scholarly journals Fungal species associated with apple Valsa canker in East Asia

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuli Wang ◽  
Cheng-Min Shi ◽  
Mark L. Gleason ◽  
Lili Huang
Keyword(s):  
East Asia ◽  
Species Recognition ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Robust Methods ◽  
Rdna Its ◽  
Rdna Its Sequences ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
Valsa Canker ◽  
Apple Valsa Canker ◽  
One Fungus One Name

AbstractSince its discovery more than 110 years ago, Valsa canker has emerged as a devastating disease of apple in East Asia. However, our understanding of this disease, particularly the identity of the causative agents, has been in a state of confusion. Here we provide a synopsis for the current understanding of Valsa canker and the taxonomy of its causal agents. We highlight the major changes concerning the identity of pathogens and the conflicting viewpoints in moving to “One Fungus = One Name” system for this group of fungal species. We compiled a list of 21 Cytospora species associated with Malus hosts worldwide and curated 12 of them with rDNA-ITS sequences. The inadequacy of rDNA-ITS in discriminating Cytospora species suggests that additional molecular markers, more intraspecific samples and robust methods are required to achieve reliable species recognition.

scholarly journals Incidence and Etiology of Postharvest Fungal Diseases Associated with Bulb Rot in Garlic (Alllium sativum) in Spain

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1063
Author(s):  
Laura Gálvez ◽  
Daniel Palmero
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Fusarium Species ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Postharvest Disease ◽  
Dry Rot ◽  
Fusarium Dry Rot ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
Postharvest Handling ◽  
Pathogenicity Tests ◽  
Bulb Rot

In recent years, different postharvest alterations have been detected in garlic. In many cases, the symptoms are not well defined, or the etiology is unknown, which further complicates the selection of bulbs during postharvest handling. To characterize the different symptoms of bulb rot caused by fungi, garlic bulb samples were collected from six Spanish provinces in two consecutive years. Eight different fungal species were identified. The most prevalent postharvest disease was Fusarium dry rot (56.1%), which was associated with six Fusarium species. Fusarium proliferatum was detected in more than 85% of symptomatic cloves, followed by F. oxysporum and F. solani. Pathogenicity tests did not show a significant correlation between virulence and mycotoxin production (fumonisins, beauvericin, and moniliformin) or the mycelial growth rate. Penicillium allii was detected in 12.2% of the samples; it was greatly influenced by the harvest season and garlic cultivar, and three different morphotypes were identified. Stemphylium vesicarium and Embellisia allii were pathogenic to wounded cloves. Some of the isolated fungal species produce highly toxic mycotoxins, which may have a negative impact on human health. This work is the first to determine the quantitative importance, pathogenicity, and virulence of the causative agents of postharvest garlic rot in Spain.

scholarly journals Cortinarius alpinus as an example for morphological and phylogenetic species concepts in ectomycorrhizal fungi

Sommerfeltia ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 161-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Peintner
Keyword(s):  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Species Concepts ◽  
Its Sequences ◽  
Phylogenetic Species ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Rdna Its ◽  
Rdna Its Sequences ◽  
Distinguishing Character

Cortinarius alpinus as an example for morphological and phylogenetic species concepts in ectomycorrhizal fungiExtensive morphological and molecular analyses of closely related species from alpine, subalpine and montane habitats should enable a comparison of ecological, morphological and phylogenetic species concepts in ectomycorrhizal mushrooms. One fundamental question of this study was whether alpine species really exist, and which criteria, besides the specific habitat, could reliably be used for the de-limitation of such taxa. For this reason, 56 rDNA ITS sequences were generated or downloaded from GenBank for 10 closely related species of Cortinarius subgenus Myxacium, section Myxacium. Several collections were sequenced for each of the following taxa: Cortinarius absarokensis, C. alpinus, C. favrei, C. fennoscandicus, C. grallipes, C. mucosus, C. muscigenus, C. septentrionalis, C. trivialis and C. vernicosus. Moreover, spore statistics were carried out for 38 collections of alpine and subalpine taxa. These data provide clear evidence for C. favrei being a synonym of C. alpinus. C. absarokensis and C. alpinus can clearly be delimited based on pileus diameter and average dry weight per basidiome, even in overlapping habitats, but spore size and shape is not a good distinguishing character. Phylograms have very short branches, and base differences between ITS sequences are generally very low in this group, and give no resolution for the included taxa of this section. Based on these results, species concepts of ectomycorrhizal mushrooms are discussed in detail.

