The Short-Term Storage of Auditory and Visual Two-Channel Digits by Elderly Patients with Memory Disorder

1961 ◽  
Vol 107 (451) ◽  
pp. 1062-1069 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. K. Caird ◽  
James Inglis
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Simultaneous Presentation ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Previous Evidence ◽  
Memory Disorder ◽  
Term Retention ◽  
Sensory Modalities ◽  
With Memory ◽  
Term Storage ◽  
Normal Adults

The investigation to be reported in this paper was conducted with two principal aims in view. Firstly, it was desired to confirm evidence that memory disorder in elderly psychiatric patients may be due to a breakdown of processes underlying short-term retention (Inglis, 1960; Inglis and Sanderson, 1961). Such previous evidence supported the notion that memory disorder may in fact result from a disturbance of one of the mechanisms adduced by Broadbent (1957) to account for the ability of young normal adults to respond sequentially to information simultaneously presented through different sensory channels (e.g. both ears at once). Secondly, it was desired to extend the study of these retention processes in such patients to the case in which the channels for the simultaneous presentation of digits comprise two different sensory modalities (i.e. eye and ear together).

Role of Selected Encoding Strategies on Short-Term Retention of Kinesthetic Information

1979 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 963-966 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorrie M. Semler ◽  
Roger W. Simmons
Keyword(s):  
Short Term ◽  
Term Retention ◽  
Short Term Storage ◽  
Kinesthetic Information ◽  
Encoding Strategies ◽  
Encoding Strategy ◽  
Term Storage

30 volunteer subjects were required to use either a counting encoding strategy or an imagery encoding strategy to facilitate recall of information from short-term storage. Subjects were also required to use two reproduction cues in combination with two encoding strategies. Analysis indicated no differences between the accuracy at recall of subjects using imagery or counting strategies of encoding, nor was the predicted interaction between encoding strategies and reproduction cue supported.

scholarly journals The effect of short-term storage temperature on the key headspace volatile compounds observed in Canadian faba bean flour

2021 ◽  
pp. 108201322199884
Author(s):  
Rami Akkad ◽  
Ereddad Kharraz ◽  
Jay Han ◽  
James D House ◽  
Jonathan M Curtis
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Volatile Compounds ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Bean Flour ◽  
Odour Activity Value ◽  
Short Term Storage ◽  
Term Storage

The odour emitted from the high-tannin fab bean flour ( Vicia faba var. minor), was characterized by headspace solid-phase microextraction/gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME/GC–MS). The relative odour activity value (ROAV) was used to monitor the changes in key volatile compounds in the flour during short-term storage at different temperature conditions. The key flavour compounds of freshly milled flour included hexanal, octanal, nonanal, decanal, 3-methylbutanal, phenyl acetaldehyde, (E)-2-nonenal, 1-hexanol, phenyl ethyl alcohol, 1-octen-3-ol, β-linalool, acetic acid, octanoic acid, and 3-methylbutyric acid; these are oxidative degradation products of unsaturated fatty acids and amino acids. Despite the low lipid content of faba beans, the abundances of aldehydes arising during room temperature storage greatly contributed to the flavour of the flour due to their very low odour thresholds. Two of the key volatiles responsible for beany flavour in flour (hexanal, nonanal) increased greatly after 2 weeks of storage at room temperature or under refrigerated conditions. These volatile oxidation products may arise as a result of enzymatic activity on unsaturated fatty acids, and was seen to be arrested by freezing the flour.

scholarly journals Data-Driven Study on the Sustainable Log Movements: Impact of Rail Car Fleet Size on Freight Storage and Car Idling

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 4563
Author(s):  
Sangpil Ko ◽  
Pasi Lautala ◽  
Kuilin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Service Life ◽  
Seasonal Dynamics ◽  
Lake Superior ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Fleet Size ◽  
Interesting Observation ◽  
The Us ◽  
Term Storage ◽  
Scale Data

Rail car availability and the challenges associated with the seasonal dynamics of log movements have received growing attentions in the Lake Superior region of the US, as a portion of rail car fleet is close to reaching the end of its service life. This paper proposes a data-driven study on the rail car peaking issue to explore the fleet of rail cars dedicated to being used for log movements in the region, and to evaluate how the number of cars affects both the storage need at the sidings and the time the cars are idled. This study is based on the actual log scale data collected from a group of forest companies in cooperation with the Lake State Shippers Association (LSSA). The results of our analysis revealed that moving the current log volumes in the region would require approximately 400–600 dedicated and shared log cars in ideal conditions, depending on the specific month. While the higher fleet size could move the logs as they arrive to the siding, the lower end would nearly eliminate the idling of rail cars and enable stable volumes throughout the year. However, this would require short-term storage and additional handling of logs at the siding, both elements that increase the costs for shippers. Another interesting observation was the fact that the reduction of a single day in the loading/unloading process (2.5 to 1.5 days) would eliminate almost 100 cars (20%) of the fleet without reduction in throughput.

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