Knowledge towards standard precautions among healthcare providers of hospitals in Amhara region, Ethiopia, 2017: a cross sectional study

Abstract Background Literatures revealed that healthcare-associated infections are still a great concern in many developing countries including in Ethiopia. Despite the development of detailed guidelines for infection control, they remain as a critical challenge for the public health sectors and the knowledge of standard precautions among healthcare workers in many developing countries is low and not properly applied. Hence, the present study tried to determine the level of knowledge about standard precautions among healthcare workers of Amhara region, Ethiopia. Methods Institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted on a randomly selected public hospitals of Amhara region, Northwest Ethiopia from March 01–April 01/2017. A multistage sampling strategy was utilized to select 795 sampled healthcare workers. Data were collected using pretested self-administered questionnaire. The collected data entered using EpiData Version 3.1 statistical software and analyzed using SPSS version 20 statistical package. After using binary logistic regression, multivariable logistic regression analysis used to form the model. Variables which had statistically significant association with the outcome variable (P < 0.05) were identified as significant in the multivariable logistic regression analysis. Results Almost half (49.2%) of the study participants were female healthcare workers. Three-fourth (74.3%) of the healthcare workers involved in the current study had good knowledge towards standard precautions. Good knowledge towards standard precautions refers to scoring correct responses to > 60% of knowledge items from the survey. Year of service (AOR: 0.27, 95% CI: 0.16 to 0.44), educational status (AOR: 1.7, 95% CI: 1.13 to 2.56) were among the predictor variables. In addition, physicians were 6.97 times more likely to be knowledgeable (AOR: 6.97, 95% CI 2.42 to 20.12) than laboratory technician/technology counterparts. Study participants working in medical, Gyn/obs, pediatrics wards, and OPD were about 2.23, 4.27, 2.81 and 2.52 times more likely to be knowledgeable than study participants working in surgical ward. Conclusions Overall, the majority of healthcare workers had good knowledge of standard precautions. But variation in knowledge was detected across healthcare workers by hospital type and ward/units. This may help to design a solution by prioritizing the problem.

Download Full-text

Association between H-type hypertension and Cognitive impairment in Kailuan community of China: A cross-sectional study.

10.21203/rs.2.19277/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Xueyu Chen ◽

Hui Xi ◽

Long Ji ◽

Weijia Xing ◽

Haifeng Hou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Practice Management ◽

Health Practice ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Intervention Measures ◽

Study Participants ◽

Over 40 Years

Abstract Background Hypertension (HTN) and hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) have been reported to be independent predictors of cognitive impairment. However, the conclusions were inconsistent and few studies had reported the combination prediction of HTN and HHcy for cognitive impairment. Our study aimed to evaluate the association between H-type HTN, HTN and HHcy and the risk of cognitive impairment.Methods We used a cross-sectional study- participants aged over 40 years, which were selected from Kailuan communities in China. Cognitive impairment was determined by MMSE scale (MMSE<24). Multivariable logistic regression was used to analyze the association of H-type HTN and cognitive impairment, and we also made stratification analysis by age of participants.Results A total of 3454 participants were included in our study, and ≥65 years old was 16.79%; the gender of male was 56.77%. The prevalence of cognitive impairment in the H-type HTN (HTN+/HHcy+) group (10.74%) was significantly higher than other three groups (2.92%, 6.42%, 5.86%, respectively). The logistic regression results showed that participants with H-type HTN was positively associated with cognitive impairment risk (OR = 2.57, 95% CI: 1.38-4.80). Similar results were observed in participants stratified by age (65 years) (<65 years old: OR =2.01, 95% CI: 0.87- 4.67 ; ≥65 years old: OR=3.63, 95% CI: 1.32-10.01).Conclusion Our finding indicated that H-type HTN was positively associated with the risk of cognitive impairment, especially in ≥ 65 years old. H-type HTN could be the major intervention measures to decrease the incidence of cognitive impairment as well as the stroke in Health Practice Management.