Phylogenetic relationships among the species of Elymus sensu lato in Triticeae (Poaceae) based on nuclear rDNA ITS sequences

2009 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 696-706 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Zhang ◽  
X. Fan ◽  
H. Q. Yu ◽  
J. Zeng ◽  
H. Q. Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Its Sequences ◽  
Nuclear Rdna ◽  
Rdna Its ◽  
Rdna Its Sequences

Phylogenetic relationships of Microsphaera and Erysiphe section Erysiphe (powdery mildews) inferred from the rDNA ITS sequences

Mycoscience ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 259-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susumu Takamatsu ◽  
Tetsuya Hirata ◽  
Yukio Sato ◽  
Yukihiko Nomura
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Its Sequences ◽  
Rdna Its ◽  
Powdery Mildews ◽  
Rdna Its Sequences

A Phylogenetic Study of Cuphea (Lythraceae) Based on Morphology and Nuclear rDNA ITS Sequences

2006 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 764-778 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shirley A. Graham ◽  
John V. Freudenstein ◽  
Melissa Luker
Keyword(s):  
Its Sequences ◽  
Phylogenetic Study ◽  
Nuclear Rdna ◽  
Rdna Its ◽  
Rdna Its Sequences

scholarly journals Identification of Anoectochilus based on rDNA ITS sequences alignment and SELDI-TOF-MS

2009 ◽  
pp. 727-735 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuan Gao ◽  
Fusheng Zhang ◽  
Jun Zhang ◽  
Shunxing Guo ◽  
Hongbo Shao
Keyword(s):  
Its Sequences ◽  
Rdna Its ◽  
Rdna Its Sequences ◽  
Sequences Alignment ◽  
Tof Ms

Detection of species within the Xerocomus subtomentosus complex in Europe using rDNA–ITS sequences

2006 ◽  
Vol 110 (3) ◽  
pp. 276-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andy F.S. Taylor ◽  
Alan E. Hills ◽  
Giampaolo Simonini ◽  
Ernst E. Both ◽  
Ursula Eberhardt
Keyword(s):  
Its Sequences ◽  
Rdna Its ◽  
Rdna Its Sequences

scholarly journals Study on Interactions between the Major Apple Valsa Canker Pathogen Valsa mali and Its Biocontrol Agent Saccharothrix yanglingensis Hhs.015 Using RT-qPCR

PLoS ONE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. e0162174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongying Fan ◽  
Yanfang Li ◽  
Lingyun Zhao ◽  
Zhengpeng Li ◽  
Lili Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biocontrol Agent ◽  
Canker Pathogen ◽  
Valsa Canker ◽  
Apple Valsa Canker ◽  
Valsa Mali

scholarly journals Morphological and molecular evidence for the occurrence of Itajahya galericulata (Basidiomycota, Phallales) in India

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
Ravi S. Patel ◽  
Ajit M. Vasava ◽  
Kishore S. Rajput
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Its Sequences ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Nuclear Rdna ◽  
Gujarat State ◽  
Rdna Its ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Rdna Its Sequences ◽  
The City

AbstractItajahya galericulata (Phallales, Phallaceae) was previously reported from several countries in South America and Africa. Recently we found I. galericulata in the city of Vadodara, Gujarat State, India. To verify its identity we studied its morphology and performed molecular phylogenetic analyses using nuclear rDNA LSU and mitochondrial ATP6 loci. Here we also provide nuclear rDNA ITS sequences for the Indian collection, since up to now no sequences of this region have been available for I. galericulata in GenBank. This study furnishes the first evidence for the occurrence of I. galericulata in India and in Asia as a whole.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Clinicomycological studies of Otomycosis: A review

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 121-135
Author(s):  
KK Nipa ◽  
AHM Kamal ◽  
A Imtiaj
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Research Needs ◽  
Predisposing Factor ◽  
Global Context ◽  
Education Improvement ◽  
The World ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
Socioeconomic Status And Health

Otomycosis is a chronic ear disease of external auditory canal and it is more prevalent in warm, humid and dusty environment, although it is now found throughout the world. The most commonly found causative agents as of fungal species are Aspergillus and Candida along with preponderance of various fungal and bacterial species has also been reported. The aim of this review is to focus on the prevalence of causal agents of otomycosis in the global context and its clinical management. A total of 63 research articles have been reviewed, which deals prevalence of otomycosis. Its clinicomycological studies both separately and altogether with folk medicine in relation to treatment of otomycosis were also reviewed. Findings of various reports revealed that the Aspergillus and Candida species are the main causal agents of otomycosis. But many reports indicate that a few of other fungal species along with bacteria particularly Staplylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa are also responsible for accelerating this disease in human all over the world. In many reports, improper self-cleaning of ear has been found as major predisposing factor of otomycosis. This review suggests that health education, improvement of socioeconomic status and health caring facilities should be increased for reducing prevalence of otomycosis. However, more research needs to be carried out because of its severe parallel effects to the human health. J. bio-sci. 28: 121-135, 2020

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