scholarly journals In vitro regeneration approaches for restoration of Ceropegia mohanramii—an endemic and critically endangered asclepiad

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Avinash A. Adsul ◽  
Jaykumar J. Chavan ◽  
Nikhil B. Gaikwad ◽  
Rajaram V. Gurav ◽  
Ghansham B. Dixit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Western Ghats ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Critically Endangered ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Regeneration System ◽  
The Western Ghats ◽  
Flowering In Vitro

Abstract The study aimed to develop an efficient, rapid, and large-scale in vitro regeneration system for propagation, conservation, and restoration of an endemic and critically endangered herb, Ceropegia mohanramii. The cultures were established using nodal explants on Murashige and Skoog’s (MS) medium supplemented with 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP: 1.0 mg/l). Nodal buds cultured on MS medium supplemented with BAP (2.0 mg/l) along with indole-3-butyric acid (IBA, 0.5 mg/l) resulted with production of maximum number of shoots (17.1 ± 1.2) in hundred percent of the cultures. MS medium supplemented with BAP (2.0 mg/l) along with diverse concentrations of indole-3acetic acid (IAA) promoted the in vitro flowering. In vitro regenerated shoots were transferred to one-half MS medium fortified with singular supplementation of auxins, where IBA (1.5 mg/l) served optimal for production of maximum number of roots (5.7 ± 0.6). In vitro derived plantlets were hardened under controlled conditions in a glasshouse and subsequently transferred to soil. Over 1200 saplings were transplanted to eight different localities of the Western Ghats where over 76% survival is recorded after 1 year of transplantation.

scholarly journals In vitro regeneration protocol of Rauvolfia serpentina L.

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Khan ◽  
TA Banu ◽  
S Akter ◽  
B Goswami ◽  
M Islam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Multiple Shoot ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
Root Induction ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Regeneration System ◽  
Rauvolfia Serpentina ◽  
Number Of Shoots

An efficient in vitro regeneration system was developed for Rauvolfia serpentina L. through direct and indirect organogenesis from nodal and leaf explants. Among the different growth regulators, MS medium supplemented with 2.0 mg/l BAP, 0.5mg/l IAA and 0.02mg/l NAA found best for the multiple shoot formation from nodal segments. In this combination 98% explants produced multiple shoots and the average number of shoots per explants is 13∙4. The frequency of callus induction and multiple shoot induction from leaves was highest 88% in MS medium supplemented with 2.0 mg/l BAP, where mean number of shoots/explants was 12.5. The highest frequency of root induction (80%) and mean number of roots/plantlets (10) were obtained on half strength of MS medium containing 0.2 mg/l IBA. The rooted plantlets were transferred for hardening following acclimatization and finally were successfully established in the field.Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res.53(2), 133-138, 2018

In vitro propagation of Camellia fascicularis: a plant species with extremely small populations

2020 ◽  
Vol 100 (2) ◽  
pp. 202-208
Author(s):  
Mengting Wang ◽  
Guiliang Zhang ◽  
Peiyao Xin ◽  
Yun Liu ◽  
Bin Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Germplasm Conservation ◽  
Shoot Multiplication ◽  
Shoot Tips ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Multiplication Rate ◽  
Ms Medium

Camellia fascicularis is an endangered evergreen ornamental plant with pale yellow flowers. An efficient and reproducible in vitro regeneration method is required for its large-scale propagation and germplasm conservation. In this study, one axillary bud per nodal stem was obtained from C. fascicularis cultured on Murashige & Skoog (MS) medium containing 0.1 mg L−1 indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) combined with 1.0 mg L−1 6-benzylaminopurine (BA). Axillary buds from the stem segments were transferred to modified woody plant medium (WPM) supplemented with 3.0 mg L−1 BA in combination with 0.3 mg L−1 IAA for multiplication, thereby resulting in a high shoot multiplication rate of 6.8. Multiple shoots were divided into nodal stems and shoot tips and were induced to root. The shoot tips were induced to root by culturing on one-half MS medium supplemented with 2.0 mg L−1 indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) in combination with 0.3 mg L−1 α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), which resulted in 76.0% rooting efficiency with 2.3 roots per shoot. The optimal hormone ratio for inducing rooting of nodal stems was 1.0 mg L−1 IBA in combination with 2.0 mg L−1 NAA, which resulted in 72.7% rooting efficiency with 1.7 roots per nodal stem. These two rooted plantlets were successfully acclimatized and established in a greenhouse.

