Mass Transport Deposit (MTD) or Complex Channel System? A case study of the 3D Nimitz Seismic Survey, Taranaki Basin, New Zealand

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Roberto Clairmont ◽  
Heather Bedle
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Mass Transport ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Seismic Survey ◽  
Mass Wasting ◽  
Channel System ◽  
System A ◽  
Stratigraphic Architecture ◽  
Complex Channel

The Taranaki Basin is well known for studies examining the seismic stratigraphy, depositional and erosional features, and tectonic frameworks linked to the New Zealand (NZ) continent. This particular study examines a “funny looking thing” (FLT) which we associate to be consistent with that of a braided channelized system. We observe this feature within the 3D Nimitz Survey (See Figure 1), located in the Northern Taranaki Basin (NTB) off the western continental coast of North Island, NZ. The FLT occurs within Quaternary deposits of the Whenuakura Formation which are interpreted to reflect shelfal topset sediments (O’Leary et al., 2010). It is underlain by the Giant Foresets Formation (GFF) of Pliocene to Pleistocene age, which are described as large-scale progradational and aggradational continental successions that migrated west to northwest in basinward direction (Anell and Midtkandal, 2017; Clairmont et al., 2020; Hansen and Kamp, 2002; Shumaker et al., 2017) (Figure 2). It comprises a shelf-to-slope succession of claystone to siltstone with argillaceous sandstone intervals defining an overall coarsening upward succession (O’Leary et al., 2010). The FLT within the Whenuakura Formation is characterized by chaotic facies in cross section, which shares characteristics with potential mass wasting events (Figure 3a). However, further analysis using seismic attributes improved the spatial and stratigraphic architecture of the FLT, which favored a complex channelized system interpretation over a mass transport deposit complex.

Large-scale mass-wasting processes following the 232 CE Hatepe Eruption of Taupo Volcano, New Zealand - Sedimentary features and dispersal of reworked Taupo Ignimbrite in the Ongarue River valley

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anke Verena Zernack ◽  
Jonathan Noel Procter
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Basal Layer ◽  
Source Area ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Mass Wasting ◽  
Sedimentary Characteristics ◽  
Sediment Yields ◽  
Fluvial Sedimentation ◽  
Taupo Volcano

<p>The 232 CE Hatepe Eruption of Taupo Volcano, New Zealand (also referred to as Taupo Eruption), was one of the most violent and complex silicic eruptions worldwide in the last 5,000 years. The pyroclastic sequence was subdivided into 7 distinct stratigraphic units that reflect diverse eruption mechanisms with pumice fallout unit 5 (Taupo Plinian) and unit 6 (Taupo Ignimbrite) contributing the largest volumes, an estimated 5.8 km<sup>3</sup> and 12.1 km<sup>3 </sup>DRE respectively. The non-welded Taupo Ignimbrite was emplaced by a highly energetic flow over a near-circular area of 20,000 km<sup>2</sup> around the vent, reaching distances of 80±10 km. It consists of an irregular basal layer and a thicker pumice-dominated main unit containing varying proportions of pumice clasts, vitric ash and dense components, overlain by a thin co-ignimbrite ash bed. The main ignimbrite unit shows two distinct facies, a landscape-mantling veneer deposit that gradually decreases from 10 m proximal thickness to 15-30 cm distally and a more voluminous, up to 70-m thick valley-ponded ignimbrite that filled depressions and smoothed out the landscape.</p><p>The sudden influx of vast volumes of loose pyroclastic material choked the drainage systems around the volcano, resulting in a large-scale geomorphic and sedimentary response. While previous work focused on major river catchments north to southeast of the volcano, we aim at characterising and quantifying landscape adjustment and remobilisation processes to the west, using stratigraphic, sedimentologic and geomorphic field studies of the volcaniclastic sequences along the Ongarue and Whanganui River valleys. Our working hypothesis involves a four-stage landscape response model based on previously described mass-wasting processes in the aftermath of large explosive eruptions: 1) large-scale remobilisation of ignimbrite veneer material from sloping surfaces by series of debris and hyperconcentrated flows, emplacing lahar deposits across the ignimbrite dispersal area and beyond, 2) cutting of steep channels into valley-ponded ignimbrite and resedimentation as lahar deposits downstream, 3) gradual widening of channels leading to establishment of an active channel with adjacent floodplains as sediment yields decrease and the landscape restabilises, represented by normal stream flow and flood deposits in the ignimbrite dispersal area and a shift from lahar to fluvial- dominated sequences downstream, and 4) return to pre-eruption sediment yields resulting in further downward incision to the original bedrock channel bed and prevailing fluvial sedimentation processes with remnants of primary and reworked deposits preserved as terraces along the valley walls.</p><p>Here we present initial results on the stratigraphy of the volcaniclastic sequence and the sedimentary characteristics and dispersal of the identified lithofacies associations, which range from debris-flow and hyperconcentrated-flow to pumiceous fluvial deposits. Tempo-spatial variations in deposit characteristics are due to differences in source material, flow type, and nature of the source area and depositional environment.</p>

scholarly journals Large-scale nationwide ridesharing system: A case study of Chunyun

