scholarly journals Gender-specific responses to multifaceted factors associated with disordered eating among adolescents of 7th to 9th grade

2022 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Duan-Rung Chen ◽  
Grace Sun ◽  
Brianna Levin
Keyword(s):  
Disordered Eating ◽  
Peer Acceptance ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Peer Pressure ◽  
Specific Weight ◽  
Eating Attitudes ◽  
Immigrant Parents ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
9Th Grade ◽  
Gender Specific

Abstract Background The prevalence of disordered eating is increasing among adolescents in Asia. The prevalence and predictors of disordered eating in boys have often gone unrecognized. This study examined gender-specific responses to multifaceted factors associated with disordered eating, including personal, behavioral, family, and school-related characteristics. Methods After excluding responses with incomplete information, a sample of 729 adolescents (48.97% boys) between the ages of 13 and 16 were surveyed through convenience sampling from 37 classrooms in three junior high schools in New Taipei City of Taiwan were analyzed. The Eating Attitudes Test-26 questionnaire was used to identify disordered eating. Results No difference in the prevalence of disordered eating between the genders was found. Adolescent girls exhibit a preoccupation with fatness and a desire to be thinner, whereas boys are more likely to engage in extreme dieting behaviors such as vomiting, keeping the stomach empty, and avoiding sweets. Girls engaging in disordered eating reported relatively high levels of interpersonal stress involving family member weight-teasing, low peer acceptance, and high peer pressure to control weight. High intensity of regular exercise was found in girls with disordered eating. The perception of body weight is a more critical factor of engaging in disordered eating for boys than girls. Adolescents with immigrant parents were associated with disordered eating among both genders. Conclusions Changing gender-specific weight-related norms in schools and families is essential to reduce the prevalence of disordered eating, particularly among girls. Future studies using representative samples to confirm this study’s findings are warranted.

Differential Item Functioning in Brief Instruments of Disordered Eating

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 823-833 ◽  
Author(s):  
Desiree Thielemann ◽  
Felicitas Richter ◽  
Bernd Strauss ◽  
Elmar Braehler ◽  
Uwe Altmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Item Functioning ◽  
Disordered Eating ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Eating Attitudes ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
German Population ◽  
Test Fairness ◽  
Item Functioning ◽  
Multiple Indicator

Abstract. Most instruments for the assessment of disordered eating were developed and validated in young female samples. However, they are often used in heterogeneous general population samples. Therefore, brief instruments of disordered eating should assess the severity of disordered eating equally well between individuals with different gender, age, body mass index (BMI), and socioeconomic status (SES). Differential item functioning (DIF) of two brief instruments of disordered eating (SCOFF, Eating Attitudes Test [EAT-8]) was modeled in a representative sample of the German population ( N = 2,527) using a multigroup item response theory (IRT) and a multiple-indicator multiple-cause (MIMIC) structural equation model (SEM) approach. No DIF by age was found in both questionnaires. Three items of the EAT-8 showed DIF across gender, indicating that females are more likely to agree than males, given the same severity of disordered eating. One item of the EAT-8 revealed slight DIF by BMI. DIF with respect to the SCOFF seemed to be negligible. Both questionnaires are equally fair across people with different age and SES. The DIF by gender that we found with respect to the EAT-8 as screening instrument may be also reflected in the use of different cutoff values for men and women. In general, both brief instruments assessing disordered eating revealed their strengths and limitations concerning test fairness for different groups.

scholarly journals Predictors of disordered eating in adolescence and young adulthood

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dawit Shawel Abebe ◽  
Leila Torgersen ◽  
Lars Lien ◽  
Gertrud S. Hafstad ◽  
Tilmann von Soest
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Disordered Eating ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Early Adolescence ◽  
Developmental Psychopathology ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Specific Risk ◽  
Random Intercept ◽  
Developmental Phases ◽  
Gender Specific

We investigated longitudinal predictors for disordered eating from early adolescence to young adulthood (12–34 years) across gender and different developmental phases among Norwegian young people. Survey data from a population-based sample were collected at four time points (T) over a 13-year time span. A population-based sample of 5,679 females and males at T1 and T2, 2,745 at T3 and 2,718 at T4 were included in analyses, and linear regression and random intercept models were applied. In adolescence, initial disordered eating and parental overprotectiveness were more strongly related to disordered eating among females, whereas loneliness was a stronger predictor for adolescent males. Initial disordered eating during early adolescence predicted later disordered eating more strongly in late- than mid-adolescence. In young adulthood, no significant gender-specific risk factors were found. The findings provide support for both shared and specific risk factors for the developmental psychopathology of disordered eating.

scholarly journals Permanent change of station moves and disordered-eating attitudes and behaviors in prevention-seeking adolescent military-dependents

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 101470
Author(s):  
M.K. Higgins Neyland ◽  
Lisa M. Shank ◽  
Jason M. Lavender ◽  
Alexander Rice ◽  
Rachel Schindler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disordered Eating ◽  
Eating Attitudes ◽  
Military Dependents ◽  
Permanent Change ◽  
Attitudes And Behaviors ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
Disordered Eating Attitudes

scholarly journals Increased Accuracy of Fetal Weight Estimation with a Gender-Specific Weight Formula

