MAPPING GILSONITE VEINS WITH THE ELECTRICAL RESISTIVITY METHOD

Geophysics ◽  
1967 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 302-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter W. Hays ◽  
Otto W. Nuttli ◽  
Leroy Scharon
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Resistivity ◽  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Apparent Resistivity ◽  
Electrical Current ◽  
Electrode Configuration ◽  
Electrode Spacing ◽  
Uinta Basin ◽  
Resistivity Method ◽  
Electrical Resistivity Method

Gish‐Rooney type electrical resistivity equipment was employed to map the location and structural attitude of gilsonite veins in the Uinta Basin, southeast of Vernal, Utah. Horizontal profiles at right angles to the strike of the dike‐like gilsonite veins were made using the Wenner electrode configuration. Very sharp anomalies with a peak apparent resistivity value of the order of 20,000–25,000 ohm‐cm were observed. The peak values were measured over the center of the vein, but smaller auxiliary highs were also observed, symmetrically spaced on each side of the vein. The position of the auxiliary high varied as a function of the electrode spacing and was found to occur when the current stake was located in the gilsonite. The observed field profiles were compared with various theoretical profiles computed from theoretical apparent resistivity expressions derived through the use of images. The best correlation was obtained when the theoretical model was assumed to have an infinite resistivity relative to that of the surrounding material. This correlation supports the conclusion that the gilsonite veins, because of their extremely large resistivity and their vertical attitude, act as a vertical insulating sheet to the flow of electrical current in the ground.

scholarly journals Evaluation of groundwater potentials of Orogun, South–South part of Nigeria using electrical resistivity method

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sixtus Nwachukwu ◽  
Rasaq Bello ◽  
Ayomide O. Balogun
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Resistivity ◽  
Groundwater Potential ◽  
Electrical Anisotropy ◽  
Electrode Spacing ◽  
Electrical Resistivity Survey ◽  
Resistivity Method ◽  
Transverse Resistance ◽  
Hydrocarbon Sources ◽  
Electrical Resistivity Method ◽  
Dar Zarrouk Parameters

Abstract An investigation has been made of the groundwater potentials of Orogun Town, Ughelli North Local Government Area of Delta State, Nigeria, using electrical resistivity survey. This study motivated to determine electrical resistivity parameters of the area. The aim of this work is to use electrical resistivity method to explore the groundwater potentials of Orogun Town with the determination of its Dar Zarrouk parameters. A total of eight vertical electrical sounding (VES) were conducted with maximum electrode spacing of 150 m. The data were acquired using ABEM SAS 4000 Terrameter and processed using IPI2win and Interpex softwares. The groundwater potentials of the area are evaluated based on the longitudinal conductance (S), transverse resistance (T), coefficient of electrical anisotropy (λ), resistivity for the formation ($$\rho_{\text{m}}$$ρm), reflection coefficient (RC) and resistivity contrast (FC). The results reveal four subsurface geoelectric layers in seven of the eight VES while one VES revealed three subsurface geoelectric layers. Resistivity values for all the layers in the study area are very high, higher than what is expected in a sedimentary basin as we have in the study area. The resistivity values range from 8470 Ωm (layer 1, VES 7) to 118,030,000 Ωm (layer 3, VES 8). Depth to aquifer in the study area ranged from 1.61 m (VES 2) to 12.41 m (VES 1), while resistivity values of the aquifer ranged from 64,182 Ωm (VES 3) to 118,030,000 Ωm (VES 8). The results from the formation parameters evaluated showed that the area has good groundwater potential but might have been highly contaminated, especially from hydrocarbon sources and other man-made pollutants. The suggested contamination of the aquifer is as a result of the high values of resistivity of the aquifer layers.

Exploration for Marble Deposit in Parts of Okpella, South-Southern Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
K. O. Ozegin
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Resistivity ◽  
Electrode Spacing ◽  
Clayey Sand ◽  
Current Electrode ◽  
Electrical Resistivity Survey ◽  
Resistivity Method ◽  
Resistivity Survey ◽  
Surface Measurements ◽  
Electrical Sounding ◽  
Electrical Resistivity Method

The ultimate aim of the electrical resistivity survey is to determine the resistivity distribution with depth on the basis of surface measurements of the apparent resistivity and to interpret it in terms of geology. Marble deposit was investigated with the application of electrical resistivity method using Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) technique with the aim of characterising this deposit in parts of Okpella. Six (6) VES were acquired using the Schlumberger array for data acquisition with current electrode spacing varying from 1.0 to 150.0 m. The VES data obtained were interpreted using ipi2win Software. The results showed three layers indicating subsurface geologic sequence probed 26.4 m and beyond with clay/clayey sand (23.3 – 219.1 Ωm), sand (423 - 2040 Ωm) and marble (12661 - 404498 Ωm). The occurrence of marble deposit was revealed at VES points at 1, 2 and 5 in the studied area.  This study concluded that the study area had occurrence of the marble deposits, which would be of economic importance, if exploited.

