scholarly journals In Vitro Regeneration of Triploid Plants of Euonymus alatus ‘Compactus’ (Burning Bush) from Endosperm Tissues

HortScience ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 46 (8) ◽  
pp. 1141-1147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chandra Thammina ◽  
Mingyang He ◽  
Litang Lu ◽  
Kaishuang Cao ◽  
Hao Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Butyric Acid ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
The United States ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Euonymus Alatus ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Landscape Plant ◽  
Mature Endosperm

Euonymus alatus (Thunb.) Sieb., commonly known as “burning bush,” is an extremely popular landscape plant in the United States as a result of its brilliant showy red leaves in fall. However, E. alatus is also seriously invasive because of its prolific seed production and effective seed dispersal by birds. Thus, development of sterile, non-invasive, seedless triploid E. alatus is in high demand. In this article, we report successful production of triploid E. alatus using endosperm tissues as explants. In our study, ≈50% of immature endosperm explants and 14% of mature endosperm explants formed compact, green calli after culture in the dark for 8 weeks and then under light for 4 weeks on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 2.2 μM BA and 2.7 μM α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). Approximately 5.6% of the immature endosperm-derived calli and 13.4% of mature endosperm-derived calli initiated shoots within 8 weeks after they were cultured on MS medium with 4.4 μM benzyladenine (BA) and 0.5 μM indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). Eighty-five percent of shoots rooted after culture on woody plant medium (WPM) containing 4.9 μM IBA for 2 weeks and then on hormone-free WPM medium containing 2.0 g·L−1 activated charcoal for 4 weeks. Eight independently regenerated triploid plants have been identified. Triploid plant regeneration rates observed were 0.42% from immature endosperm explants and 0.34% from mature endosperm explants, respectively, based on the number of endosperm explants cultured. Because triploid plants cannot produce viable seeds, and thus are sterile and non-invasive, some triploid E. alatus plant lines reported here can be used to replace the currently used invasive counterparts. Chemical names used: benzyladenine (BA), indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), and α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA).

scholarly journals In vitro regeneration of Momordica dioica (Roxb.)

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 297-303
Author(s):  
Ashish R. Arekar ◽  
Janhavi A. Arekar ◽  
S. S. Barve ◽  
G. T. Paratkar
Keyword(s):  
Butyric Acid ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Benzyl Adenine ◽  
Hard Seed ◽  
Important Medicinal Plant

Momordica dioica, Roxb. (Family: Cucurbitaceae) commonly called as Kartoli, is an important medicinal plant, which has remained unexplored from the commercial point of view. Considering its scarce availability and the medicinal importance, in vitro cultures were established. Traditionally, M. dioica has been propagated mainly through its tuberous roots and less commonly by seeds. Germination through seeds is very difficult or impossible because of hard seed coat. As an alternative to traditional methods tissue culture offers an efficient method for propagation of M. dioica. Mature seeds were used for the regeneration of M. dioica. The decoated seeds of M. dioica were cultured on Murashige and Skoog basal medium (MS medium) supplemented with various combinations of Auxins (á – naphthaleneacetic acid) and Cytokinins (N6 - benzyl adenine). MS basal medium supplemented with 4.44 µM and 8.88 µM N6 - benzyl adenine (BA) gave rise to maximum number of shoots in 7-8 weeks. In vitro grown shoots were sub cultured on MS medium supplemented with different concentrations of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) for root initiation. MS medium with 0.049mM indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) showed rooting in 45 days. The regenerated plantlets were successfully hardened in vermiculite.

scholarly journals Regeneration of Plants from Apical Meristem Tips and Nodal Segments of Arachis pintoi

2003 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Y. Rey ◽  
L. A. Mroginski
Keyword(s):  
Apical Meristem ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Regeneration Potential ◽  
Arachis Pintoi ◽  
Solid Media ◽  
One Step

