scholarly journals Comparative study of fungal stability between Metarhizium strains after successive subculture

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rana H. M. Hussien ◽  
Said M. Ezzat ◽  
Ali A. El Sheikh ◽  
James W. D. Taylor ◽  
Tariq M. Butt
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
In Vitro Cultivation ◽  
Slight Variation ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Radial Growth Rate ◽  
Successive Subculture

Abstract Background Metarhizium species are considered one of the most outstanding powerful biological control agents that have been commercialized as biopesticides against various agricultural pests. Fungal stability with successive in vitro cultivation is a desirable trait for a large-scale production of fungal biopesticide. Main body The new Egyptian strain Metarhizium anisopliae AUMC 3262 exhibited auspicious results when compared to Metarhizium brunneum ARSEF 4556 and M. brunneum V275 based on the variations of fungal characteristics, and essential quality control parameters (radial growth rate, conidial yield, viability, and virulence) after repeated in vitro subculturing. Changes in morphological characteristics were noted at both AUMC 3262 and ARSEF 4556. Following the 5th subculture, decreased conidial yield was noted, though radial growth remained stable, confirming that there is a non-positive correlation between conidial yield and radial growth rate for these species. In contrast, V275 showed a high morphological stability, conidial yield, and radial growth rate after repeated subculture. The three tested strains manifested high viability up to 100% and displayed the same pattern of Pr1 production. A slight variation was recorded in the median lethal time (LT50) values against the great wax moth, Galleria mellonella (L.), larvae between different subcultures of the tested Metarhizium strains. Conclusion The new Egyptian strain AUMC 3262 showed a high stability with a slight difference in some parameters after the successive subculture compared to both ARSEF4556 and V275.

scholarly journals In vitro GROWTH OF ECTOMYCORRHIZAL FUNGI ASSOCIATED WITH Pinus radiata PLANTATIONS IN CHILE

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 415-423
Author(s):  
José-Leonardo García-Rodríguez ◽  
Jesús Pérez-Moreno ◽  
Darcy Ríos-Leal ◽  
Patricia Sáez-Delgado ◽  
Cristian Atala-Bianchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Pinus Radiata ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
In Vitro Growth ◽  
Radial Growth Rate ◽  
Mycelial Biomass ◽  
Rhizopogon Luteolus

A comparative study of in vitro growth of three species of ectomycorrhizal fungi (ECMF) (Rhizopogon luteolus, Suillus granulatus and Suillus luteus) was performed. Fungal material was collected in adult Pinus radiata plantations. Isolation and purification of the strains were performed on potato-dextrose-agar medium and the evaluation of the radial growth rate and the increase in mycelial biomass, under different culture conditions, was performed on the Modified Melin Norkrans growth medium. The effects of temperature (24, 28 and 32 ºC) and pH (4.8, 5.3, 5.8, 6.3 and 6.8) of the growth medium were tested for the three fungal species in two independent assays. The results indicate that the temperature had a significant effect on the radial growth rate (RG) and mycelial biomass increase (MB) in all of the evaluated fungal species. The highest RGR and MBI were recorded in R. luteolus, and the lowest values for these variables were registered in S. luteus. Rhizopogon luteolus had the highest sensitivity to pH changes. Meanwhile, there was no pattern in S. granulatus and S. luteus growth response under different pH conditions. When cultivated in vitro, the three studied species of ECMF presented adaptation, exponential, declining and stationary growth phases. The in vitro growth responses recorded in the present study showed the great potential of R. luteolus to be used in future programs using mycorrhizal inoculation in the production of Pinus radiata trees in nurseries in Chile.

 The Effect of a Pine Looper Moth Outbreak on the Radial Growth Rate of Pine

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 754-760
Author(s):  
V. G. Soukhovolsky ◽  
P. A. Krasnoperova ◽  
E. N. Pal’nikova ◽  
I. V. Sviderskaya ◽  
O. V. Tarasova
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Radial Growth Rate

GrowFruit: An IoT based Radial Growth Rate Monitoring Device for Fruit

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Anirbit Sengupta ◽  
Anwesha Mukherjee ◽  
Abhijit Das ◽  
Debashis De
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Monitoring Device ◽  
Radial Growth Rate

scholarly journals Adaptability and leaf anatomical features in oil palm seedlings produced by embryo rescue and pre-germinated seeds

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 209-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zanderluce G. Luis ◽  
Kadja Milena G. Bezerra ◽  
Jonny Everson Scherwinski-Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Embryo Rescue ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Epidermal Cells ◽  
In Vitro Cultivation ◽  
Vascular Bundles ◽  
Anatomical Plasticity ◽  
Germinated Seeds