scholarly journals Fractional Current Flow in the Subsurface Using Electrical Resistivity Method: A Laboratory Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
James Adeyemo Adegoke ◽  
Gideon Oluyinka Layade ◽  
Temitayo Kadir
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Resistivity ◽  
Current Flow ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Electrode Spacing ◽  
Curve Matching ◽  
Resistivity Method ◽  
Electrical Resistivity Method ◽  
Matching Techniques ◽  
Schlumberger Array ◽  
Effective Penetration

Abstract The authors describe electrical resistivity method using a laboratory experiment, which was conducted in order to calculate the percentage of current that penetrated each layer of soil arranged in a container using Schlumberger array. Four soil samples arranged in three different set-ups were used. The apparent resistivity obtained was interpreted using curve matching techniques and WinResist iteration yielding types A curve, H curve and A curve, respectively. The interpreted data gave the resistivity of each layer and its thicknesses. The thicknesses obtained from the interpretation were at variance with the actual thicknesses arranged in the container. A multiplier was obtained which serves as a constant in other to obtain the actual thickness. The effective penetration depth of current was determined through the calculated thickness of each layer and the known electrode spacing (AB). The percentage of current that penetrates the layers was found to depend on the electrode spacing as well as the thickness of that layer. Thus, a layer with relatively small thickness has a small percentage of current passing through it compared to a thicker layer.

scholarly journals A Resistivity Survey of Phosphate Nodules in Oshoshun, Southwestern Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oluseun Adetola Sanuade ◽  
Abayomi Adesola Olaojo ◽  
Adesoji Olumayowa Akanji ◽  
Michael Adeyinka Oladunjoye ◽  
Gabriel E. Omolaiye
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Resistivity ◽  
Apparent Resistivity ◽  
Inversion Algorithm ◽  
Clayey Sand ◽  
Southwestern Nigeria ◽  
Resistivity Data ◽  
Resistivity Method ◽  
Dahomey Basin ◽  
Geophysical Study ◽  
Electrical Resistivity Method

Abstract This geophysical study was carried out to determine the occurrence of phosphate nodules in the Oshoshun Formation of the Dahomey Basin, Southwestern Nigeria. The electrical resistivity method, comprising 1D vertical electrical sounding (VES; using Schlumberger array) and 2D geoelectrical imaging (using Wenner array), was used to determine the nature and depth of occurrence of the phosphate nodules. Six profile lines were established within the study area, and inverted sections were generated from the apparent resistivity data using DIPRO inversion algorithm. Five VES points were also acquired in the study area, and Win- Resist programme was used to process and interpret the field resistivity data. Four pits were dug along the profiles to verify the interpreted results. The results obtained by both techniques reveal similar geoelectric units: the top soil, clay, clayey sand and clay at different depths. These layers host pockets of phosphate nodules (78-≥651 Ωm) with varying thicknesses. The strong correlation between the lithology profiles obtained from the pits and the interpreted results of the inverted apparent resistivity sections demonstrates the efficacy of the electrical resistivity method in characterising phosphate occurrence within the formation.

scholarly journals Determination of the Spread of Heavy Metal from Ori-Ile Battery Waste Dumpsite Using Electrical Resistivity Method

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mutiu A. Fakunle ◽  
James A. Adegoke ◽  
Joseph O. Enemali
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Electrical Resistivity ◽  
Apparent Resistivity ◽  
Apparent Conductivity ◽  
Resistivity Method ◽  
Dug Wells ◽  
Electrical Soundings ◽  
Electrical Resistivity Method ◽  
Agricultural Plants

