Reactions of Police Officers to Body-Handling after a Major Disaster a Before-and-After Comparison

1991 ◽  
Vol 159 (4) ◽  
pp. 547-555 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Alexander ◽  
Andrew Wells
Keyword(s):  
Police Officers ◽  
Matched Control ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Matched Control Group ◽  
Major Disaster ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Traumatic Distress

This study reports the results of an unusual opportunity to follow up a group of police officers who were involved in body-handling duties following the Piper Alpha disaster, and for whom there were available data from pre-disaster assessments. In addition, after these duties, the officers were compared with a matched control group of officers who had not been involved in such work. The comparisons failed to demonstrate high levels of post-traumatic distress or psychiatric morbidity. The results are interpreted in terms of issues such as the officers' own coping strategies, and major organisational and managerial factors.

Stress Among Police Body Handlers

1993 ◽  
Vol 163 (6) ◽  
pp. 806-808 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Alexander
Keyword(s):  
Police Officers ◽  
Longitudinal Design ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Human Remains ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Managerial Practices ◽  
Major Disaster ◽  
Post Traumatic

Thirty-five police officers were followed up three years after they had been first assessed following their involvement in the retrieval and identification of human remains after a major disaster. Most of these officers were free from signs of psychiatric morbidity. Organisational and managerial practices appear to be powerful antidotes to adverse post-traumatic reactions. In this study the use of a longitudinal design, with a pre-disaster baseline and a control group, suggests that these are robust findings.

Minimum 5-Year Outcomes for Revision Hip Arthroscopy With a Prospective Subanalysis Against a Propensity-Matched Control Primary Group

2021 ◽  
pp. 036354652110130
Author(s):  
David R. Maldonado ◽  
Cynthia Kyin ◽  
Philip J. Rosinsky ◽  
Jacob Shapira ◽  
Samantha C. Diulus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Hip Arthroscopy ◽  
Matched Control ◽  
Harris Hip Score ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Primary Group ◽  
Matched Control Group ◽  
Before And After

Background: There is a paucity of midterm outcome data on hip revision arthroscopic surgery. Purpose: (1) To report minimum 5-year patient-reported outcome measurement scores (PROMSs) in patients who underwent revision hip arthroscopy, (2) to compare minimum 5-year PROMSs with a propensity-matched control group that underwent primary hip arthroscopy, and (3) to compare the rate of achieving the minimal clinically important difference (MCID) at minimum 5-year follow-up between the revision group and the propensity-matched control primary group. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Data were prospectively collected between June 2008 and April 2014. Patients were included who underwent revision hip arthroscopy with preoperative and minimum 5-year follow-up scores for the modified Harris Hip Score (mHHS), Non-arthritic Hip Score (NAHS), Hip Outcome Score–Sports Specific Subscale (HOS-SSS), and visual analog scale (VAS) for pain. Patients with Tönnis grade >1 or with hip conditions such as avascular necrosis, Legg-Calve-Perthes disease, Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, and pigmented villonodular synovitis were excluded. A subanalysis was performed against a propensity-matched control group that underwent primary surgery. Groups were propensity matched in a 1:2 ratio for sex, age, body mass index, and follow-up time. Results: A total of 127 revision arthroscopies (113 patients) were included, and the mean ± SD follow-up time was 72.8 ± 23.3 months. The revision group was 74.0% female, and the average age and body mass index were 34.9 ± 12.4 years and 24.8 ± 4.2, respectively. The revision group demonstrated improvement for all PROMSs and reached the MCID for the mHHS (66.1%), HOS-SSS (68.4%), NAHS (66.9%), and VAS (80.0%). All revision cases were propensity matched to 254 primary arthroscopy cases. PROMSs in the revision group were lower than those of the control group before and after surgery. Delta values were similar between groups for all PROMSs. There were no differences in rates of achieving the MCID. The relative risk of arthroplasty conversion was 2.6 (95% CI, 1.5-4.6) for the revision group as compared with the primary group. Conclusion: Significant improvement in all PROMSs, including the VAS, and high patient satisfaction at minimum 5-year follow-up were reported after revision hip arthroscopy. A high proportion of patients in the revision cohort reached the MCID for the mHHS, HOS-SSS, NAHS, and VAS, with similar rates and magnitudes of improvement relative to the control group. As expected, these data indicate that patients undergoing primary hip arthroscopy have higher PROMSs before and after surgery and lower rates of conversion to arthroplasty.