Download Full-text

Adherence, Perception of, and Attitude toward Influenza and Flu Vaccination: A Cross-Sectional Study among a Population of Future Healthcare Workers

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph182413086 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (24) ◽

pp. 13086

Author(s):

Emanuele Chittano Congedo ◽

Maria Emilia Paladino ◽

Michele Augusto Riva ◽

Michael Belingheri

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Healthcare Workers ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Vaccine Uptake ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Flu Vaccination ◽

Seasonal Flu ◽

Vaccination Campaigns ◽

Self Protection

Healthcare students (HCSs) represent a target category for seasonal flu vaccination. This study aimed to examine adherence to flu vaccination campaigns from 2016 to 2019 among HCSs and to investigate knowledge and perception of and attitude toward influenza and flu vaccination. This cross-sectional study was conducted among the HCSs of a northern Italian university. Data on adherence, knowledge, perception, and attitude were investigated through an anonymous online self-administered questionnaire. The questionnaire was filled out by 352 out of 392 third-year HCSs (response rate = 90%). The main reason for refusal was the perception of influenza as non-threatening (24.4%), while self-protection was the main reason for adherence (87.5%). A univariate logistic regression analysis revealed some statistically significant associations with the adherence to the 2018–2019 campaign: being a nursing/midwifery student (OR: 4.14; 95% CI: 1.77–9.71) and agreeing with (OR: 19.28; 95% CI: 2.47–146.85) or being undecided (OR: 10.81; 95% CI: 1.33–88.27) about the obligation of vaccination in health facilities. The associations were also evaluated with a multiple logistic regression model. Despite the low vaccine uptake, good knowledge of the risks for HCSs and patients related to flu has emerged. Improving promotion strategies will be necessary to increase the adhesion of future healthcare workers.

Download Full-text

A clinico-epidemiological study of mask induced facial dermatoses due to increased mask usage in general public during COVID-19 pandemic

International Journal of Research in Dermatology ◽

10.18203/issn.2455-4529.intjresdermatol20210574 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 232

Author(s):

Ramesh A. ◽

Thamizhinian K.

Keyword(s):

General Public ◽

Healthcare Workers ◽

Virus Transmission ◽

Face Mask ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

High Humidity ◽

Preventive Strategies ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Study Participants

Background: Since the beginning of COVID-19 pandemic many people started experiencing facial dermatoses like acne due to prolonged mask use and other personal protective equipment’s. Though most of the facial dermatoses due to face mask are reported in healthcare workers, general public are also affected by facial dermatoses due to prolonged mask use. Hence, we decided to undergo a study on different patterns of facial dermatoses due to prolonged mask use in Rajiv Gandhi government general hospital, Chennai. Aim of the study was to find out the incidence of facial dermatoses due to prolonged mask use in general public in the OPD of department of DVL in MMC and RGGGH, Chennai.Methods: This is a cross sectional study conducted at RGGGH during the months august, September and October 2020. The clinico-epidemiological details were collected from 400 patients attending the OPD of department of DVL at MMC and RGGGH.Results: Among 400 study participants with mask induced facial dermatoses, acne (Maskne) was the most common facial dermatoses detected in 43% of participants, followed by Seborrhoea (28%), frictional dermatitis (18%), contact dermatitis (16%), non-specific erythema, cheilitis and other conditions.Conclusions: Mask induced facial dermatoses can occur due to various factors like occlusive effect of mask, hyperhydration, seborrhoea, ambient high humidity due to sweating. As mask usage cannot be abandoned completely due to risk of virus transmission, dermatologists must be aware of the preventive strategies and treatments for mask induced facial dermatoses.

Download Full-text

Proportion of Immediate Postpartum Anaemia and Associated Factors among Postnatal Mothers in Northwest Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Anemia ◽

10.1155/2020/8979740 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Asenake Abebaw ◽

Temesgen Worku Gudayu ◽

Bayew Kelkay

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Mode Of Delivery ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Northwest Ethiopia ◽

Health Concern ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Study Participants

