Two-Stage Channel Adaptive Algorithm for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Localization with Cellular Networks

Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is regarded as a powerful tool to expand the existing ground wireless network into aerial space. Since high mobility is an essential characteristic for UAV, it is important to carry out an accurate, real-time, and high-precision localization in terms of safe operation and communication link maintenance. The cellular network-based localization technology has provided UAV a solution with both high coverage and seamless connection. However, the complex channel environment between the UAV and terrestrial base station (BS) would have weakened the localization performance. To solve this problem, a two-stage channel adaptive algorithm for cellular-connected UAV has been proposed. The first stage of the algorithm is to revise the observation error introduced by the complex channel environment using the model of DDPG. The second stage is to locate the UAV position with TDOA algorithm using the revised observation values. Simulation results have demonstrated that the proposed algorithm can achieve the channel adaptive effect by revising the observation errors and improve location performance greatly, especially for UAVs at a relative lower altitude.

A Fast Gridding Method for Capturing Geological Complexity and Uncertainty

Summary In this paper, we introduce an efficient method to generate reservoir simulation grids and modify the fault juxtaposition on the generated grids. Both processes are based on a mapping method to displace vertices of a grid to desired locations without changing the grid topology. In the gridding process, a grid that can capture stratigraphical complexity is first generated in an unfaulted space. The vertices of the grid are then displaced back to the original faulted space to become a reservoir simulation grid. The resulting inversely mapped grid has a mapping structure that allows fast and easy fault juxtaposition modification. This feature avoids the process of updating the structural framework, which may be time-consuming. There is also no need to regenerate most of the reservoir properties in the new grid. To facilitate juxtaposition updates within an assisted history matching workflow, several parameterized fault throw adjustment methods are introduced. Grid examples are given for reservoirs with Y-faults, overturned beds, and complex channel-lobesystems.

A Fast Gridding Method for Capturing Geological Complexity and Uncertainty

In this paper, we introduce an efficient method to generate reservoir simulation grids and modify the fault juxtaposition on the generated grids. Both processes are based on a mapping method to displace vertices of a grid to desired locations without changing the grid topology. In the gridding process, a grid that can capture stratigraphical complexity is first generated in an unfaulted space. The vertices of the grid are then displaced back to the original faulted space to become a reservoir simulation grid. The resulting reversely mapped grid has a mapping structure that allows fast and easy fault juxtaposition modification. This feature avoids the process of updating the structural framework and regenerating the reservoir properties, which may be time-consuming. To facilitate juxtaposition updates within an assisted history matching workflow, several parameterized fault throw adjustment methods are introduced. Grid examples are given for reservoirs with Y-faults, overturned bed, and complex channel-lobe systems.

Mass Transport Deposit (MTD) or Complex Channel System? A case study of the 3D Nimitz Seismic Survey, Taranaki Basin, New Zealand

The Taranaki Basin is well known for studies examining the seismic stratigraphy, depositional and erosional features, and tectonic frameworks linked to the New Zealand (NZ) continent. This particular study examines a “funny looking thing” (FLT) which we associate to be consistent with that of a braided channelized system. We observe this feature within the 3D Nimitz Survey (See Figure 1), located in the Northern Taranaki Basin (NTB) off the western continental coast of North Island, NZ. The FLT occurs within Quaternary deposits of the Whenuakura Formation which are interpreted to reflect shelfal topset sediments (O’Leary et al., 2010). It is underlain by the Giant Foresets Formation (GFF) of Pliocene to Pleistocene age, which are described as large-scale progradational and aggradational continental successions that migrated west to northwest in basinward direction (Anell and Midtkandal, 2017; Clairmont et al., 2020; Hansen and Kamp, 2002; Shumaker et al., 2017) (Figure 2). It comprises a shelf-to-slope succession of claystone to siltstone with argillaceous sandstone intervals defining an overall coarsening upward succession (O’Leary et al., 2010). The FLT within the Whenuakura Formation is characterized by chaotic facies in cross section, which shares characteristics with potential mass wasting events (Figure 3a). However, further analysis using seismic attributes improved the spatial and stratigraphic architecture of the FLT, which favored a complex channelized system interpretation over a mass transport deposit complex.

Modelling, Analysis, and Simulation of the Micro-Doppler Effect in Wideband Indoor Channels with Confirmation Through Pendulum Experiments

This paper is about designing a 3D no n-stationary wideband indoor channel model for radio-frequency sensing. The proposed channel model allows for simulating the time-variant (TV) characteristics of the received signal of indoor channel in the presence of a moving object. The moving object is modelled by a point scatterer which travels along a trajectory. The trajectory is described by the object’s TV speed, TV horizontal angle of motion, and TV vertical angle of motion. An expression of the TV Doppler frequency caused by the moving scatterer is derived. Furthermore, an expression of the TV complex channel transfer function (CTF) of the received signal is provided, which accounts for the influence of a moving object and fixed objects, such as walls, ceiling, and furniture. An approximate analytical solution of the spectrogram of the CTF is derived. The proposed channel model is confirmed by measurements obtained from a pendulum experiment. In the pendulum experiment, the trajectory of the pendulum has been measured by using an inertial-measurement unit (IMU) and simultaneously collecting CSI data. For validation, we have compared the spectrogram of the proposed channel model fed with IMU data with the spectrogram characteristics of the measured CSI data. The proposed channel model paves the way towards designing simulation-based activity recognition systems.

A Method for Predicting Radiated Acoustic Field in Shallow Sea Based on Wave Superposition and Ray

The traditional free-space and half-space analysis method ignore the reflection of the upper and lower boundaries of shallow sea and are not suitable for analyzing shallow sea problems especially at high frequency. Hence, a method combining ray theory and wave superposition theory is proposed in this paper to predict the high-frequency radiated acoustic field in shallow water. The proposed method takes into account the effect of channel boundaries on the acoustic field and has good adaptability to complex channel environments and accuracy of the calculated acoustic field.

Noise reduction for digital communications – A modified Costas loop

An efficient way of noise reduction has been presented: A modified Costas loop called as Masterpiece. The basic version of the Costas loop has been developed for SSB SC demodulation, but the same circuit can be applied for QAM demodulation as well. Noise sensitivity of the basic version has been decreased. One trick is the transformation of the real channel input into complex signal, the other one is the application of our folding algorithm. The result is that the Masterpiece provides a 4QAM symbol error rate (SER) of 6*10-4 for input signal to noise ratio (SNR) of -1 dB. In this paper, an improved version of the original Masterpiece is introduced. The complex channel input signal is normalized, and rotational average is applied. The 4QAM result is SER of 3*10-4 for SNR of -1 dB. At SNR of 0 dB, the improved version produces 100 times better SER than that the original Costas loop does.