How to survey classical swine fever in wild boar (Sus scrofa) after the completion of oral vaccination? Chasing away the ghost of infection at different spatial scales

Classical swine fever is a highly contagious viral disease that affects domestic and wild suids and could cause important economic losses. It is the most dangerous infectious disease of the wild boar that can cause severe death in densely populated areas. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of endoparasites on the oral vaccination against classical swine fever in wild boar. The study compared classical swine fever antibody titres in wild boar treated and untreated with antiparasitics. Fourteen six-month-old wild boar piglets were tested via direct ELISA to detect specific antibodies in blood serum after vaccination. Before the vaccination, one group of piglets was administered antiparasitic therapy; the other group of animals remained untreated. Twenty-eight days post vaccination, piglets from the first group (free of parasites) showed significantly (P = 0.0015) higher concentrations of specific antibodies than the infected animals. Obtained results proved that parasitic infections substantially influence the efficacy of oral vaccination against classical swine fever and may support the ability of the virus to produce infectious diseases and its transmission in the wild boar population. For that reason, antiparasitic therapy of wild boar populations before their vaccination is highly recommended in order to increase the vaccine’s efficacy.

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Long-term monitoring of classical swine fever in wild boar (Sus scrofa sp.) using serological data

Veterinary Research ◽

10.1051/vetres:2004050 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 36 (1) ◽

pp. 27-42 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

Sophie Rossi ◽

Marc Artois ◽

Dominique Pontier ◽

Catherine Cruci�re ◽

Jean Hars ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wild Boar ◽

Sus Scrofa ◽

Classical Swine Fever ◽

Long Term Monitoring ◽

Serological Data ◽

Term Monitoring

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THE CHALLENGE OF DETECTING CLASSICAL SWINE FEVER VIRUS CIRCULATION IN WILD BOAR (SUS SCROFA): SIMULATION OF SAMPLING OPTIONS

Journal of Wildlife Diseases ◽

10.7589/2015-09-240 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 52 (4) ◽

pp. 828-836 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Jana Sonnenburg ◽

Katja Schulz ◽

Sandra Blome ◽

Christoph Staubach

Keyword(s):

Wild Boar ◽

Classical Swine Fever Virus ◽

Sus Scrofa ◽

Classical Swine Fever ◽

Fever Virus

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Monitoring of Classical Swine Fever in Wild Boar (Sus scrofa) in Slovenia

Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series B ◽

10.1111/j.1439-0450.2006.00947.x ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 53 (5) ◽

pp. 247-249 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

G. Vengust ◽

J. Grom ◽

A. Bidovec ◽

M. Kramer

Keyword(s):

Wild Boar ◽

Sus Scrofa ◽

Classical Swine Fever

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Incidence and persistence of classical swine fever in free-ranging wild boar (Sus scrofa)

Epidemiology and Infection ◽

10.1017/s0950268804003553 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 133 (3) ◽

pp. 559-568 ◽

Cited By ~ 45

Author(s):

S. ROSSI ◽

E. FROMONT ◽

D. PONTIER ◽

C. CRUCIÈRE ◽

J. HARS ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Social Structure ◽

Wild Boar ◽

Sus Scrofa ◽

Local Density ◽

Initial Density ◽

Classical Swine Fever ◽

Factors Influencing ◽

Management Measures ◽

Starting Point ◽

Free Ranging

Although veterinary authorities aim to limit persistence of classical swine fever (CSF) in wild boar (Sus scrofa), to avoid potential transmission to pigs, factors influencing CSF transmission and persistence are not clearly understood. Here we analyse incidence and persistence in a CSF epidemic that occurred in the French Vosges Forest. Higher incidence was found in large forests compared to smaller isolated ones, being highest near the starting point of the epidemic, but poorly related to the local density. We hypothesize that the spatial and social structure of wild boar populations may be responsible for this variability of incidence over space. Persistence was highest near the starting point of the epidemic and where initial density was highest. We hypothesize that persistence was favoured by the abundance of young wild boar, itself encouraged by CSF. Our results allow us to propose management measures aimed at limiting CSF persistence.

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Pestivirus control programs: how far have we come and where are we going?

Animal Health Research Reviews ◽

10.1017/s1466252315000092 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. 83-87 ◽

Cited By ~ 44

Author(s):

Volker Moennig ◽

Paul Becher

Keyword(s):

Wild Boar ◽

Control Strategies ◽

Classical Swine Fever ◽

Oral Vaccination ◽

Live Vaccines ◽

Control Programs ◽

Major Threat ◽

Bovine Virus Diarrhea ◽

The World ◽

Successful Control

AbstractClassical swine fever (CSF) is endemic in large parts of the world and it is a major threat to the pig industry in general. Vaccination and stamping out have been the most successful tools for the control and elimination of the disease. The systematic use of modified live vaccines (MLV), which are very efficacious and safe, has often preceded the elimination of CSF from regions or countries. Oral vaccination using MLV is a powerful tool for the elimination of CSF from wild boar populations. Bovine virus diarrhea (BVD) is endemic in bovine populations worldwide and programs for its control are only slowly gaining ground. With two genotypes BVD virus (BVDV) is genetically more diverse than CSF virus (CSFV). BVDV crosses the placenta of pregnant cattle resulting in the birth of persistently infected (PI) calves. PI animals shed enormous amounts of virus for the rest of their lives and they are the reservoir for the spread of BVDV in cattle populations. They are the main reason for the failure of conventional control strategies based on vaccination only. In Europe two different approaches for the successful control of BVD are being used: Elimination of PI animals without or with the optional use of vaccines, respectively.

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