Abstract The in vitro regeneration potential of shoot apical tips (2 to 3 mm in length), meristems (0.3 to 0.5 mm in length), and nodal segments (4 to 7 mm long with an axillary bud) of diploid (2n = 2x = 20) and triploid (2n = 3x = 30) cytotypes of Arachis pintoi was evaluated. Explants were cultured on MS medium supplemented with different concentrations and combinations of naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and benzyladenine (BA). In one experiment the effect of gibberellic acid was tested. The cultures were done in liquid and solid media. Plant regeneration can be readily achieved from all explants in one step of 30 d culture on MS + 0.01 mg/L each of NAA and BA or two steps consisting of 1) shoots regeneration through culture of explants on MS + 0.01 mg/L each of NAA and BA, and 2) induction of rooting in regenerated shoots by reculture on MS + 0.01 mg/L NAA. The plantlets were successfully transferred to pots in a greenhouse.

scholarly journals In Vitro Regeneration through Direct Organogenesis from Protocorms of Oncidium tigrinum Llave & Lex. (Orchidaceae), an Endemic and Threatened Mexican Species

HortScience ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 46 (8) ◽  
pp. 1132-1135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martín Mata-Rosas ◽  
Rosario Julieta Baltazar-García ◽  
Victor Manuel Chávez-Avila
Keyword(s):  
Culture Media ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Adventitious Shoot ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Direct Organogenesis ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Average Height ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Adventitious Shoot Formation

A protocol for in vitro propagation from protocorms of Oncidium tigrinum Llave & Lex., a threatened species distributed in Mexico and highly appreciated as an ornamental, was developed. Two different explants, entire protocorms and longitudinal halves of protocorms, were used. In addition, the effect of two different culture media, Murashige and Skoog (MS) and modified Knudson (KCm), supplemented with N6-benzyladenine (BA) (0, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, and 5 mg·L−1) and/or α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) at 0, 0.1, and 0.5 mg·L−1 was investigated. Adventitious shoot formation by direct organogenesis was obtained in all treatments; in some cases, the formation of protocorm-like bodies was induced. Shoot formation was greater for entire protocorms; the best treatment was MS medium containing at BA 1 to 2 mg·L−1 in combination with at NAA 0.1 mg·L−1. The average height of shoots was three times greater in MS medium than in KCm medium. Subculturing individual shoots in MS medium without plant growth regulators, but with 1 g·L−1 activated charcoal, allowed further development and rooting. An ex vitro survival rate of almost 100% was achieved. This study represents a comprehensive application for propagation, conservation, and sustainable use of this valuable natural resource.

scholarly journals In vitro regeneration approaches for restoration of Ceropegia mohanramii—an endemic and critically endangered asclepiad

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Avinash A. Adsul ◽  
Jaykumar J. Chavan ◽  
Nikhil B. Gaikwad ◽  
Rajaram V. Gurav ◽  
Ghansham B. Dixit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Western Ghats ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Critically Endangered ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Regeneration System ◽  
The Western Ghats ◽  
Flowering In Vitro

Abstract The study aimed to develop an efficient, rapid, and large-scale in vitro regeneration system for propagation, conservation, and restoration of an endemic and critically endangered herb, Ceropegia mohanramii. The cultures were established using nodal explants on Murashige and Skoog’s (MS) medium supplemented with 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP: 1.0 mg/l). Nodal buds cultured on MS medium supplemented with BAP (2.0 mg/l) along with indole-3-butyric acid (IBA, 0.5 mg/l) resulted with production of maximum number of shoots (17.1 ± 1.2) in hundred percent of the cultures. MS medium supplemented with BAP (2.0 mg/l) along with diverse concentrations of indole-3acetic acid (IAA) promoted the in vitro flowering. In vitro regenerated shoots were transferred to one-half MS medium fortified with singular supplementation of auxins, where IBA (1.5 mg/l) served optimal for production of maximum number of roots (5.7 ± 0.6). In vitro derived plantlets were hardened under controlled conditions in a glasshouse and subsequently transferred to soil. Over 1200 saplings were transplanted to eight different localities of the Western Ghats where over 76% survival is recorded after 1 year of transplantation.

scholarly journals In Vitro Regeneration of Muscari racemosum Mill. Using Twin Bulb Scales, Primary Bulbs, and Leaf Bases

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 714-727
Author(s):  
Çiğdem Alev ÖZEL ◽  
Fatma ÜNAL
Keyword(s):  
Clonal Propagation ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Special Importance ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Important Center