Abstract Contaminants from waste dumpsites have become sources of concern. Disposed wastes (Heavy metal) from battery industries could contaminate soil, agricultural plants, and groundwater. Therefore, this study aimed at the determination of the migration of heavy metal (Lead) from a Battery Waste Dumpsite using the electrical resistivity method. Using Schlumberger array, fifteen (15) Vertical Electrical Soundings (VES) were carried out around a Battery Waste Dumpsite in Ori –Ile, Ikumapaiyi at Olodo community, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria. Preliminary analyses of VES data were performed and were fed into software (WINRESIST 1.0) for qualitative interpretation to reveal apparent resistivity values, the number of layers, and thickness. Three and four layers of topsoil, sandy-clayed, weathered/fractured basement, and basement were obtained. Various values of lowest apparent resistivity and depths of penetration of leached lead on the four sides of the battery waste dumpsite were obtained. The lowest apparent resistivity values obtained were converted to apparent conductivity and plotted against the distance of each VES point. Five collected water samples from available hand-dug wells around the dumpsite were analyzed for the presence of lead using an Atomic Absorption Spectrometer. Graph of apparent conductivity against VES distance indicated a decrease in conductivities with distance, an indication of reduction of Concentration of lead with distance. The level of Lead ranged from 0.081 to 0.770 mg/L which was above the tolerance level of 0.01 mg/L of WHO and SON, an indication of heavy metal pollution in groundwater. This study has established that lead ions were present in groundwater and had spread to a distance of 80 m from the battery waste dumpsite and were more pronounced on the southern region of the dumpsite.

scholarly journals Geo-electrical investigation of the groundwater potential of Ogidi and environs, Anambra State, South-eastern Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 1053-1067
Author(s):  
C. C. Onyekwelu ◽  
C. N. Onwubuariri ◽  
T. I. Mgbeojedo ◽  
L. S. Al-Naimi ◽  
B. I. Ijeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Resistivity ◽  
Groundwater Potential ◽  
Electrode Spacing ◽  
Current Electrode ◽  
Anambra State ◽  
Electrical Investigation ◽  
Resistivity Method ◽  
Maximum Current ◽  
Electrical Resistivity Method ◽  
Water Saturated

AbstractThe electrical resistivity method was used to determine the groundwater potential of Ogidi and its environs. Thirteen soundings were carried out at thirteen different locations using the ABEM terrameter (SAS 1000), and adopting the Schlumberger configuration with maximum current electrode spacing of 1000 m. The lithologic logs for the boreholes were used to delineate the geologic sections. The results revealed six to nine geo-electric layers comprising laterite, clayey sandstone, sandstone, water-saturated sandstone and shale. The water-saturated sandstone forms the aquiferous unit. This unit was found to have resistivity values ranging from 363Ωm to 9107Ωm. It is deeply seated in some areas with a depth of 33.2–103 m. It was observed that the hydraulic conductivity varies between 0.001 and 0.066 m/day, while the transmissivity values vary between 0.01 and 4.7 m2/day. Among all the VES points studied, it was observed that VES 1 has the highest transmissivity value and the highest aquifer thickness. In view of the foregoing, it is expected that water will flow more from aquifer in VES 1 since groundwater flow from an aquifer is directly proportional to transmissivity.

ELECTRICAL RESISTIVITY METHOD APPLIED TO STUDY GROUNDWATER CONTAMINATION AROUND THE ALAGOINHAS CEMETERY, BAHIA, BRAZIL

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo M.S. Amarante ◽  
Olivar A.L. de Lima ◽  
Susana S. Cavalcanti
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Resistivity ◽  
Groundwater Contamination ◽  
Electrode Array ◽  
Hydrological Conditions ◽  
Vertical Electrical Soundings ◽  
Resistivity Method ◽  
Electrical Soundings ◽  
Electrical Resistivity Method

ABSTRACT. To investigate the subsurface geological and hydrological conditions around the area of the Alagoinhas county cemetery – Bahia State, Brazil, 38 vertical electrical soundings using Schlumberger electrode array were performed to a maximum AB/2 spacing... RESUMO. Para investigar as condições geológicas e hidrológicas da subsuperfície na área do entorno do Cemitério Municipal de Alagoinhas, Bahia, foram realizadas 38 sondagens elétricas verticais centradas em pontos acessíveis da área. As sondagens foram...

A TRI‐POTENTIAL METHOD OF RESISTIVITY PROSPECTING

Geophysics ◽  
1956 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 455-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. W. Carpenter ◽  
G. M. Habberjam
Keyword(s):  
Apparent Resistivity ◽  
Potential Method ◽  
Electrode Configuration ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Resistivity Method

This paper describes a method whereby three resistances are measured for a four electrode configuration, and relations between these three resistances and their corresponding apparent resistivities are derived. The practical application of the resistance relation as a means of detecting observational and instrumental errors is indicated. The concept of apparent resistivity is examined and by means of examples it is shown that the apparent resistivity can take negative values. Finally, the possibility of using the triple resistivity method as a means of distinguishing between the effects of lateral and vertical resistivity changes on depth probes is discussed.

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