The anti-tumor agent, 5,6-dimethylxanthenone-4-acetic acid (DMXAA), induces IFN-β-mediated antiviral activity in vitro and in vivo

Presently, there is no FDA- or EMA-approved antiviral for the treatment of human adenovirus (HAdV) ocular infections. This study determined the antiviral activity of filociclovir (FCV) against ocular HAdV isolates in vitro and in the Ad5/NZW rabbit ocular model. The 50% effective concentrations (EC50) of FCV and cidofovir (CDV) were determined for several ocular HAdV types using standard plaque reduction assays. Rabbits were topically inoculated in both eyes with HAdV5. On day 1, the rabbits were divided into four topical treatment groups: (1) 0.5% FCV 4x/day × 10 d; (2) 0.1% FCV 4x/day × 10 d; (3) 0.5% CDV 2x/day × 7 d; (4) vehicle 4x/day × 10 d. Eyes were cultured for virus on days 0, 1, 3, 4, 5, 7, 9, 11, and 14. The resulting viral eye titers were determined using standard plaque assays. The mean in vitro EC50 for FCV against tested HAdV types ranged from 0.50 to 4.68 µM, whereas those treated with CDV ranged from 0.49 to 30.3 µM. In vivo, compared to vehicle, 0.5% FCV, 0.1% FCV, and 0.5% CDV produced lower eye titers, fewer numbers of positive eye cultures, and shorter durations of eye infection. FCV demonstrated anti-adenovirus activity in vitro and in vivo.

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ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY OF CURCUMIN AND CAPSAICIN AUGMENTED IN COMBINATION

International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.22159/ijpps.2017v9i6.18635 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (6) ◽

pp. 145

Author(s):

Thriveni Vasanth Kumar ◽

Manjunatha H. ◽

Rajesh Kp

Keyword(s):

Acetic Acid ◽

Protective Effect ◽

Vascular Permeability ◽

Diclofenac Sodium ◽

Significant Inhibition ◽

Inflammatory Activity ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

The Individual

Objective: Dietary curcumin and capsaicin are well known for their health beneficial potencies. The current study was done to assess the anti-inflammatory activity of curcumin, capsaicin and their combination by employing in vitro and in vivo models.Methods: We investigated the protective effect of curcumin, capsaicin and their combination using in vitro heat induced human red blood cell (HRBC) membrane stabilisation, in vivo 3% agar induced leukocyte mobilisation and acetic acid induced vascular permeability assay.Results: Curcumin, capsaicin and their combination exhibited concentration dependent protective effect against heat-induced HRBC membrane destabilisation, while combined curcumin and capsaicin restored 87.0±0.64 % membrane stability and it is found to be better than curcumin, capsaicin and diclofenac sodium (75.0±0.25. 72±0.9 and 80.0±0.31 %) protective effect. In agar suspension induced leukocyte mobilization assay, the combined curcumin and capsaicin had shown 39.5±1.58 % of inhibition compared to individual curcumin and capsaicin, which showed moderate inhibition of 16.0±3.14 and 21.6±2.17 % respectively. Besides, the combined curcumin and capsaicin had shown highly significant inhibition of acetic acid-induced vascular permeability in rats (62.0±3.14 %), whereas individual curcumin and capsaicin showed moderate inhibition of vascular permeability with 36.0±2.41 and 43.0±1.92 % respectively.Conclusion: This study demonstrates the significant anti-inflammatory property of combined curcumin and capsaicin at half of the individual concentration of curcumin and capsaicin.

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Possible Future Monoclonal Antibody (mAb)-Based Therapy against Arbovirus Infections

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2013/838491 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-21 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Giuseppe Sautto ◽

Nicasio Mancini ◽

Giacomo Gorini ◽

Massimo Clementi ◽

Roberto Burioni

Keyword(s):

Monoclonal Antibody ◽

Monoclonal Antibodies ◽

Side Effects ◽

Antiviral Activity ◽

The Other ◽

Viral Escape ◽

Passive Immunotherapy ◽

Medical Need

More than 150 arboviruses belonging to different families are known to infect humans, causing endemic infections as well as epidemic outbreaks. Effective vaccines to limit the occurrence of some of these infections have been licensed, while for the others several new immunogens are under development mostly for their improvements concerning safety and effectiveness profiles. On the other hand, specific and effective antiviral drugs are not yet available, posing an urgent medical need in particular for emergency cases. Neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have been demonstrated to be effective in the treatment of several infectious diseases as well as in preliminaryin vitroandin vivomodels of arbovirus-related infections. Given their specific antiviral activity as well-tolerated molecules with limited side effects, mAbs could represent a new therapeutic approach for the development of an effective treatment, as well as useful tools in the study of the host-virus interplay and in the development of more effective immunogens. However, before their use as candidate therapeutics, possible hurdles (e.g., Ab-dependent enhancement of infection, occurrence of viral escape variants) must be carefully evaluated. In this review are described the main arboviruses infecting humans and candidate mAbs to be possibly used in a future passive immunotherapy.

