeutic strategies need to be determined timely to improve outcome and prevent transmission in community.

scholarly journals Use of Chest CT in Combination with Negative RT-PCR Assay for the 2019 Novel Coronavirus but High Clinical Suspicion

Radiology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 295 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peikai Huang ◽  
Tianzhu Liu ◽  
Lesheng Huang ◽  
Hailong Liu ◽  
Ming Lei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chest Ct ◽  
Clinical Suspicion ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
High Clinical Suspicion ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

scholarly journals Development of a Novel, Genome Subtraction-Derived, SARS-CoV-2-Specific COVID-19-nsp2 Real-Time RT-PCR Assay and Its Evaluation Using Clinical Specimens

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 2574 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cyril Chik-Yan Yip ◽  
Chi-Chun Ho ◽  
Jasper Fuk-Woo Chan ◽  
Kelvin Kai-Wang To ◽  
Helen Shuk-Ying Chan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Respiratory Viruses ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Clinical Specimens ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

The pandemic novel coronavirus infection, Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), has affected at least 190 countries or territories, with 465,915 confirmed cases and 21,031 deaths. In a containment-based strategy, rapid, sensitive and specific testing is important in epidemiological control and clinical management. Using 96 SARS-CoV-2 and 104 non-SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus genomes and our in-house program, GolayMetaMiner, four specific regions longer than 50 nucleotides in the SARS-CoV-2 genome were identified. Primers were designed to target the longest and previously untargeted nsp2 region and optimized as a probe-free real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay. The new COVID-19-nsp2 assay had a limit of detection (LOD) of 1.8 TCID50/mL and did not amplify other human-pathogenic coronaviruses and respiratory viruses. Assay reproducibility in terms of cycle threshold (Cp) values was satisfactory, with the total imprecision (% CV) values well below 5%. Evaluation of the new assay using 59 clinical specimens from 14 confirmed cases showed 100% concordance with our previously developed COVID-19-RdRp/Hel reference assay. A rapid, sensitive, SARS-CoV-2-specific real-time RT-PCR assay, COVID-19-nsp2, was developed.

scholarly journals ISOLATION OF NOVEL CORONAVIRUS IN TEARS AND CONJUNCTIVAL SECRETIONS FROM COVID-19 PATIENTS PRESENTING WITH KERATOCONJUNTIVITIS

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
Mittal S ◽  
Tomar R ◽  
Garg A
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Reverse Transcriptase ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

This study aimed to assess the isolation of novel coronavirus in tears and conjunctival secretions by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay from novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients presenting with keratoconjunctivitis.

scholarly journals Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 and Pulmonary Tuberculosis Coinfection: Double Trouble

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhijeet Singh ◽  
Ayush Gupta ◽  
Kamanashish Das
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Throat Swab ◽  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Complex ◽  
Swab Sample ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Tuberculosis Complex ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Abstract The ongoing pandemic of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has received worldwide attention by becoming a major global health threat. We encountered one case of COVID-19 and pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) coinfection which has not been frequently reported. A 76 year old female presented with acute respiratory symptoms superimposed on chronic symptoms, suggestive to have pneumonia. Oropharyngeal throat swab sample for COVID-19 was positive as detected by real-time reverse-transcriptase–polymerase-chain-reaction (RT-PCR) assay. GeneXpert Ultra detected Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex with Rifampicin resistance indeterminate. Patient was conservatively treated with appropriate management. Clinicians should suspect COVID-19 coinfection with pulmonary TB while treating during ongoing pandemic as therapeutic strategies need to be determined accordingly to improve outcome and prevent transmission in community.

scholarly journals Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 and Pulmonary Tuberculosis Coinfection: Double Trouble

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhijeet Singh ◽  
Ayush Gupta ◽  
Kamanashish Das
Keyword(s):  
Throat Swab ◽  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Complex ◽  
Swab Sample ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Tuberculosis Complex ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Abstract Background: The ongoing pandemic of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has received worldwide attention by becoming a major global health threat. We encountered one case with COVID-19 and tuberculosis (TB) coinfection which has not been frequently reported. Case presentation: A 76 year old female presented with acute respiratory symptoms superimposed on chronic symptoms, suggestive to have pneumonia. Oropharyngeal throat swab sample for COVID-19 was positive as detected by real-time reverse-transcriptase–polymerase-chain-reaction (RT-PCR) assay. GeneXpert Ultra detected Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex with Rifampicin resistance indeterminate. Patient was treated with appropriate management. Conclusion: Clinicians should suspect coinfection with TB during ongoing pandemic of COVID-19 as therapeutic strategies need to be determined timely to improve outcome and prevent transmission in community.

scholarly journals Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 and Pulmonary Tuberculosis Coinfection: Double Trouble

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhijeet Singh ◽  
Ayush Gupta ◽  
Kamanashish Das
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Throat Swab ◽  
Sputum Smear ◽  
Swab Sample ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Abstract The ongoing pandemic of novel coronavirus Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus - 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has received worldwide attention by becoming a major global health threat. We encountered one case of SARS-CoV-2 and pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) coinfection which has not been frequently reported. A 76 year old female presented with acute respiratory symptoms superimposed on chronic symptoms, suggestive to have pneumonia. Oropharyngeal throat swab sample for SARS-CoV-2 infection was positive as detected by real-time reverse-transcriptase–polymerase-chain-reaction (RT-PCR) assay. Sputum smear staining was positive for acid fast bacilli. Clinicians should suspect coinfection with pulmonary TB while treating Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) during ongoing pandemic as therapeutic strategies need to be determined accordingly to improve outcome and prevent transmission in community.

scholarly journals Association between Clinical, Laboratory and CT Characteristics and RT-PCR Results in the Follow-up of COVID-19 patients

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hang Fu ◽  
Huayan Xu ◽  
Na Zhang ◽  
Hong Xu ◽  
Zhenlin Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Reverse Transcriptase ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Chest Ct ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Radiological Data ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Ct Features

AbstractBackgroundSince December 2019, more than 100,000 coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients have been confirmed globally based on positive viral nucleic acids with real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). However, the association between clinical, laboratory and CT characteristics and RT-PCR results is still unclear. We sought to examine this association in detail, especially in recovered patients.MethodsWe analysed data from 52 confirmed patients who had been discharged with COVID-19. The clinical, laboratory, and radiological data were dynamically recorded and compared with the admission and follow-up RT-PCR results.ResultsIn this cohort, 52 admitted COVID-19 patients who had confirmed positive RT-PCR results were discharged after 2 rounds of consecutively negative RT-PCR results. Compared with admission levels, CRP levels (median 4.93 mg/L [IQR: 1.78-10.20]) decreased significantly (p<0.001). and lymphocyte counts (median 1.50×109/L [IQR: 1.11-1.88]) increased obviously after obtaining negative RT-PCR results (p<0.001). Additionally, substantially improved inflammatory exudation was observed on chest CT except for 2 progressed patients. At the two-week follow-up after discharge, 7 patients had re-positive RT-PCR results, including the abovementioned 2 progressed patients. Among the 7 patients, new GGO was demonstrated in 2 patients. There were no significant differences in CPR levels or lymphocyte counts when comparing the negative and re-positive PCT results (all p >0.05).ConclusionHeterogeneity between CT features and RT-PCR results was found in COVID-19, especially in some recovered patients with negative RT-PCR results. Our study highlights that both RT-PCR and chest CT should be considered as the key determinants for the diagnosis and management of COVID-19 patients.

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