scholarly journals Co-designing the pedestrian revolution in Muscat

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo De Siqueira ◽  
Amal Al Balushi
Keyword(s):  
Large Body ◽  
Built Environments ◽  
Single Family ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Physical Maps ◽  
Active Lifestyles ◽  
Combination Of Methods ◽  
Basic Infrastructure ◽  
High Level

Abstract Rapid growth coupled with the prevailing land allocation system in Oman led to a shift from compact dwellings typologies to detached single-family houses, arranged in monofunctional zoning systems that exclusively rely on cars. Due to the sprawled transformation, authorities are unable to provide new neighborhoods with basic infrastructure and attractive open spaces. Consequently, the level of non-communicable diseases is increasing, making urban regeneration programs promoting active lifestyles in built environments a matter of public health. In our research we explore participative-planning strategies to enhance pedestrian activity within existing neighborhoods and regenerate public spaces. We conducted a quantitative survey using a standard walkability scale and physical maps to identify barriers to pedestrian activity. Subsequently, we employed the data to frame culturally sensitive co-creation workshops, gaining in-depth knowledge to guide future redesign proposals. We found that mosques are walking magnets yet engender contrasting views with regard to walkability; finding solutions to the spatial problems could develop them into walkable cores. We also observed that residents were aware of health problems caused by lack of physical activity and how that links with the built environment they inhabit. They were eager to discuss solutions, including alternative governance models, as long as the process was short and produced immediate small interventions with high-level impact on their surroundings. We employed a fine-grained combination of methods to address site-specific challenges. Its quantitative data allows the insertion in a broader discourse and the linkage to a large body of research in walkability. Co-creation workshops, especially city games, proved to be a powerful tool to initiate dialogue on complex spatial negotiation, even in societies where participatory approaches do not have a well-established tradition.

A challenge for historical research: Making data FAIR using a collaborative ontology management environment (OntoME)

Semantic Web ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Francesco Beretta
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
Data Modelling ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Fair Principles ◽  
Active Research ◽  
New Research ◽  
High Level ◽  
Conceptual Data ◽  
Ontology Management

This paper addresses the issue of interoperability of data generated by historical research and heritage institutions in order to make them re-usable for new research agendas according to the FAIR principles. After introducing the symogih.org project’s ontology, it proposes a description of the essential aspects of the process of historical knowledge production. It then develops an epistemological and semantic analysis of conceptual data modelling applied to factual historical information, based on the foundational ontologies Constructive Descriptions and Situations and DOLCE, and discusses the reasons for adopting the CIDOC CRM as a core ontology for the field of historical research, but extending it with some relevant, missing high-level classes. Finally, it shows how collaborative data modelling carried out in the ontology management environment OntoME makes it possible to elaborate a communal fine-grained and adaptive ontology of the domain, provided an active research community engages in this process. With this in mind, the Data for history consortium was founded in 2017 and promotes the adoption of a shared conceptualization in the field of historical research.

One-IPC high-level simulation of microthreaded many-core architectures

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irfan Uddin
Keyword(s):  
Design Space Exploration ◽  
Instruction Set ◽  
Efficient Design ◽  
Simulation Framework ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Detailed Simulation ◽  
High Level ◽  
Many Core ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Multiple Clusters

The microthreaded many-core architecture is comprised of multiple clusters of fine-grained multi-threaded cores. The management of concurrency is supported in the instruction set architecture of the cores and the computational work in application is asynchronously delegated to different clusters of cores, where the cluster is allocated dynamically. Computer architects are always interested in analyzing the complex interaction amongst the dynamically allocated resources. Generally a detailed simulation with a cycle-accurate simulation of the execution time is used. However, the cycle-accurate simulator for the microthreaded architecture executes at the rate of 100,000 instructions per second, divided over the number of simulated cores. This means that the evaluation of a complex application executing on a contemporary multi-core machine can be very slow. To perform efficient design space exploration we present a co-simulation environment, where the detailed execution of instructions in the pipeline of microthreaded cores and the interactions amongst the hardware components are abstracted. We present the evaluation of the high-level simulation framework against the cycle-accurate simulation framework. The results show that the high-level simulator is faster and less complicated than the cycle-accurate simulator but with the cost of losing accuracy.