Background. Anaemia is a major global health problem, especially in developing countries. Postpartum anaemia hurts both maternal and newborn baby health. Anaemia in pregnancy is sufficiently emphasized; however, very little attention has been paid to postpartum anaemia in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the proportion of immediate postpartum anaemia and associated factors among postpartum mothers in Debre Markos Referral Hospital. Methods. Institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 424 study participants from August 1st to October 30th, 2019. A systematic random sampling technique was employed to select the study participants. Data were collected through both face-to-face interview and maternal chart review by using a pretested questionnaire. Data were cleaned, coded, and entered using Epi Data version 4.6.0.0 and then exported to SPSS version 24 for analysis. First, binary logistic regression was applied to identify candidate variables for multivariable regression. Then, variables at p value <0.2 were entered into a multivariable logistic regression to control possible confounders. Finally, variables at p value <0.05 were considered as statistically significant. Results. The proportion of immediate postpartum anaemia was 24.3%. Frequency of antenatal care (ANC) visits <4 times [AOR = 2.40; 95% CI (1.29, 4.43)], antepartum haemorrhage (APH) [AOR = 5.08; 95% CI (1.91, 13.55)], postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) [AOR = 4.47; 95% CI (2.25, 8.88)], giving birth assisted by instruments (vacuum or forceps) [AOR = 3.99; 95% CI (1.42, 11.23)], poor adherence to iron and folic acid (IFA) [AOR = 2.52; 95% CI (1.06, 6.04)], and midupper arm circumference (MUAC) <23 cm [AOR = 3.25; 95% CI (1.87, 5.65)] were the predictors. Conclusion. The proportion of immediate postpartum anaemia was a moderate public health concern. ANC, APH, PPH, mode of delivery, adherence to IFA supplementation, and MUAC measurement were the factors affecting the magnitude of anaemia. Therefore, interventions that would address the above mentioned factors need to be implemented.

Download Full-text

Anaemia Prevalence and Contributory Factors among Children in Uttarakhand, India

Asian Journal of Medicine and Health ◽

10.9734/ajmah/2020/v18i230184 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 41-51

Author(s):

Shweta Suri ◽

Anuradha Dutta ◽

Rita Singh Raghuvanshi ◽

Anupama Singh ◽

C. S. Chopra

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Regression Analysis ◽

Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Health Concern ◽

Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Multivariable Logistic Regression ◽

History Of

Background: In India, Anaemia among children is still one of the major nutritional problems of public health concern. Aim of the Study: The aim of the present study was to assess the prevalence of anaemia among Anganwadi children (3-6 years of age) and to determine the important risk factors associated with anaemia. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Study was conducted among 390 Anganwadi children of Udham Singh Nagar district of Uttarakhand, during April, 2019- August, 2019. Methodology: In this cross sectional study, data on socio-demographic, socioeconomic, hygiene and dietary practices were collected using a self-structured questionnaire. Hemoglobin (Hb) and anthropometric measurements were carried out. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was employed to estimate the adjusted odds ratio (AOR). Results: A majority, 70.54% of the Anganwadi children were found to be anaemic, with higher prevalence among male children (51.30%) as compared to female children (48.70%). The mean hemoglobin concentration of children was 9.91 (±1.9 g/dl). Stunting was higher among males (54.83%) as compared to females (45.17%).Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that anaemia was significantly associated with monthly income of family AOR (95% CI) 3.25(2.49, 4.00), mother's illiteracy AOR (95% CI) 1.98 (1.49, 2.46), history of anaemia in mother AOR (95% CI) 1.60(0.67, 2.52 ), history of worms in child's stool AOR (95% CI) 3.17(2.26,4.03), barefoot walking AOR (95% CI) 3.08(2.11,4.04) and lack of habit of hand washing AOR (95% CI) 1.55(0.98, 2.11). Conclusion: The prevalence of anaemia among children was high. Iron supplementation, nutrition education among mothers and overall personal hygiene are important to ameliorate their iron status.

Download Full-text

Effects of medication knowledge on medication adherence among hypertensive patients at Matero level one hospital, Lusaka city, Zambia: a cross sectional study

International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology ◽

10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20212916 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (8) ◽

pp. 893

Author(s):

Martin Kampamba ◽

Farhiyyah Abanur ◽

Christabel Nang’andu Hikaambo ◽

Steward Mudenda ◽

Kennedy Saini ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Medication Adherence ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Uncontrolled Hypertension ◽

Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Improve Medication Adherence ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Medication Knowledge ◽