Turkey is an important center of diversity for many plants species including bulbs, rhizomes, tubers, and other plants of high agricultural and horticultural importance. These species have a special importance as ornamental plants. However, due to urbanization and related factors, many of them are under threat. One of these species is the endemic Muscari racemosum Mill. The current study aimed to develop an efficient in vitro commercial bulblet propagation procedure using different explants. Twin-scale bulb explants were regenerated on MS medium having several doses of Kinetin+NAA (1-Naphthaleneacetic acid). The best regeneration was exhibited on 4.65 μM Kinetin+5.37 μM NAA at the end of 10 weeks with induction of 4.08 bulblets/explant with a mean diameter of 0.31 cm. The primary bulblets were cultured on MS medium having 18.60 μM Kinetin+5.37 μM NAA. About a 2.5-fold increase in the diameter of the bulbs (0.76 cm) was exhibited on the regenerated bulblets. The bulblets were regenerated on leaf bases taken from MS medium having several doses of BAP (6-Benzylaminopurine) + NAA. The regenerated bulbs were rooted on MS medium having 4.90 μM IBA (Indole-3-butyric acid) followed by their transference to a greenhouse for acclimatization. This study provided important information on commercial clonal propagation of M. racemosum and the importance of explants and growth regulators in plant regeneration.

scholarly journals Micropropagation of Dianthus deltoides L. through shoot tip and nodal cuttings culture

2013 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marija Markovic ◽  
Marija Popovic ◽  
Dragica Vilotic
Keyword(s):  
Native Plants ◽  
Shoot Multiplication ◽  
Shoot Tip ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Multiplication Rate ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Free Medium ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Nodal Cuttings

Micropropagation (shoot tip and nodal cuttings culture) was used for the rapid propagation of the non-invasive, decorative, native plants of maiden pink (Dianthus deltoides L.) in order to preserve their genetic diversity. In vitro culture was successfully established on Murashige and Skoog medium (MS) using seeds as the initial material. In the shoot multiplication phase, the explants were cultured on MS medium supplemented with different concentrations of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). The highest multiplication rate was achieved on a medium containing 0.1 mgL-1 of BAP and 0.1 mgL-1 of NAA. The rooting was successful on a hormone-free medium (100%), and the highest percentage of microplant acclimatization (97%) was recorded in a 4: 1 mixture of peat and sand.

scholarly journals In Vitro Rooting and Greenhouse Acclimatization of Lachenalia Shoots

HortScience ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 1304-1305 ◽  
Author(s):  
James R. Ault
Keyword(s):  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Potassium Salt ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
In Vitro Rooting ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Tissue Explants

Shoot formation was obtained from Lachenalia arbuthnotiae W.F. Barker, L. bulbifera (Cyrillo) Engl., and L. purpureo-coerulea Jacq. leaf tissue explants cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with sucrose at 30 g·liter–1, 8.87 μm BA, and 0.44 μm K-NAA. Shoots of all three species rooted on subculture to MS medium supplemented with 0.0, 4.14, or 8.29 μm K-IBA or 0.0, 4.46, or 8.92 μm K-NAA. Maximum percent rooting was ≈81% from treatment with 4.14 μm K-IBA for L. arbuthnotiae and with 8.29 μm K-IBA for L. purpureo-coerulea; it was 59% from treatment with 8.92 μm K-NAA for L. bulbifera. Rooted and nonrooted shoots were acclimatized in a greenhouse. Survival of rooted plants was 93% for L. arbuthnotiae, 95% for L. bulbifera, and 94% for L. purpureo-coerulea. Survival of nonrooted shoots was 71% for L. arbuthnotiae and 91% for L. bulbifera. Chemical names used: 6-benzyladenine (BA); potassium salt of indole-3-butyric acid (K-IBA); potassium salt of 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (K-NAA).

scholarly journals (291) Adventitious Shoot Production and Transformation of Euonymus alata

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 1081C-1081
Author(s):  
Alan G. Smith ◽  
Elizabeth S. Zimmermann
Keyword(s):  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Adventitious Shoots ◽  
Adventitious Shoot ◽  
Kanamycin Resistance ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Landscape Plant ◽  
Shoot Production ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Number Of Shoots

