scholarly journals Culture-dependent analysis of seed bacterial endophyte, Pseudomonas spp. EGN 1 against the stem rot disease (Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc.) in groundnut

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Archana ◽  
L. Rajendran ◽  
S. K. Manoranjitham ◽  
V. P. Santhana Krishnan ◽  
M. Paramasivan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Vaccenic Acid ◽  
Sclerotium Rolfsii ◽  
Stem Rot ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Filter Paper Disc ◽  
Bacterial Endophyte ◽  
Rot Disease ◽  
Culture Dependent

Abstract Background Groundnut, Arachis hypogaea L., crop is an important oil seed crop in India and is prone to attack by numerous fungal and viral diseases, among the soil-borne diseases, stem rot caused by Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. is economically important. Main body of abstract Incidence (86.6%) of the stem rot disease was recorded in Coimbatore district, Tamil Nadu, India, during the roving survey. For its management, an attempt was made to isolate bacterial endophyte from peanut seeds of different groundnut cultivars by culture-dependent analysis. Totally, 16 bacterial endophytes (endophytes groundnut (EGN) 1 to EGN 16 along with standards TNAU-Pf1 and EPC 5) were obtained and characterized through morphological, biochemical and molecular studies and also phytostimulation activities were performed. Among the isolates, EGN 1 and EGN 4 showed positive results for indole acetic acid (IAA), siderophore, phosphate solubilization and protease tests in vitro. The dual culture analysis showed inhibition rates of 60.1% (dual plate assay), 68.23% (filter paper disc assay) and 100% (triangle method of streaking and culture filtrate assay) for EGN 1 against S. rolfsii. Further, the crude metabolite assay showed 97.7% inhibition in EGN 1, followed by 87.7% in EGN 4. The roll towel study showed a high vigour index of 4286.7 in EGN 1; hence, this isolate was chosen. Further, thin-layer chromatography (TLC) analysis showed various bands at 0.72 Rf, whereas GC-MS analysis indicated the prominent peaks of hexadecanoic acid and cis-vaccenic acid that may responsible for antifungal activity. In a molecular approach, the genomic DNA of EGN 1 strain was used to amplify a 1200 bp PCR-fragment and sequenced. Short conclusion The overall outcome of this study showed that Pseudomonas spp. EGN 1 had a great potential as a bio-stimulant and biocontrol agent to manage effectively the stem rot in peanut.

scholarly journals MORPHOLOGICAL AND GENOMIC VARIABLITY OF SCLEROTIUM ROLFSII SACC. CAUSING STEM ROT OF TUBEROSE

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (no 1) ◽  
Author(s):  
N.H. Sankar Reddy ◽  
T. Sivakumar ◽  
P. Balabaskar ◽  
K. Kuralarasi
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Sclerotium Rolfsii ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Stem Rot ◽  
Universal Primers ◽  
Mycelia Growth ◽  
Rot Disease ◽  
The One ◽  
Rdna Amplification

Tuberose is one of the most important ornamental bulbous flower crop cultivated for cut and loose flower trade. The flower has been used for ornaments, bouquets and buttonholes or crown and frequently used during marriages and religious ceremonies. The tuberose was often infected by various numbers of diseases; among that S. rolfsii is the one of the major disease which causes stem rot disease. The S. rolfsii were collected from various locations of Tamil Nadu were examined for morphological and genomic variability. Fifteen isolates of S. rolfsii was assessed and various morphological growth parameters (Mycelia growth, No. of sclerotia/ plate, colour of sclerotia, time taken for sclerotial production (days) and variations among S. rolfsii isolates was recorded. ITS region of rDNA amplification with specific ITS1 and ITS4 universal primers produced approximately 600 to 700 bp in all the isolates confirmed that all the isolates obtained are S. rolfsii. The sequences of isolates viz., Sr1 and Sr2 were identified as S. rolfsii through BLAST search in NCBI website (www.blast.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Blast). The sequences were deposited in the Gene Bank with the accession numbers MK880692, MK880693.

scholarly journals DISEASE INCIDENCE AND SEVERITY OF SCLEROTIUM ROLFSII ON ARACHIS HYPOGEA L

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (no 1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Praveen ◽  
C. Kannan
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Sclerotium Rolfsii ◽  
Stem Rot ◽  
Pathogenicity Test ◽  
Yield Losses ◽  
Arachis Hypogea ◽  
Edible Crops ◽  
The World ◽  
Rot Disease

