Understanding freehand gestures: a study of freehand gestural interaction for immersive VR shopping applications

AbstractUnlike retail stores, in which the user is forced to be physically present and active during restricted opening hours, online shops may be more convenient, functional and efficient. However, traditional online shops often have a narrow bandwidth for product visualizations and interactive techniques and lack a compelling shopping context. In this paper, we report a study on eliciting user-defined gestures for shopping tasks in an immersive VR (virtual reality) environment. We made a methodological contribution by providing a varied practice for producing more usable freehand gestures than traditional elicitation studies. Using our method, we developed a gesture taxonomy and generated a user-defined gesture set. To validate the usability of the derived gesture set, we conducted a comparative study and answered questions related to the performance, error count, user preference and effort required from end-users to use freehand gestures compared with traditional immersive VR interaction techniques, such as the virtual handle controller and ray-casting techniques. Experimental results show that the freehand-gesture-based interaction technique was rated to be the best in terms of task load, user experience, and presence without the loss of performance (i.e., speed and error count). Based on our findings, we also developed several design guidelines for gestural interaction.

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User-Involved Preference Elicitation for Product Search and Recommender Systems

AI Magazine ◽

10.1609/aimag.v29i4.2200 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 29 (4) ◽

pp. 93 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

Pearl Pu ◽

Li Chen

Keyword(s):

Recommender Systems ◽

State Of The Art ◽

Preference Elicitation ◽

Design Guidelines ◽

User Preferences ◽

The State ◽

User Preference ◽

Large Collection ◽

Complete Model ◽

Product Search

We address user system interaction issues in product search and recommender systems: how to help users select the most preferential item from a large collection of alternatives. As such systems must crucially rely on an accurate and complete model of user preferences, the acquisition of this model becomes the central subject of our paper. Many tools used today do not satisfactorily assist users to establish this model because they do not adequately focus on fundamental decision objectives, help them reveal hidden preferences, revise conflicting preferences, or explicitly reason about tradeoffs. As a result, users fail to find the outcomes that best satisfy their needs and preferences. In this article, we provide some analyses of common areas of design pitfalls and derive a set of design guidelines that assist the user in avoiding these problems in three important areas: user preference elicitation, preference revision, and explanation interfaces. For each area, we describe the state-of-the-art of the developed techniques and discuss concrete scenarios where they have been applied and tested.

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Designing Speech Displays for Telephone Information Systems

Proceedings of the Human Factors Society Annual Meeting ◽

10.1177/154193128803200401 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 32 (4) ◽

pp. 215-218 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

David W. Herlong ◽

Beverly H. Williges

Keyword(s):

Information Systems ◽

Speech Rate ◽

Design Guidelines ◽

User Preference ◽

Specific Information ◽

Search Performance ◽

Male And Female ◽

Information Display ◽

Female Voices ◽

Different Levels

This study used a computer-driven telephone information system as a real-time human-computer interface to simulate applications where synthetic speech is used to access data. Subjects used a telephone keypad to search though an automated department store database to locate and transcribe specific information messages. Because speech provides a sequential and transient information display, users may have difficulty navigating through auditory databases. One issue investigated in this study was whether the alternate use of male and female voices to code different levels of the database would improve user search performance. Other issues investigated were the basic intelligibility of these male and female voices as influenced by different levels of speech rate. All factors were assessed as functions of search or transcription task performance and user preference. Analysis of transcription accuracy, user search efficiency and time, and subjective ratings revealed an overall significant effect of speech rate on all groups of measures but no significant effects for voice type or coding scheme. Results were used to recommend design guidelines for developing speech displays for telephone information systems.

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Designing a Willing-to-Use-in-Public Hand Gestural Interaction Technique for Smart Glasses

Proceedings of the 2016 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems ◽

10.1145/2858036.2858436 ◽

2016 ◽

Cited By ~ 45

Author(s):

Yi-Ta Hsieh ◽

Antti Jylhä ◽

Valeria Orso ◽

Luciano Gamberini ◽

Giulio Jacucci

Keyword(s):

Interaction Technique ◽

Smart Glasses ◽

Gestural Interaction

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Single Line Display Menu

Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting ◽

10.1177/154193129503900503 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 39 (5) ◽

pp. 306-310 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sung H. Han ◽

Jiyoung Kwahk

Keyword(s):

Search Task ◽

Design Guidelines ◽

Consumer Products ◽

User Preference ◽

Single Line ◽

Search Performance ◽

Target Search ◽

Search Tasks ◽

Single Target ◽

Speed Accuracy

Many electronic consumer products use a single line display which is capable of presenting a limited number of characters at a time. Although many design guidelines have been proposed, they are applicable only to the menus on ordinary CRT displays. This study examined the effects of four different variables: menu structure, user experience, navigation aid, and number of target items on designing the menu on a single line display. Four dependent measures, speed, accuracy, efficiency, and user preference of a target search task, were collected. The results showed that the 82 structure turned out to be an optimal menu structure for single-line display menus. The navigation aid improved the search performance of the inexperienced. Interestingly, multiple target search tasks recorded a better performance than single target search tasks. Based on the results, design implications were discussed.