Stories as Technology: Past, Present, and Future

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger’s Bacon ◽  
Sergey Samsonau ◽  
Dario Krpan ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Good Story ◽  
High Level ◽  
Future Technologies

What is it about a good story that causes it to have life-changing effects on one person and not another? I wonder if future technologies will enable us to develop the type of truly deep and fine-grained understanding of stories as social, cognitive, and emotional technologies that might allow us to answer this question with a high-level of precision.

scholarly journals Entity Type Recognition for Heterogeneous Semantic Graphs

AI Magazine ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Sleeman ◽  
Tim Finin ◽  
Anupam Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Background Knowledge ◽  
Knowledge Bases ◽  
Heterogeneous Data ◽  
Unstructured Data ◽  
Supervised Machine Learning ◽  
Coreference Resolution ◽  
Multiple Sources ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
High Level

We describe an approach for identifying fine-grained entity types in heterogeneous data graphs that is effective for unstructured data or when the underlying ontologies or semantic schemas are unknown. Identifying fine-grained entity types, rather than a few high-level types, supports coreference resolution in heterogeneous graphs by reducing the number of possible coreference relations that must be considered. Big data problems that involve integrating data from multiple sources can benefit from our approach when the datas ontologies are unknown, inaccessible or semantically trivial. For such cases, we use supervised machine learning to map entity attributes and relations to a known set of attributes and relations from appropriate background knowledge bases to predict instance entity types. We evaluated this approach in experiments on data from DBpedia, Freebase, and Arnetminer using DBpedia as the background knowledge base.

scholarly journals LINGKUNGAN VEGETASI SITUS PERCANDIAN PADANG LAWAS DAN TUMBUHAN BALAKA

2011 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-44
Author(s):  
Arfian Arfian
Keyword(s):  
Rain Forest ◽  
Tropical Rain Forest ◽  
Wild Plant ◽  
Tropical Rain Forests ◽  
Rain Forests ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
Lowland Tropical Rain Forest ◽  
Plant Families ◽  
High Level

Based on the results of research on the vegetation around Padang Lawas Temples, Padang Lawas Regency, North Sumatera Province, can be known that Padang Lawas Temple sites are located in vegetation environment of lowland tropical rain forest with a high level diversity of plant families, one of those plant families is Euphorbiaceae with one of its species, Phylanthus emlica. L(Balaka). Phylanthus emlica is a type wild plant that grows open spaces in lowland tropical rain forests. Observing its life characteristic and its habitat, then Balaka plant (Phylanthus emlica) in Padang Lawas Temples’ yards was not planted in purpose planted but grows naturally. Balaka plant (Phylanthus emlica) has different name in every area. In Melayu, this plant is known as malaka. In Minangkabau known as balaka, in Sunda known as malaka and in Java, this plant is known as Kemloko, meanwhile in Madura and Bali this plant is called mlakah ,and karsinta in Flores (NTT)

Explaining continuous improvement

2021 ◽  
pp. 197-210
Author(s):  
John Toner ◽  
Barbara Gail Montero ◽  
Aidan Moran
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Improvement ◽  
Focused Attention ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Skill Maintenance ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Situational Demands ◽  
High Level ◽  
Conscious Processes ◽  
Automated Procedures

The final chapter synthesizes the arguments presented over the course of the book by suggesting that skill execution continues to be governed by conscious processes even after performers have attained a high level of expertise. It argues that skill-focused attention is necessary if experts are to eschew proceduralization and react flexibly to ‘crises’ and fine-grained changes in situational demands. In doing so, it discusses the role played by conscious control, reflection, and bodily awareness in maintaining performance proficiency. It suggests that skill maintenance and continuous improvement are underpinned by the use of both automated procedures (acknowledging that these are inherently active and flexible) and metacognitive knowledge. The chapter concludes by briefly considering how skill-focused attention needs to be applied in both training and performance contexts in order to facilitate continuous improvement.

scholarly journals The delayed effects of flooding a residential building – case study

2019 ◽  
Vol 284 ◽  
pp. 03009
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Straż
Keyword(s):  
Residential Building ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Single Family ◽  
Geotechnical Parameters ◽  
Delayed Effects ◽  
In Situ Conditions ◽  
Formation Of Cracks ◽  
High Level

The work describes the case of a single-family residential building, which suffered a breakdown due to flooding. Flooded water in the nearby watercourse, did not reach the building directly, but in its vicinity, but raised to a very high level the local groundwater table, which reached locally, even above ground level. This condition was maintained over a longer period of time, causing the soil moisture to rise, and thus its geotechnical parameters deteriorated. The consequence of this, the building underwent an uncontrolled and uneven settlement, which was accompanied by the formation of cracks on the walls. The effects of failure were presented and an attempt was made to identify possible causes of failure. Own study of the substrate was carried out in "in situ" conditions and verification of laboratory tests, and their results are presented on relevant charts and tables.