scholarly journals In Vitro Propagation of Aconitum chasmanthum Stapf Ex Holmes: An Endemic and Critically Endangered Plant Species of the Western Himalaya

Horticulturae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 586
Author(s):  
Shah Rafiq ◽  
Nasir Aziz Wagay ◽  
Irshad Ahmad Bhat ◽  
Zahoor Ahmad Kaloo ◽  
Sumaira Rashid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Shoot Regeneration ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Critically Endangered ◽  
Endangered Plant ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Endangered Plant Species ◽  
Chilling Treatment

Aconitum chasmanthum Stapf ex Holmes, a highly valued medicinal plant, is a critically endangered plant species with restricted global distribution. Because there is no published report on the in vitro micropropagation of A. chasmanthum, the present study was undertaken to contribute to the development of an efficient micropropagation protocol for its conservation. Seeds collected from the wild showed enhanced germination after being given a chilling treatment (−4 °C and −20 °C) for different durations (10, 20, 30 and 40 days). Seeds given a chilling treatment of −4 °C for 10 days showed enhanced germination rates of 47.59 ± 0.53% with a mean germination time of 10.78 ± 0.21 days compared to seeds kept at room temperature when grown in an MS basal medium. Nodes, leaves and stems, taken from 20–40-day-old seedlings, were used as an explant for micropropagation. An MS medium supplemented with different concentrations of cytokinins (BAP, Kn), auxins (2,4-D, NAA), and an additive adenine sulphate were tested for callusing, direct shoot regeneration and rooting. Only nodal explants responded and showed direct multiple shoot regeneration with 7 ± 0.36 shoots with an elongation of 5.51 ± 0.26 cm in the MS medium supplemented with BAP 0.5 mg/L, and with a response time (RT) of 10.41 ± 0.51 days and a percentage culture response of 77.77 ± 2.77%. Rhizome formation was observed after 8 weeks, with the highest culture response of 36.66 ± 3.33% in the MS basal media with an RT of 43.75 ± 0.50 days. These rhizomes showed a 60% germination rate within 2 weeks and developed into plantlets. The present in vitro regeneration protocol could be used for the large-scale propagation and conservation of A. chasmanthum.

scholarly journals In vitro Plant Regeneration of Four Local Varieties of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Grown in Bangladesh

1970 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 379-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
TA Banu ◽  
RH Sarker ◽  
MI Hoque
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Multiple Shoots ◽  
Mature Embryo ◽  
Multiple Shoot ◽  
Direct Organogenesis ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Regeneration System ◽  
Best Response ◽  
Multiple Shoot Regeneration

In vitro regeneration system was developed through direct organogenesis from decapitated mature embryo explants of locally grown four chickpea varieties, namely, Barichhola-4, Hyprochhola, Binachhola-3 and Binachhola-4. Best response towards multiple shoot regeneration was obtained on MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/l BAP, 0.5 mg/l Kn, 0.2 mg/l NAA along with double concentrations of CaCl2 and NH4NO3. However good shoot health and expanded leaf was found on MS medium containing 1.0 mg/l kn. Apart from this, few experiments were conducted with decapitated embryo attached cotyledon. Using this explants highest number of multiple shoots were obtained on MSB medium containing 4× micronutrients of MS medium with 3.0 mg/l BAP and 0.04 mg/l NAA in all four varieties. Shoots regenerated on 1.0 mg/l kn supplemented medium showed good response towards rooting on MS medium supplemented with 0.2 mg/l IBA in all four varieties. It was observed that micrografting is an alternative technique to in vitro rooting in chickpea. Key words: In vitro regeneration; Decapitated embryo; Chickpea. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjsir.v46i3.9047 BJSIR 2011; 46(3): 379-384

scholarly journals In Vitro Regeneration of Triploid Plants of Euonymus alatus ‘Compactus’ (Burning Bush) from Endosperm Tissues