Changes in the leaf structure of plants grown in different conditions have been reported, such as increase in size and density of stomata and reduction in stomatal control, amount of epicuticular wax, and mesophyll thickness, with a high diversity of intercellular spaces. However, these changes are highly variable depending on the physiological and morphological characteristics of each species. The objective of this work was to analyze the adaptability and anatomical plasticity of oil palm seedlings produced after embryo rescue and pre-germinated seeds. Expanded leaves were prepared for evaluation of morphometric data and anatomical structures. It was verified that the environmental conditions in vitro negatively influenced the stomata density, epidermal and hypodermal thickness, and the values for the expansion cells and leaf mesophile. Anatomically, the oil palm leaves present the same tissues composition in both growth conditions, with uniseriate epidermal cells, and tetracitic stomata occurring in both epidermal surfaces. Epidermal cells from in vitro plants are thinner than ones from greenhouse. The midrib of leaves from greenhouse plants are more developed and is composed by only one central vascular bundle, while plants from in vitro cultivation developed three to four collateral vascular bundles.

Continuous radial growth rate monitoring of horticultural crops using an optical mouse

2019 ◽  
Vol 297 ◽  
pp. 111526
Author(s):  
Subir Das ◽  
Shikha Nayak ◽  
Badal Chakraborty ◽  
Sabyasachi Mitra
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Radial Growth Rate ◽  
Horticultural Crops ◽  
Optical Mouse

Average radial growth rate and chlamydospore production of Ceratocystis minor, Ceratocystis minor var. barrasii, and SJB 122 in culture

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (12) ◽  
pp. 3498-3505 ◽  
Author(s):  
David S. Goldhammer ◽  
Frederick M. Stephen ◽  
Timothy D. Paine
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Dendroctonus Frontalis ◽  
Radial Growth Rate ◽  
Acid Media ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
Ceratocystis Minor

Two symbiotic fungi (SJB 122, an unidentified basidiomycete, and Ceratocystis minor (Hedgecock) Hunt variety barrasii Taylor) and one pathogenic phoretic fungus (C. minor (Hedgecock) Hunt variety minor) of the southern pine beetle, Dendroctonus frontalis Zimmermann, were inoculated onto six different concentrations of D. frontalis frass, loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) phloem, and uric acid media to observe radial growth rates and chlamydospore production. The average radial growth rate per day of C. minor var. barrasii increased significantly from the control on all three media, but growth was faster at increased concentrations of added phloem compared with the other supplemented media. Significant increases in chlamydospores produced by C. minor var. barrasii from the control occurred only on frass media, with more chlamydospores being produced at higher concentrations. The average radial growth rate per day of SJB 122 fungus increased significantly from the control on only one concentration of phloem and two concentrations of uric acid, but decreased significantly on low concentrations of frass media. SJB 122 chlamydospore production increased with increasing concentration on frass, was not different from the control on phloem, and increased significantly at intermediate concentrations on uric acid. Ceratocystis minor var. minor average radial growth rate per day increased with increasing concentration on both frass and phloem media but on uric acid decreased significantly at higher concentrations, following an initial signficant increase as compared with the controls.

The Time Cone method for Nucleation and Growth Kinetics on a Finite Domain

1995 ◽  
Vol 398 ◽  
Author(s):  
John W. Cahn
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Radial Growth ◽  
Nucleation And Growth ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Finite Domain ◽  
Radial Growth Rate ◽  
Transformation Kinetics ◽  
Statistical Solution ◽  
Closed Form Solutions ◽  
Growth Reaction

ABSTRACTThe Kolmogorov-Johnson-Mehl-Avrami theory is an exact statistical solution for the expected fraction transformed in a nucleation and growth reaction in an infinite specimen, when nucleation is random in the untransformed volume and the radial growth rate after nucleation is constant until impingement. Many of these restrictive assumptions are introduced to facilitate the use of statistics. The introduction of “phantom nuclei” and “extended volumes” are constructs that permit exact estimates of the fraction transformed. An alternative, the time cone method, is presented that does not make use of either of these constructs. The method permits obtaining exact closed form solutions for any specimen that is convex in time and space, and for nucleation rates and growth rates that are both time and position dependent. Certain types of growth anisotropies can be included. The expected fraction transformed is position and time dependent. Expressions for transformation kinetics in simple specimen geometries such as plates and growing films are given, and are shown to reduce to expected formulas in certain limits.

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