Anxiety Management Training for Anxiety States: Positive Compared with Negative Self-Statements

1982 ◽  
Vol 140 (4) ◽  
pp. 367-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Ramm ◽  
Isaac Marks ◽  
Richard Stern ◽  
Sahika Yuksel
Keyword(s):  
Management Training ◽  
Panic Attacks ◽  
Modest Improvement ◽  
Anxiety Management ◽  
Anxiety States ◽  
Treatment Conditions ◽  
Anxiety Management Training ◽  
Self Instruction

SummaryTwelve patients complaining of chronic free-floating anxiety, usually also with panic attacks, were assigned at random to treatment by six hour-long sessions of anxiety-management training, either with positive or with negative self-statements, given over six weeks. Patients in both treatment conditions improved, with a small trend favouring positive over negative self-instruction, especially at follow-up. It is unclear how much self-instruction, rather than therapeutic attention or mere passage of time, accounted for the bulk of the modest improvement obtained.

Cognitive Therapy, Analytic Psychotherapy and Anxiety Management Training for Generalised Anxiety Disorder

1994 ◽  
Vol 165 (3) ◽  
pp. 315-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert C. Durham ◽  
Tom Murphy ◽  
Thérèse Allan ◽  
Karen Richard ◽  
Linda R. Treliving ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Therapy ◽  
Psychodynamic Psychotherapy ◽  
Management Training ◽  
Comparable Efficacy ◽  
Generalised Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Anxiety Management ◽  
Intensive Training ◽  
Anxiety Management Training

BackgroundWe test the hypotheses that (a) cognitive therapy is of comparable efficacy to psychodynamic psychotherapy, (b) 8–10 sessions of therapy is as effective as 16–20 sessions, and (c) brief therapist training is as effective as intensive training.MethodOf 178 out-patients referred to a clinical trial of psychological treatment for generalised anxiety, 110 patients met DSM–III–R criteria for generalised anxiety disorder and were randomly assigned to three different forms of psychotherapy. The main comparison was between cognitive therapy and analytic psychotherapy, delivered by experienced therapists at weekly or fortnightly intervals over six months. A third treatment, anxiety management training, was delivered at fortnightly intervals by registrars in psychiatry after a brief period of training. Eighty patients completed treatment and were assessed before treatment, after treatment, and at six-month follow-up.ResultsCognitive therapy was significantly more effective than analytic psychotherapy, with about 50% of patients considerably better at follow-up. Analytic psychotherapy gave significant improvement but to a lesser degree than cognitive therapy. There was no significant effect for level of contact. Patients receiving anxiety management training showed similar improvements to cognitive therapy after treatment, with rather lower proportions showing clinically significant change.ConclusionsCognitive therapy is likely to be more effective than psychodynamic psychotherapy with chronically anxious patients. Significant improvements in symptoms can be achieved by trainee psychiatrists after only brief instruction in behaviourally based anxiety management. However, the superiority of cognitive therapy at follow-up suggests that the greater investment of resources required for this approach is likely to pay off in terms of more sustained improvement. There is no evidence that 16–20 sessions of treatment is more effective, on average, than 8–10 sessions.

Short and Long-Term Effectiveness of Group Anxiety Management Training

1995 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Ormrod
Keyword(s):  
Management Training ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Anxiety Management ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Anxiety Management Training ◽  
Treatment Package

This study explored both the short-term and long-term effectiveness of group anxiety management training. The treatment package employed ran along cognitive-behavioural principles. Consistent with previous evaluations the groups had a significant effect on levels of anxiety and depression as measured by self-report instruments. Participants rated “meeting people with similar problems” and “learning about anxiety” as the two most important therapeutic ingredients. At a follow-up period of greater than two years therapeutic gains, at least in part, seemed to have been maintained.