scholarly journals Leveraging 31 Million Google Street View Images to Characterize Built Environments and Examine County Health Outcomes

2020 ◽  
pp. 003335492096879
Author(s):  
Quynh C. Nguyen ◽  
Jessica M. Keralis ◽  
Pallavi Dwivedi ◽  
Amanda E. Ng ◽  
Mehran Javanmardi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computer Vision ◽  
Big Data ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Mental Distress ◽  
Premature Death ◽  
Built Environments ◽  
Adult Obesity ◽  
Single Family ◽  
Self Rated Health

Objectives Built environments can affect health, but data in many geographic areas are limited. We used a big data source to create national indicators of neighborhood quality and assess their associations with health. Methods We leveraged computer vision and Google Street View images accessed from December 15, 2017, through July 17, 2018, to detect features of the built environment (presence of a crosswalk, non–single-family home, single-lane roads, and visible utility wires) for 2916 US counties. We used multivariate linear regression models to determine associations between features of the built environment and county-level health outcomes (prevalence of adult obesity, prevalence of diabetes, physical inactivity, frequent physical and mental distress, poor or fair self-rated health, and premature death [in years of potential life lost]). Results Compared with counties with the least number of crosswalks, counties with the most crosswalks were associated with decreases of 1.3%, 2.7%, and 1.3% of adult obesity, physical inactivity, and fair or poor self-rated health, respectively, and 477 fewer years of potential life lost before age 75 (per 100 000 population). The presence of non–single-family homes was associated with lower levels of all health outcomes except for premature death. The presence of single-lane roads was associated with an increase in physical inactivity, frequent physical distress, and fair or poor self-rated health. Visible utility wires were associated with increases in adult obesity, diabetes, physical and mental distress, and fair or poor self-rated health. Conclusions The use of computer vision and big data image sources makes possible national studies of the built environment’s effects on health, producing data and results that may inform national and local decision-making.

scholarly journals An SDN-Based Connectivity Control System for Wi-Fi Devices

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duc-Thang Nguyen ◽  
Taehong Kim
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Connection Management ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Connectivity Information ◽  
Wireless Environment ◽  
Remote Services ◽  
Iot Devices ◽  
And Performance ◽  
High Level

In recent years, the prevalence of Wi-Fi-enabled devices such as smartphones, smart appliances, and various sensors has increased. As most IoT devices lack a display or a keypad owing to their tiny size, it is difficult to set connectivity information such as service set identifier (SSID) and password without any help from external devices such as smartphones. Moreover, it is much more complex to apply advanced connectivity options such as SSID hiding, MAC ID filtering, and Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA) to these devices. Thus, we need a new Wi-Fi network management system which not only facilitates client access operations but also provides a high-level authentication procedure. In this paper, we introduce a remote connectivity control system for Wi-Fi devices based on software-defined networking (SDN) in a wireless environment. The main contributions of the proposed system are twofold: (i) it enables network owner/administrator to manage and approve connection request from Wi-Fi devices through remote services, which is essential for easy connection management across diverse IoT devices; (ii) it also allows fine-grained access control at the device level through remote control. We describe the architecture of SDN-based remote connectivity control of Wi-Fi devices. While verifying the feasibility and performance of the proposed system, we discuss how the proposed system can benefit both service providers and users.

Effects of urban spatial structure on level of excess commutes: A comparison between Seoul and Los Angeles

Urban Studies ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 195-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myung-Jin Jun ◽  
Simon Choi ◽  
Frank Wen ◽  
Ki-Hyun Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Minimum Time ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Urban Spatial Structure ◽  
Single Family ◽  
Land Use Patterns ◽  
Urban Forms ◽  
High Level

This study investigates the effects of the urban spatial structure on the excess commuting rate (ECR) by comparing commuting patterns in two cities having distinctive urban forms, Seoul, Korea and Los Angeles, California, USA. A major difference was found in that commuters working closer to employment centres, or living in single-family detached housing in LA, are likely to have lower ECR, but not in Seoul. Employment suburbanisation, strict zoning separating residence and workplace and single-family housing-dominant low-density suburbs in LA are regarded as the reasons for their lower ECRs, which, by definition, imply relatively shorter actual commute duration and/or longer minimum time. Seoul can learn a lesson from LA for employment decentralisation in order to reduce actual commute time, while land use patterns in Seoul such as high level of mixed land use and compact development can provide policy implications for LA for improving commuters’ accessibility and reducing minimum time.

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