Euonymus alata is an attractive landscape plant that has been reported to be an invasive species. Genetic modification through transformation is a method of reducing its invasiveness by producing sterile cultivars having limited or no seed production. A critical step in Agrobacterium-mediated gene transfer is the production of adventitious shoots. E. alata internodes and leaves from in vitro cultures were tested for adventitious shoot production on 16 plant growth regulator combinations: four levels of 6-benzylamino purine (BA) and three auxin treatments [0.5 or 0.25 mg·L-1 indole-3-butyric acid and 0.1 mg·L-1 naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA)], as well as no auxin. The optimal BA levels were found to be 0.5 or 1.0 mg·L-1 for maximizing the number of explants forming shoots and for producing the greatest number of shoots per explant. Culturing on NAA gave the greatest number of shoots per explant with both 0.5 and 1.0 mg·L-1 BA. Shoot production from internode segments was markedly superior to leaves. An initial dark treatment of 10 days did not influence shoot production. Using 1.0 mg BA with 0.1 mg·L-1 NAA, E. alata internodes were transformed with A. tumefaciens EHA105 carrying Kanamycin resistance and β-glucuronidase genes. Transformed shoots were selected on 30 mg·L-1 Kanamycin. Of the 36 shoots produced, 16 were confirmed to be transformed by β-glucuronidase histochemistry. Treatment with rooting powder containing indole-3-butyric acid did not aid rooting of shoots, but after 3 months in soil in high humidity, 21 of 24 E. alata shoots from tissue culture were rooted and acclimated.

scholarly journals Establishment of Cell Suspension Culture and Plant Regeneration in Abrus precatorius L., a Rare Medicinal Plant

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Serajur RAHMAN ◽  
Mohammad Abdul Bari MIAH ◽  
Mohammad Shahadat HOSSAIN ◽  
Ahmad Humayan KABIR ◽  
Mohammad Motiur RAHMAN
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Root Induction ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Liquid Media ◽  
Indolebutyric Acid ◽  
Abrus Precatorius ◽  
Isolated Cell

A new protocol has been developed for cell culture and in vitro regeneration of Abrus precatorius that holds enormous potentiality for preparation of medicines. In vitro grown calli were cultured in Murashige and Skoog (MS) liquid media in agitated condition fortified with 0.5 mg/l 6-Benzylaminopurine. Growth curve of cells revealed that the cells continued to grow until 12 days of culture and got the highest peak from day 6-8. Isolated cell was found to produce highest 8.2% calli when suspended on MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/l 6-Benzylaminopurine and 0.1 mg/l 1-Naphthaleneacetic acid. Callus derived from single cell produced highest number of embryo (25-28%) cultured on MS medium fortified with 2.0 mg/l 6-Benzylaminopurine and 0.2 mg/l 1-Naphthaleneacetic acid. The bipolar embryos were selected and optimum shoot formation was recorded on MS medium supplemented with 2.0 mg/l 6-Benzylaminopurine and 0.1 mg/l 1-Naphthaleneacetic acid. The optimum root induction was noticed in MS medium supplemented with 1.0 mg/l 3-Indolebutyric acid. Rooted plantlets were successfully transferred to potting soil and acclimatized to outdoor conditions.

scholarly journals PHYTOCHEMICAL AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF BALIOSPERMUM MONTANUM (WILLD.) MUELL. ARG.

2019 ◽  
pp. 241-245
Author(s):  
RAVEESHA HR ◽  
SUSHMA BK
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Isolation And Characterization

Objective: The present study was carried out to evaluate the phytochemical constituents and antioxidant potential of the leaf, stem, root, and stem-derived callus extracts of Baliospermum montanum. Methods: An in vitro regeneration protocol was developed for the induction of callus from stem segments cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with different concentrations and combination of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), 6-furfurylaminopurine (KIN), 1-naphthaleneacetic acid, and 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. The total phenol, flavonoid, and tannin content were determined according to standard methods. The antioxidant activity of methanolic extract was evaluated using 2, 2-diphenyl-l-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and reducing power assays. Results: The maximum callus induction was observed on MS medium supplemented with a combination of KIN (0.5 mg/L) + BAP (3.0 mg/L). Methanolic extract of root and aqueous extract of leaf exhibited higher content of phenols. Whereas total flavonoids and tannin were maximum in methanolic extract of leaf compared to other extracts. The methanolic extract of B. montanum leaf had greater antioxidant activity than stem, root, and callus by DPPH and reducing power assays. Conclusion: Our study suggests that the methanolic extracts of B. montanum showed potent free radical scavenging activity. Further studies are necessary for isolation and characterization of phytochemical compounds.

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