ONE YEAR FOLLOW-UP OF COGNITIVE THERAPY, ANALYTIC PSYCHOTHERAPY AND ANXIETY MANAGEMENT TRAINING FOR GENERALIZED ANXIETY DISORDER: SYMPTOM CHANGE, MEDICATION USAGE AND ATTITUDES TO TREATMENT

1999 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert C. Durham ◽  
Peter L. Fisher ◽  
Linda R. Trevling ◽  
Cathryn M. Hau ◽  
Karen Richard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Therapy ◽  
Generalized Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Management Training ◽  
Generalized Anxiety ◽  
Medication Usage ◽  
Anxiety Management ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
One Year

A one year follow-up is reported of a randomized clinical trial with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) in which the main comparison was between analytic psychotherapy (AP) and cognitive therapy (CT), each delivered at weekly or fortnightly intervals over a six month period. CT was found to be significantly more effective than AP. However, GAD is a chronic and relapsing condition and follow-up data are needed to assess the durability of improvement and the possibility that the benefits of analytic psychotherapy may be more apparent over the longer term. Data were collected in three areas: (1) symptomatology and overall improvement; (2) medication usage and contact with GPs; and (3) attitudes to therapy. CT was clearly superior to AP on the main outcome measures and only a minority of AP patients made significant improvements. CT but not AP was associated with significant reductions in medication usage, and patients receiving CT were generally more positive about treatment received. Differences between treatments were less evident in the less intensive treatment condition where overall results were relatively poor. The most positive outcomes were achieved in the more intensive CT condition in which approximately two-thirds of patients achieved clinically significant improvements.

Effects of Behavioral Intervention and Interpersonal Feedback on Fear and Avoidance Components of Severe Agoraphobia: A Case Analysis

1981 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 595-605 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. T. De Voge ◽  
Tomas Minor ◽  
Paul Karoly
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Interventions ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Case Analysis ◽  
Treatment Conditions ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Interpersonal Feedback ◽  
Self Instruction ◽  
Travel Distances

Four treatments with a severe agoraphobic were compared in a single-case analysis in which daily anxiety, self-appraisal, Valium intake, and mileage ridden in a car were dependent variables. Treatment conditions sequentially added were relaxation, self-instruction, cognitive restructuring, and interpersonal feedback. Behavioral interventions produced desired changes in anxiety, Valium intake, and self-appraisal, but only after interpersonal feedback did these treatments influence avoidant behavior per se (mileage). A 16-mo. (post-treatment) follow-up showed that, while the patient continued to travel distances from his home which were roughly equivalent to those attained in Phase 4 of treatment, his travels were mainly confined to an area within a 5-mi. radius of his home. This adjustment was accompanied by far fewer hospitalizations, relative freedom from panic, and more expressed interest in family and sexual matters (the latter verified by spouse).

Compliance with Relaxation Training: the Effect of Providing Information

1985 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald Bennett ◽  
Mark Millard
Keyword(s):  
State Anxiety ◽  
Relaxation Training ◽  
Training Session ◽  
Management Training ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Anxiety Management ◽  
Training Groups ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Anxiety Management Training ◽  
Group Programme

In order to test its effect on compliance with recommended practice of relaxation training, patients in anxiety management training groups were provided with additional information about the procedure and its rationale. After an introductory training session all subjects were provided with audiotaped relaxation instructions to use for three weeks until the second group meeting. Additional information was provided either as an audiotaped message at the end of the relaxation instructions (“Message”) or as a printed leaflet (“Leaflet”). In a 2 × 2 factorial experiment 32 subjects were randomly assigned to one of four conditions: (1) Message, (2) Leaflet, (3) Message and Leaflet, (4) Basic Programme alone. Neither manipulation had an effect on self-reported frequency of practice during the three weeks (which was high), but both increased subjects' knowledge of the treatment and also their satisfaction with it. Subjects receiving the message were significantly less likely to drop out of treatment during the remainder of the 16-weeks group programme. Compliance was predicted by subjects' perceptions of the severity of their condition but not by their knowledge, satisfaction or state anxiety.

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