HortScience ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 46 (8) ◽  
pp. 1141-1147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chandra Thammina ◽  
Mingyang He ◽  
Litang Lu ◽  
Kaishuang Cao ◽  
Hao Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Butyric Acid ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
The United States ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Euonymus Alatus ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Landscape Plant ◽  
Mature Endosperm

Euonymus alatus (Thunb.) Sieb., commonly known as “burning bush,” is an extremely popular landscape plant in the United States as a result of its brilliant showy red leaves in fall. However, E. alatus is also seriously invasive because of its prolific seed production and effective seed dispersal by birds. Thus, development of sterile, non-invasive, seedless triploid E. alatus is in high demand. In this article, we report successful production of triploid E. alatus using endosperm tissues as explants. In our study, ≈50% of immature endosperm explants and 14% of mature endosperm explants formed compact, green calli after culture in the dark for 8 weeks and then under light for 4 weeks on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 2.2 μM BA and 2.7 μM α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). Approximately 5.6% of the immature endosperm-derived calli and 13.4% of mature endosperm-derived calli initiated shoots within 8 weeks after they were cultured on MS medium with 4.4 μM benzyladenine (BA) and 0.5 μM indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). Eighty-five percent of shoots rooted after culture on woody plant medium (WPM) containing 4.9 μM IBA for 2 weeks and then on hormone-free WPM medium containing 2.0 g·L−1 activated charcoal for 4 weeks. Eight independently regenerated triploid plants have been identified. Triploid plant regeneration rates observed were 0.42% from immature endosperm explants and 0.34% from mature endosperm explants, respectively, based on the number of endosperm explants cultured. Because triploid plants cannot produce viable seeds, and thus are sterile and non-invasive, some triploid E. alatus plant lines reported here can be used to replace the currently used invasive counterparts. Chemical names used: benzyladenine (BA), indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), and α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA).

scholarly journals Development of an effective in vitro Regeneration protocol for BARI Mash 2 (Vigna mungo L.) an important legume crop in Bangladesh

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-33
Author(s):  
P Saha ◽  
M Afrin ◽  
AKM Mohiuddin ◽  
AM Shohael
Keyword(s):  
Callus Formation ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Vigna Mungo ◽  
Young Leaf ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Black Gram ◽  
Regeneration System ◽  
Indole Butyric Acid

Black Gram (Vigna mungo L.), widely known as Mashkalai in Bangladesh is an important protein source used as human food as well as fodder. BARI Mash 2 is a popular black gram variety released by Bangladesh Agriculture Research Institute (BARI) which is cultivated throughout the country and very popular especially in the char areas. Establishment of a reliable regeneration system for BARI Mash 2 has been tried for further genetic improvement. A rapid, reproducible and efficient in vitro regeneration method was developed using hypocotyl and young leaf explants through callus formation. The frequency of callus formation was highest (75%) on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with a high concentration (31.66 ?M) of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid (2,4-D) using the young leaf as explants’ source. Callus induction rate was less in hypocotyls in the same medium. No further progress was observed from those calluses. MS medium containing 16.11?M of ?- Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) showed the 70% calli induction from hypocotyls segment. These calli were amenable to produce multiple shoots (5-6 shoot) in the medium containing 17.75 ?M of 6 Benzyl aminopurine (BAP) alone and the combination of BAP (17.75 ?M ) and NAA (2.68 ?M). Shoots were rooted most effectively (55%) in half strength MS basal medium containing 7.38 ?M of Indole-butyric Acid (IBA). Well rooted plantlets were successfully acclimatized, transferred to the soil and found to produce flowers and fruits. The efficient and reproducible regeneration protocol described here allows for successful in vitro regeneration of BARI Mash 2 that is vital for future genetic manipulation.Jahangirnagar University J. Biol. Sci. 6(1): 23-33, 2017 (June)