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Evaluation of 1D Selection Techniques for Mobile Visualizations

10.31219/osf.io/4xv9s ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Michail Schwab ◽

Aditeya Pandey ◽

Michelle Borkin

Keyword(s):

Data Visualization ◽

Visual Feedback ◽

Interaction Design ◽

User Study ◽

Design Guidelines ◽

Interaction Technique ◽

Selection Accuracy ◽

Touch Interaction ◽

Data Density ◽

Data Points

In spite of growing demand for mobile data visualization, few design guidelines exist to address its many challenges including small screens and low touch interaction precision. Both of these challenges can restrict the number of data points a user can reliably select and view in more detail, which is a core requirement for interactive data visualization. In this study, we present a comparison of the conventional tap technique for selection with three variations including visual feedback to understand which interaction technique allows for optimal selection accuracy. Based on the results of the user study, we provide actionable solutions to improve interaction design for mobile visualizations. We find that visual feedback, such as selection with a handle, improves selection accuracy three- to fourfold compared to tap selection. With a 75% accuracy, users could select a target item among 176 items total using the handle, but only from 60 items using tap. On the other hand, techniques with visual feedback took about twice as long per selection when compared to tap. We conclude designers should use selection techniques with visual feedback when the data density is high and improved selection precision is required for a visualization.

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Evaluating the Effect of Timeline Shape on Visualization Task Performance

10.31219/osf.io/2kdb9 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Sara Di Bartolomeo ◽

Aditeya Pandey ◽

Aristotelis Sigiouan Leventidis ◽

David Saffo ◽

Uzma Haque Syeda ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Task Performance ◽

Completion Time ◽

Design Guidelines ◽

User Preference ◽

Amazon Mechanical Turk ◽

Task Completion ◽

Horizontal Line ◽

Data Types ◽

Task Completion Time ◽

Event Sequences

Timelines are commonly represented on a horizontal line, which is not necessarily the most effective way to visualize temporal event sequences. However, few experiments have evaluated how timeline shape influences task performance. We present the design and results of a controlled experiment run on Amazon Mechanical Turk (n=192) in which we evaluate how timeline shape affects task completion time, correctness, and user preference. We tested 12 combinations of 4 shapes --- horizontal line, vertical line, circle, and spiral --- and 3 data types --- recurrent, non-recurrent, and mixed event sequences. We found good evidence that timeline shape meaningfully affects user task completion time but not correctness and that users have a strong shape preference. Building on our results, we present design guidelines for creating effective timeline visualizations based on user task and data types. A free copy of this paper, the evaluation stimuli and data, and code are available at https://osf.io/qr5yu/

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Working Memory Capacity and a Notorious Brain Teaser

Experimental Psychology (formerly Zeitschrift für Experimentelle Psychologie) ◽

10.1027/1618-3169.53.1.123 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 53 (2) ◽

pp. 123-131 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

Wim De Neys ◽

Niki Verschueren

Keyword(s):

Working Memory ◽

Secondary Task ◽

Working Memory Capacity ◽

Memory Capacity ◽

Task Load ◽

Normative Reasoning ◽

Monty Hall Dilemma ◽

Monty Hall ◽

Memory Resources

Abstract. The Monty Hall Dilemma (MHD) is an intriguing example of the discrepancy between people’s intuitions and normative reasoning. This study examines whether the notorious difficulty of the MHD is associated with limitations in working memory resources. Experiment 1 and 2 examined the link between MHD reasoning and working memory capacity. Experiment 3 tested the role of working memory experimentally by burdening the executive resources with a secondary task. Results showed that participants who solved the MHD correctly had a significantly higher working memory capacity than erroneous responders. Correct responding also decreased under secondary task load. Findings indicate that working memory capacity plays a key role in overcoming salient intuitions and selecting the correct switching response during MHD reasoning.

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