Hypertensive Patients

Background: Medication adherence is the mainstay to good treatment outcomes. Failure to adhere to medication in hypertensive patients may lead to considerable deterioration of the disease resulting in increased costs of healthcare and mortality. Knowledge about the name of the drug, indications and side effects may enhance medication adherence. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess effects of medication knowledge on medication adherence among hypertensive patients.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study that involved 120 hypertensive patients. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data on demographic characteristics. Adherence was assessed using the 8-item Morisky medication adherence scale while patient’s medication knowledge was assessed using a 7-item scale. Multiple logistic regression was used to assess factors associated with medication adherence.Results: The mean age of participants was 59 years (SD±14.9) and 10 (8.3%), 42 (35%) and 68 (56.7%) had adequate, average and poor medication knowledge respectively. The prevalence of adherence in this study was 37.5%. In multivariable logistic regression analysis, uncontrolled blood pressure (BP) (AOR: 0.38, CI: 0.16-0.90) was associated with lower likelihood of adhering to medication.Conclusions: The adherence level to treatment was low and medication knowledge of hypertensive patients was generally poor. Uncontrolled BP was associated with non-adherence. Patients with uncontrolled hypertension should be given health education and counselling regarding their condition to improve medication adherence.

Download Full-text

Anxiety Levels of Doctors Working in Kolkata during COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-sectional Study

Journal of Comprehensive Health ◽

10.53553/jch.v09i01.006 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 23-31

Author(s):

Ankush Banerjee ◽

Bobby Paul ◽

Aparajita Dasgupta ◽

Madhumita Bhattacharyya ◽

Lina Bandyopadhyay ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Health Care ◽

Logistic Regression ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

High Anxiety ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Multivariable Logistic Regression ◽

Anxiety Levels ◽

Study Participants

Introduction: Doctors are amongst the major frontline health-care providers combating the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic situation. This overwhelming burden has not only resulted in physical exhaustion but also taken a toll on their mental health. It is thus important to determine the anxiety levels among doctors working in Kolkata and identify its associated factors which can serve as important evidence for promotion of mental well-being among them. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was done through online social media platform-based survey from August to October 2020, in Kolkata, among 313 doctors. Levels of anxiety was assessed by the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 scale (modified for COVID-19 pandemic). Univariate and multivariable logistic regression was done to find out the association of risk factors with high anxiety levels among the study participants. Results: Among 313 study participants,31.9% had mild, 22% moderate and 6.4% had severe anxiety levels. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that younger age, female gender, working in government sector, presence of associated co-morbid medical condition, working as designated frontline COVID-19 health-care worker, working in increasing number of high-risk areas in the health facility, poor quality of available personal protective equipment and increasing number of difficulties faced while working had significant association with high anxiety levels. Conclusion: Present study showed that considerable proportion (28.4%) of doctors had high anxiety levels. Maintaining appropriate COVID-19 protocols at the workplace, periodic health check-up to detect co-morbidity at the earliest, counseling services with particular attention to female providers would add on to betterment of their mental health.

Download Full-text

Nearly one-in-five mothers avoid colostrum in North Wollo Zone, Ethiopia: an institution-based cross-sectional study

Journal of Nutritional Science ◽

10.1017/jns.2021.97 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 ◽

Author(s):

Misgan Legesse Liben ◽

Nigus Bililign Yimer ◽

Fentaw Wassie Feleke

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Breast Feeding ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Child Feeding ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Timely Initiation ◽

Multivariable Logistic Regression ◽

North Wollo

Abstract Colostrum contains antibodies that protect the newborn against disease. Despite this fact, many Ethiopian mothers see colostrum feeding as a cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. These mothers believe that colostrum must discard to alleviate this effect. However, the cause of this misconception about colostrum was not well researched, particularly in this study area. The main aim of the present study was to assess colostrum avoidance and associated factors among mothers having children aged 6–59 months in North Wollo Zone, Northeastern Ethiopia. An institution-based cross-sectional study design was used. Descriptive statistics, binary and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used for the statistical analysis. The prevalence of colostrum avoidance was 19 % (95 % CI 15⋅03, 22⋅89 %) among mother–child pair aged 6–59 months. In multivariable logistic regression analysis, the most important predictors were breast-feeding initiation Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) 6⋅369; 95 %, Confidence Interval (CI) (3⋅067, 13⋅224), pre-lacteal feeding AOR 3⋅464; 95 % CI (1⋅721, 6⋅973), shared household decision about child feeding AOR 3⋅585; 95 % CI (1⋅563, 7⋅226), Index child sex AOR 2⋅103; 95 % CI (1⋅015, 4⋅358) and health facility delivery AOR 3⋅033; 95 % CI (1⋅293, 7⋅117). The colostrum avoidance in the present study was 19 %. The study recommends the promotion of institutional delivery, timely initiation of breast-feeding, the shared household decisions about child feeding, avoiding sex preferences and stopping pre-lacteal feeding were critically important.