2008 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 321-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jörn Siemer ◽  
Tanja Wolf ◽  
Nicola Hart ◽  
Michael Schrauder ◽  
Britta Meurer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Specific Weight ◽  
Fetal Weight ◽  
Weight Estimation ◽  
Fetal Weight Estimation ◽  
Gender Specific

Disordered Eating Attitudes and Behaviors of Dietetics Students

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 299-310
Author(s):  
Daniela Novotny ◽  
Eric Matthews ◽  
Sara M. Powell
Keyword(s):  
Disordered Eating ◽  
Eating Attitudes ◽  
Attitudes And Behaviors ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
Disordered Eating Attitudes

Violence Against Women and Girls

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 153-176
Author(s):  
Josephine Muthami ◽  
Haniel Nyaga Gatumu ◽  
Sahaya G. Selvam ◽  
Wambui J.
Keyword(s):  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Peer Pressure ◽  
Coping Mechanism ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Problem Solving Skills ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Women And Girls ◽  
The Government

The purpose of the study was to highlight the factors associated with violence against women and girls and how they can benefit from therapy. The study was guided by the following objectives: to establish the factors associated with the occurrence of violence, determining the effectiveness of therapy in dealing with survivors of violence, exploring factors influencing or blocking effectiveness of therapy. A cross sectional research design was used in which questionnaires, an interviewing guide, focus group discussion and psychological assessment scale were used to collect study data. A sample of 75 women and girls was purposively selected from health facilities, counselling centres, chief camps, police station, NGOs and CBOs within Kibra Constituency. All respondents were females aged 18 years and above. The findings showed that all the respondents (100%) had been exposed to violence. The respondents who reported physical abuse were 30%, sexual abuse was reported by 10%, psychological and emotional abuse was reported by 16%, financial coercion was reported by 15%, neglect of children and duty by 13%, and verbal assault was reported by 16%.  Further, the results showed that the most common victims of violence are expectant mothers and children who are under the care of irresponsible persons. The most reported people to perpetrate violence were cited to be men. The responses given by the respondents as factors that trigger violence are: Previous assaults (61%), cultural expectations (61%), alcohol abuse and other drugs (49%), poor communication skills (49%), poor problem solving skills (49%), perpetrator outstretched demands on resources (49%), infidelity(37%), unemployment (37%), peer pressure (37%), frustration emanating from blocked goals (24%), childlessness (24%) and  personality traits (12%). Violence against women and girls impact negatively on their lives. The most common negative impact mentioned are depression by 75 respondents, children suffering cited by 65 respondents, family disintegration cited by 56 respondents, non-productivity, physical injury, and anxiety respectively cited  by 46 respondents. The survivors of violence have knowledge of where they can access help in order to cope with the consequences of violence. Of the 75 respondents, 75 of them said that counselling is very helpful. Perseverance is another coping mechanism mentioned by 75 respondents. Separation and keeping quite are strategies mentioned by 65 respondents. Going to hospital is another support and help available mentioned by 56 respondents. The respondents who opted for spiritual intervention were 47 while those who opted to start a business for sustainability were 38. Those who preferred sharing with significant others as a coping mechanism were 28. Last but not least, 18 women indicated that support groups are helpful in dealing with violence. The study recommended that women and girls should be empowered financially and policies put into place to curb violence. The government and other stakeholders should partner to support women and girls to overcome violence in the society.

Eating Behaviour and Perfectionism in Students: A Prospective Study

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
M.J. Soares ◽  
B. Maia ◽  
A.T. Pereira ◽  
A. Gomes ◽  
M. Marques ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disordered Eating ◽  
Eating Behaviour ◽  
Eating Attitudes ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Eating Behaviours ◽  
Abnormal Eating Attitudes ◽  
Abnormal Eating ◽  
T1 And T2 ◽  
One Year ◽  
A Prospective Study

Aim:To investigate the role of perfectionism in the development of disordered eating behaviours.Method:382 female university students completed the Hewitt & Flett MPS and the EAT-40 at baseline, one year after (T1) and two years later (T2).Results:Perfectionism at baseline was significantly associated with long-term abnormal eating attitudes/behaviours. Self-Oriented Perfectionism (SOP) and Socially Prescribed Perfectionism (SPP) were significant predictors of disordered eating behaviours. SOP at baseline was predictive of diet concerns, at T1 and T2. Baseline SPP was correlated with overall eating disturbance at T1 and T2. Regression analysis revealed that only SPP was a significant predictor of bulimic behaviours and social pressure to eat at T1, but not at T2.Conclusion:Our findings contribute to a more clear understanding of the association between perfectionism and eating disorders. SOP and SPP were prospectively associated with abnormal eating attitudes/behaviours and SOP was found to be predictive of diet concerns.

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