Groundnut or peanut (Arachis hypogea L.) is an important oilseed and edible crops of the world. It is affected by many diseases, among which stem rot disease caused by Sclerotium rolfsii is major fungal disease that cause severe yield losses up to 80%. An experiment wasconducted in Tamil Nadu during 2019-2020, to study the cultural, morphological and pathogenicity of different isolates of S. rolfsii infecting groundnut in major cultivating areas of Tamil Nadu. The overall disease severity ranges from 9.82 to 36.83 percent. The highest disease incidence 36.83 per cent was noticed in the Kalpadai village and the least incidence 9.82 per cent was recorded in Pattukotttai village. All the isolates varied their ability to produce abundant mycelium and sclerotial production. The pathogenicity test was conducted to all the twenty isolates and the isolate Sr6 exhibited the maximum disease incidence and proved to be more virulent.

scholarly journals Assessing the prospects of Streptomyces sp. RP1A-12 in managing groundnut stem rot disease caused by Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc

2016 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simi Jacob ◽  
Ramgopal Rao Sajjalaguddam ◽  
K. Vijay Krishna Kumar ◽  
Rajeev Varshney ◽  
Hari Kishan Sudini
Keyword(s):  
Sclerotium Rolfsii ◽  
Stem Rot ◽  
Streptomyces Sp ◽  
Rot Disease

scholarly journals Comparison of Drip and Sprinkler Irrigation Systems for Applying Metam Sodium and Managing Stem Rot on Potato

Plant Disease ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 86 (11) ◽  
pp. 1211-1218 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. T. Browne ◽  
W. R. DeTar ◽  
B. L. Sanden ◽  
C. J. Phene
Keyword(s):  
Sclerotium Rolfsii ◽  
Sprinkler Irrigation ◽  
Stem Rot ◽  
Metam Sodium ◽  
Soil Infestation ◽  
Low Incidence ◽  
Rot Disease ◽  
Subsurface Drip ◽  
Soil Subsurface ◽  
Flat Ground

Drip and sprinkler systems were compared for effectiveness as preplant metam sodium chemigation systems and conduciveness to late-season development of stem rot disease on potato. Sclerotia of Sclerotium rolfsii were used in a bioassay to test efficacy of metam sodium treatments. Drip application of metam sodium (532 liters/ha, 32.8% a.i.) through lines at 7 cm of depth in preformed beds (depths from bed top unless stated otherwise) killed all test sclerotia at 15-, 30-, or 46-cm depths. Drip application of the metam sodium through drip lines at 41 or 46 cm of depth resulted in 0 to 17 or 68 to 80% survival, respectively, of test sclerotia at 15 cm of depth; but all the sclerotia at 30 or 46 cm of depth were killed. Compared with the drip applications, sprinkler chemigation with metam sodium generally treated beds less effectively (8 to 100% of sclerotia survived at 15 cm, 62 to 100% at 30 or 46 cm). On flat ground, drip and sprinkler chemigation (metam sodium, 560 liters/ha) performed equally (4, 37, and 77% survival at 15-, 45-, and 75-cm depths, respectively). After potato planting and artificial soil infestation with S. rolfsii (5 to 6 weeks before harvest), subsurface drip-irrigated plots (line depth of 41 or 46 cm) had lower incidence of stem rot disease at harvest (13 to 23% on tubers) than that in sprinkler plots (56 to 62%). The low incidence of disease was associated with relatively dry surface soil. Subsurface drip chemigation with metam sodium in preformed plant beds does not consistently eradicate S. rolfsii sclerotia near the upper bed surface but, in an arid climate, it is less conducive than sprinkler irrigation to development of stem rot disease of potato.

scholarly journals Sclerotium rolfsii, Penyebab Penyakit Busuk Pangkal Batang pada Hippeastrum sp.

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-58
Author(s):  
Antok Wahyu Sektiono ◽  
Syamsuddin Djauhari ◽  
Putri Devinta Pertiwi
Keyword(s):  
Host Range ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Agar Medium ◽  
Sclerotium Rolfsii ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Stem Rot ◽  
Potato Dextrose Agar Medium ◽  
White Mycelium ◽  
Rot Disease ◽  
Range Test

Sclerotium rolfsii, a the Causal Agent of Stem Rot Disease on Hippeastrum sp.Symptoms of stem rot that cause Hippeastrum sp. or red lily wither, leaves turn yellow, and eventually die found at Mangliawan Village, District of Pakis, Malang - East Java. The purpose of this study was to identify the pathogens that cause root rot disease on lily plants and find out their host range. Sclerotium from the symptomatic base of the plant was isolated on potato dextrose agar medium. Fungus was identified based on the morphological characteristics of the colonies and mycelium. Host range test of pathogen was carried out by manual inoculation on Rain lily (Zephyranthes) St. Bernard's lily (Chlorophytum) and Beach Spider lily (Hymenocallis). The results of the identification showed that the fungus had white mycelium and formed sclerotium. Sclerotium is irregularly rounded, white when young, and dark brown when ripe, and forms 10 days after incubation. In hyphae, there are branching, septa, and clam connections. Based on the morphological characteristics of the disease the fungus was identified as Sclerotium rolfsii. In the host range test, the fungus was able to infect rain lilies and paris lilies, but not in spider lilies. This is the first report of S. rolfsii infection in lily in Indonesia.