Download Full-text

Prevalence and Associated Factors of Sleep Quality among Adults in Jimma Town, Southwest Ethiopia: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study

Sleep Disorders ◽

10.1155/2018/8342328 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Hiwot Berhanu ◽

Andualem Mossie ◽

Samuel Tadesse ◽

Daniel Geleta

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Sleep Quality ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Poor Sleep ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Poor Sleep Quality ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Khat Chewing

Background. An estimated 150 million people worldwide and nearly 17% of the populations in the developing nations are currently suffering from sleep problems. The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence and associated factors of sleep quality among adults in Ethiopia.Method. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 422 randomly selected adults using validated and pretested Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Data were entered into EpiData and analyzed using SPSS version 20 considering bivariable (Pvalue < 0.25) and multivariable(P<0.05)logistic regression procedures at 95% confidence interval.Result. The overall prevalence of poor sleep quality (PSQI score > 5) was 65.4% with higher proportion among males (79 (63.0%)) and age group of 40–49 years (174 (28.6%)). A multivariable logistic regression analysis indicated that age category of 40–49 years (AOR = 2 [95% CI (1.1, 3.6)])(P=0.03), monthly income ≤ 1000 ETB (AOR = 2.2 [95% CI (14, 3.5)])(P=0.01), current khat chewing (AOR = 1.8 [95% CI (1.1, 3.1)])(P=0.03), daily khat chewing (AOR = 3.4 [95% CI (1.2, 11.1)])(P=0.04), and obesity (AOR = 1.2 [95% CI (1.3, 2.5)])(P=0.03)were identified as risk factors of poor sleep quality.Conclusion. The current study is informative for government to work on poverty reduction, create awareness for weight reduction, and develop legislation for khat control to prevent poor sleep quality.

Download Full-text

Health, Functional and Nutritional Determinants of Falls Experienced in the Previous Year—A Cross-Sectional Study in a Geriatric Ward

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17134768 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (13) ◽

pp. 4768 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Lukasz Magnuszewski ◽

Marta Swietek ◽

Agnieszka Kasiukiewicz ◽

Bartlomiej Kuprjanowicz ◽

Jan Baczek ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Parkinson’S Disease ◽

Parkinson's Disease ◽

Logistic Regression ◽

Regression Analysis ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Geriatric Ward ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

History Of

Falls are a serious health problem in older adults. A limited number of studies assessed their multifactorial nature in geriatric ward patients. The aim of this study is to explore health, functional and nutritional correlates of experiencing fall(s) in the previous year by older inpatients. A cross-sectional study of patients admitted to the department of geriatrics was conducted. A “faller status” was defined based on positive history of falls in the previous 12 months. Health, functional and nutritional factors associated with falls were evaluated, and multivariable logistic regression analysis models were built. A total of 358 patients (median age 82 (IQR 76–86) years, 77.9% women) were recruited, 43.9% of whom reported falls. The “fallers” presented with a significantly higher number of chronic diseases, higher prevalence of Parkinson’s disease, peripheral arterial disease, chronic osteoarthritis, more frequently reported urinary incontinence and were dependent on others for daily living activities. They had significantly worse results for the assessment of gait, balance and frailty status. The Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form scores and the mean value of serum albumin were significantly lower in the fallers’ group. Parkinson’s disease (OR = 2.82, CI—1.07–7.45; p = 0.04) and osteoarthritis (OR = 2.08, CI—1.02–4.23; p = 0.04) were the main variables for the outcome prediction, according to the direct multivariable logistic regression analysis. Our findings suggest that Parkinson’s disease and osteoarthritis are the main predictors independently associated with a history of falls in patients admitted to the geriatric ward, although the influence of some factors may be underestimated due to the tendency of not taking the history of falls in very frail, functionally dependent and bedridden individuals.

Download Full-text