An effective protocol for improved regeneration capacity of Kabuli chickpeas

2012 ◽  
Vol 92 (6) ◽  
pp. 1057-1064 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. S. Yadav ◽  
N. P. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Regeneration ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Genetic Manipulation ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Regeneration Capacity ◽  
Regeneration System ◽  
Embryonic Axes

Yadav, I. S. and Singh, N. P. 2012. An effective protocol for improved regeneration capacity of Kabuli chickpeas. Can. J. Plant Sci. 92: 1057–1064. An efficient protocol for in vitro regeneration is essential for genetic manipulation and micro-propagation of important plant species. A direct shoot regeneration system has been optimized for Desi chickpeas, but an effective regeneration protocol is still needed for Kabuli chickpeas. An efficient regeneration protocol for Kabuli chickpeas was developed, using whole embryonic axes, an embryonic axes slice and cotyledonary node explants from two genotypes L550 and JGK-1. Depending upon chickpea genotype, type of explant and culture medium, percentage of shoot producing explants (frequency) and the number of shoots per explant (efficiency) varied from 10 to 83% and from 1 to 58, respectively. The shoot regeneration capacity (SRC=frequency×efficiency), which is an indicator of the effectiveness of the protocol, varied from 47 to 2508 shoots per 100 explants cultured. On average, SRC of L550 was 1.8 times higher than JGK-1. Murashige and Skoog's (MS) medium+B5 vitamins supplemented with 8.0 µM benzyl amino purine (BAP)+0.5 µM α- naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and 0.1 M sucrose plus embryonic axes was found to be the most effective culture medium and type of explants, respectively. Half strength MS medium+2% sucrose supplemented with 4 µM NAA, 3µ M IAA or 4µM IAA produced a high rooting percentage in both chickpea genotypes. The regeneration process starting from explant preparation to establishment of a complete plant in soil took 105–110 d. This optimized regeneration method holds promise for facilitating the insertion of interested genes through genetic transformation for improvement of Kabuli chickpeas.

Micropropagation of Rosa damascena Mill. through transverse thin cell layer culture

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 184-189
Author(s):  
Kavita Kshirsagar ◽  
V. J. Braganza
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Regeneration ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Cell Layer ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Rosa Damascena ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Thin Cell Layer ◽  
Transverse Thin Cell Layer ◽  
Thin Cell Layer Culture

A basic factor underlying the success of large‐scale micropropagation and genetic transformation of any plant species is regeneration. In order to regenerate propagules of Rosa damascena Mill. on a large scale, an efficient and improved in vitro propagation system has been established using transverse thin cell layer culture (tTCL). By optimizing the position of the tissue and applying an improved selection procedure, in vitro shoots were elongated in 8 weeks of culture. Modified Murashige and Skoog (1962)(MS) medium fortified with 4.0 mg l‐1 6‐benzylaminopurine (BAP) and 0.4mg l‐1 anaphthalene acetic acid (NAA) gave optimal shoot regeneration. The explant was inoculated on this medium in the upright position and exhibited a high frequency of shoot regeneration (~96.66%), and it also gave the highest number of shoots (22.33/explant). The horizontally placed explant on an average 7.66 shoots/explant. Our experiments indicate that explant orientation strongly influences the organogenesis response. The frequency of shoot initiation and the number of multiple shoots produced from each explant were significantly dependent on the plant source, concentration of plant growth regulators and the orientation of the explants and contributed significantly to in vitro regeneration. Rooting of well developed shoots was achieved on hormone free ¼ strength MS medium with 4% sucrose.

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