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Template-dependent biosynthesis of poly(G)·poly(C) and its antiviral activity in vitro and in vivo

Antiviral Research ◽

10.1016/s0166-3542(98)00018-7 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 38 (2) ◽

pp. 131-140 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M.A Surzhik ◽

L.M Vilner ◽

A.L Katchurin ◽

A.L Timkovskii

Keyword(s):

Antiviral Activity

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The ectopic expression of Arabidopsis glucosyltransferase UGT74D1 affects leaf positioning through modulating indole-3-acetic acid homeostasis

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-81016-x ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Shanghui Jin ◽

Bingkai Hou ◽

Guizhi Zhang

Keyword(s):

Acetic Acid ◽

Ectopic Expression ◽

Leaf Angle ◽

Kinase Substrate ◽

Auxin Distribution ◽

Leaf Tissues ◽

Photosynthesis Efficiency ◽

Indole 3 Acetic Acid

AbstractLeaf angle is an important agronomic trait affecting photosynthesis efficiency and crop yield. Although the mechanisms involved in the leaf angle control are intensively studied in monocots, factors contribute to the leaf angle in dicots are largely unknown. In this article, we explored the physiological roles of an Arabidopsis glucosyltransferase, UGT74D1, which have been proved to be indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) glucosyltransferase in vitro. We found that UGT74D1 possessed the enzymatic activity toward IAA glucosylation in vivo and its expression was induced by auxins. The ectopically expressed UGT74D1 obviously reduced the leaf angle with an altered IAA level, auxin distribution and cell size in leaf tissues. The expression of several key genes involved in the leaf shaping and leaf positioning, including PHYTOCHROME KINASE SUBSTRATE (PKS) genes and TEOSINTE BRANCHED1, CYCLOIDEA, and PCF (TCP) genes, were dramatically changed by ectopic expression of UGT74D1. In addition, clear transcription changes of YUCCA genes and other auxin related genes can be observed in overexpression lines. Taken together, our data indicate that glucosyltransferase UGT74D1 could affect leaf positioning through modulating auxin homeostasis and regulating transcription of PKS and TCP genes, suggesting a potential new role of UGT74D1 in regulation of leaf angle in dicot Arabidopsis.

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Antiviral activity of Arbidol against Coxsackie virus B5 in vitro and in vivo

Archives of Virology ◽

10.1007/s00705-009-0346-4 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 154 (4) ◽

pp. 601-607 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Qiong Zhong ◽

Zhanqiu Yang ◽

Yuanyuan Liu ◽

Haiying Deng ◽

Hong Xiao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antiviral Activity ◽

Coxsackie Virus

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The anti-tumor agent sagopilone shows antiresorptive effects both in vitro and in vivo

Osteoporosis International ◽

10.1007/s00198-010-1486-9 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 22 (11) ◽

pp. 2887-2893 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

A. Strube ◽

M. I. Suominen ◽

J. P. Rissanen ◽

D. Mumberg ◽

U. Klar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tumor Agent

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Nano-Coated si-SNHG14 Regulated PD-L1 Expression and Decreased Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Cells

Journal of Biomedical Nanotechnology ◽

10.1166/jbn.2021.3162 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 17 (10) ◽

pp. 1993-2002

Author(s):

Haoran Yu ◽

Chen Zhang ◽

Wanpeng Li ◽

Xicai Sun ◽

Quan Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma ◽

Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition ◽

Animal Experiments ◽

Loss Of Function ◽

Mesenchymal Transition ◽

Non Coding Rna ◽

Long Non Coding Rna ◽

Tumor Agent

To investigate the expression characteristics of long non-coding RNA SNHG14 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and its effects on epithelial-mesenchymal transition and development of nano-coated si-SNHG14 as an anti-tumor agent. The SNHG14 expression in cancerous and adjacent non-cancerous tissues was monitored using reverse transcriptionpolymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Gain- and loss-of-function experiments tested the regulation of SNHG14, miR- 5590-3p, and ZEB1 on PD-L1. The binding association between the above three factors was verified using bioinformatics analysis. EMT-related E-cadherin, N-cadherin, and Vimentin were tested using Western blot. Animal experiments in nude mice verified the function of SNHG14 in the EMT of NPC in vivo. The nano-coated si-SNHG14 was developed as an anti-tumor agent and was verified NPC cell in vitro. SNHG14 was upregulated in NPC tissues. Knocking down SNHG14 markedly inhibited the EMT of NPC. Additionally, the expression of ZEB1 was positively related to that of the SNHG14, while it was inversely correlated with that of miR-5590-3p. Moreover, ZEB1 transcription upregulated PD-L1 and promoted the EMT, while SNHG14 could accelerate the EMT of NPC in vivo by regulating the PD-1 and PD-L1. SNHG14-miR-5590- 3p-ZEB1 positively regulated PD-L1 and facilitate the EMT of NPC. Nano-coated si-SNHG14 significantly downregulated PD-L1 expression and decreased EMT.

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