scholarly journals Potential of Antagonistic Fungi in Inhibiting the Growth of Botryodiplodia theobromae Fungi Causes Stem Rot Disease in Citrus

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dina Agustina ◽  
Unun Triasih ◽  
Mutia Erti Dwiastuti ◽  
Rudi Cahyo Wicaksono
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Culture Method ◽  
Stem Rot ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Trichoderma Asperellum ◽  
Botryodiplodia Theobromae ◽  
Antagonistic Fungi ◽  
Rot Disease

Soil microorganisms such as Trichoderma asperellum and Gliocladium sp have the potential to become biological control agents in inhibiting the growth of fungi Botryodiplodia theobrome which causes stem rot disease in citrus plants. The purpose of this study was to determine the potential of T.asperellum and Gliocladium sp fungi in inhibiting the growth of B. theobrome fungus causing stem end rot disease in citrus plants. The antagonistic test was carried out using the dual culture method using PDA media; observations were made on the growth of pathogenic fungi and antagonistic fungi to measure their inhibitory power. The results of the observation and calculation of the fungal growth rate were analyzed using the T test with a level of 5%. The pathogen fungal growth rate in the antagonistic test was slower than control and inhibition of B. theobrome by T.asperellum and Gliocladium sp were respectively at 78.67% and 84.56%. The mechanism of the two antagonistic fungi has the nature of competition and parasitism because of the broader inhibition spectrum than the pathogenic fungi. Keywords: Botryodiplodia theobromae, Trichoderma asperellum, Gliocladium sp, antagonistic test.

scholarly journals CULTURAL, MORPHOLOGICAL AND PATHOGENICITY CHARACTERS OF SCLEROTIUM ROLFSII CAUSING STEM ROT IN GROUNDNUT

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (no 1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sutha Raja Kumar ◽  
R. Arulselvi A ◽  
Rex Immanuel R ◽  
John Chrsitopher D. ◽  
Jaiganesh V. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Sclerotium Rolfsii ◽  
Stem Rot ◽  
Cent Disease

The present studies were undertaken to investigate the cultural, morphological and pathogenicity characters of Sclerotium rolfsii. Maximum per cent disease incidence was recorded in Nadiyappattu followed by Sivapuri, Kammapuram, Killai, Kurinjipadi, Parangipettai, Chathiram and Puthuchathiram in the decreasing order of merit of Cuddalore district, Tamil Nadu. The native isolates of S. rolfsii were isolated from the respective locations and designated as (SR1 to SR9). All the isolated showed variations with respect to colony character, mycelial growth, no of sclerotia, colour of sclerotia, shape and arrangement of sclerotia. Among the nine isolates of S. rolfsii collected from different groundnut growing areas of Cuddalore district, the isolate (SR5) collected from Nadiyappattu was found to be more virulent and recorded the maximum incidence followed by SR8 collected from Sivapuri. Maximum susceptibility was recorded when the plants are about 45 days showing disease incidence of upto 79.86 per cent.

scholarly journals Use of Trichoderma in Biological Control of Collar Rot of Soybean and Chickpea

2020 ◽  
pp. 25-31
Author(s):  
Mahbuba Kaniz Hasna ◽  
Md. Abul Kashem ◽  
Farid Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Sclerotium Rolfsii ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Collar Rot ◽  
Rot Disease

An in vitro and field experiments for two consecutive years were conducted at Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, Mymensingh, aiming to investigate the efficacy of Trichoderma harzianum against Sclerotium rolfsii causing collar rot disease of soybean and chickpea. In in vitro the antagonistic activity of T. harzianum against S. rolfsii was observed through dual culture. In field experiment Trichoderma was applied as soil treatment and seed treatment. The percent inhibition of S. rolfsii induced by T. harzianum was found upto 78.9% in in vitro. The maximum reduction of collar rot disease incidence over control was 82.4% in soybean and 77.6% in chickpea which was recorded in the plot where T. harzianum was applied in the soil. The highest seed germination: 86.3% in soybean and 84.8% in chickpea, maximum fresh shoot weight: 94.5 g plant-1 in soybean, 62.5 g plant-1 in chickpea, maximum fresh root weight: 10.7 g plant-1 in soybean, 9.3 g plant-1 in chickpea and the highest yield: 2830 kg ha-1 in soybean, 1836 kg ha-1 in chickpea were obtained by the application of Trichoderma in soil. The study indicated that the tested isolate of T. harzianum had potential in controlling collar rot disease of soybean and chickpea. For the reduction of collar rot incidence application of T. harzianum in soil was found more effective than seed treatment. 

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document