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiwei Jiang ◽  
Carlos Ruiz Dominguez ◽  
Pei Zhang ◽  
Max Shen ◽  
Lin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
System A

Maximizing Recovery from Gas Injection in a Complex Channel System - Edop Field Case Study

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.J. Onwude ◽  
C. Jackson ◽  
E. Anidi ◽  
A. Ojo ◽  
F. Obere ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Injection ◽  
Channel System ◽  
Field Case ◽  
Complex Channel

scholarly journals Pay-for-performance in primary health care: A comparative study of health policymaking in England and New Zealand

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Verna May Smith
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Policy Change ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Pay For Performance ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Multiple Streams ◽  
Incremental Change ◽  
Multiple Streams Framework

<p>England and New Zealand introduced pay-for-performance schemes in their primary health care systems, with incentives for general practitioners to achieve improved population-based health outcomes, between 2001 and 2007. These schemes were part of health reforms to change the relationship between the state and the medical profession, giving the state increased influence over the quality and allocation of publicly funded health care. Two schemes of differing size, scope and impact were implemented. This research takes a comparative approach to exploring each policymaking process, utilising quasi-natural experimental conditions in these two Westminster governing systems to test the relevance of Kingdon’s multi-theoretic Multiple Streams Framework and other theoretical approaches to explain policy variation and change.  The research documented and analysed the agenda-setting, alternative selection and implementation phases in the two policymaking processes and identified the key drivers of policymaking in each case study. A qualitative methodology, based upon documentary analysis and semi-structured interviews with 26 decision-makers, leaders and participants, was used to develop the two case studies, providing rich descriptive details and rare insights into closed policymaking approaches as seen by the participants. From this case study evidence, themes were drawn out and reviewed for consistency with Kingdon’s Multiple Streams Framework as it has been interpreted and adapted by Zahariadis. The case study evidence and themes were considered in a framework of comparative analysis where patterns of similarity and difference were established. The utility of Kingdon’s Multiple Streams Framework in interpreting the case study evidence was assessed.  This analysis demonstrated that Kingdon’s Framework, as interpreted by Zahariadis, had high descriptive power for both case studies but failed to predict the patterns of non-incremental change observed or the importance of institutional factors such as ownership and governance arrangements for public services, interest group structure and historical antecedents seen in the two policymaking processes.  The research finds that the use of bargaining in England and not in New Zealand is the reason for major differences in speed, scope and outcomes of the two pay-for-performance schemes. Institutional structures in the general practice sub-system are therefore the primary driver of policy change and variation. These acted as enablers of non-incremental change in the English case study, providing incentives for actors individually and collectively to design and rapidly to implement a large-scale pay-for-performance scheme. The institutional features of the general practice sub-system in New Zealand acted as a constraint to the development of a large-scale scheme although non-incremental change was achieved. Phased approaches to implementation in New Zealand were necessary and slowed the delivery of outcomes from the scheme.  With respect to other drivers of policy change and variation, the role of individual actors as policy and institutional entrepreneurs was important in facilitating policy design in each country, with different types of entrepreneurs with different skills being observed at different stages of the process. These entrepreneurs were appointed and working within the bureaucracy to the direction of decision-makers in both countries. England and New Zealand shared ideas about the benefits of New Public Management approaches to public policymaking, including support for pay-for-performance approaches, and there was a shared positive socio-economic climate for increased investment in health services.  The research provides evidence that Westminster governing systems are capable of purposeful and orderly non-incremental health policy change and that Kingdon’s Multiple Streams Framework, which theorises policy formation in conditions of ambiguity, needs to be enhanced to improve its relevance for such jurisdictions. Recommendations for its enhancement are made.</p>

Application of PMUs to monitor large-scale PV penetration infeed on frequency of 60 Hz Japan power system: A case study from Kyushu Island

2020 ◽  
Vol 185 ◽  
pp. 106393
Author(s):  
Thongchart Kerdphol ◽  
Yoshiaki Matsukawa ◽  
Masayuki Watanabe ◽  
Yasunori Mitani
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
System A ◽  
Kyushu Island ◽  
Pv Penetration

A Large Scale SHM System: A Case Study on Pre-stressed Bridge and Cloud Architecture

2019 ◽  
pp. 75-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriele Bertagnoli ◽  
Francescantonio Lucà ◽  
Marzia Malavisi ◽  
Diego Melpignano ◽  
Alfredo Cigada
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Cloud Architecture ◽  
System A

scholarly journals Modelling of large-scale electric vehicles charging demand: A New Zealand case study

2019 ◽  
Vol 167 ◽  
pp. 171-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Su ◽  
T.T. Lie ◽  
Ramon Zamora
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Charging Demand
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