Psychiatric Morbidity in Sentenced Segregated HIV-Positive Prisoners

1993 ◽  
Vol 163 (6) ◽  
pp. 802-805 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur Dorman ◽  
Art O'Connor ◽  
Eamonn Hardiman ◽  
Aideen Freyne ◽  
Helen O'Neill
Keyword(s):  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Matched Control ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Matched Control Group ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

In this comparative study with a control group of prisoners, psychiatric morbidity was measured in two groups of sentenced prisoners, each group completing the GHQ-30 and 21-item Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Group 1 consisted of 40 segregated HIV-positive prisoners and group 2 a matched control group in the main prison who had no history of HIV seropositivity. All members of group 1 had a history of intravenous drug abuse. The mean GHQ-30 and BDI scores were significantly higher in group 1, and 90% of group 1 were psychiatric ‘cases’ compared with just over 42% of group 2. Levels of psychiatric morbidity present in a third group, consisting of HIV-positive prisoners who had not been segregated (prison authorities were unaware of their seropositivity) are an interesting pointer for further research.

Revision Hip Arthroscopy in the Borderline Dysplastic Population: Reporting Outcomes With Minimum 2-Year Follow-up, With a Subanalysis Against a Propensity-Matched Nondysplastic Control Group

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
David R. Maldonado ◽  
Cynthia Kyin ◽  
Jacob Shapira ◽  
Philip J. Rosinsky ◽  
Mitchell B. Meghpara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Revision Surgery ◽  
Hip Arthroscopy ◽  
Matched Control ◽  
Arthroscopic Surgery ◽  
Harris Hip Score ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Matched Control Group ◽  
Patient Reported

Background: Hip arthroscopy in patients with borderline dysplasia continues to be surrounded by controversy. Even more controversial is the management of the failed hip arthroscopy in this population. There is a paucity of studies in contemporary literature regarding outcomes after arthroscopic revision surgery. Purpose: (1) To report minimum 2-year patient-reported outcome (PRO) scores in patients with borderline dysplasia who underwent revision hip arthroscopy and (2) to compare these PRO scores with those of a propensity-matched control group without dysplasia who underwent revision hip arthroscopy. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Data were prospectively collected between August 2009 and November 2017. Inclusion criteria were revision arthroscopic surgery, capsular plication, and baseline and minimum 2-year follow-up for the following PROs: modified Harris Hip Score (mHHS), Nonarthritic Hip Score (NAHS), Hip Outcome Score–Sports Specific Subscale (HOS-SSS), and visual analog scale (VAS) for pain. Patients with Tönnis grade >1 or previous hip conditions were excluded. Two groups were created: a study group with borderline dysplasia (lateral center-edge angle [LCEA], 18°-25°) and a control group without dysplasia (LCEA, 25°-40°). Groups were propensity-matched in a 1:3 ratio for sex, age, body mass index, and follow-up time. Results: A total of 22 revision borderline dysplastic hips (21 patients) had a minimum 2-year follow-up during the study period. Patients in this group reported significant improvements for all PROs from baseline and achieved the minimal clinically important difference (MCID) for the mHHS at a rate of 70%. Moreover, 21 borderline dysplastic hips (21 patients) were matched to 63 control hips (63 patients). Mean LCEA for the study and control groups was 22.6 ± 1.7 and 32.0 ± 5.0, respectively. Both groups reported similar improvement in all PROs. The rate for achieving the MCID for the mHHS and VAS was similar between groups; however, the control group had higher rates of meeting the MCID for the HOS-SSS and NAHS ( P = .042 and P = .025, respectively). The rates of conversion to hip arthroplasty were 7.9% (n = 5) in the control group and 23.8% (n = 5) in the borderline dysplasia propensity-matched group ( P = .052). The rate of re-revision arthroscopy was 11.1% (n = 7) in the control group and 19.0% (n = 4) on the borderline dysplasia group ( P = .350). Conclusion: After revision hip arthroscopy, significant improvement was obtained for all PROs in patients with borderline dysplasia at a minimum 2-year follow-up. Moreover, outcomes, patient satisfaction, the rate for achieving the MCID for the mHHS and VAS, and the rate for secondary surgery were similar to those of a propensity-matched control group without dysplasia. Nevertheless, there was a nonsignificant trend toward higher secondary procedures in the study group; therefore, arthroscopic revision surgery in the borderline patients should be approached with measured prognosis.

Psychiatric morbidity in bus crews following violent assault: a follow-up study

1992 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 685-693 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nigel Fisher ◽  
Robin Jacoby
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Initial Assessment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Physical Assault ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Assault Victims ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Violent Assault

SynopsisIn a prospective study 22 bus crews who were victims of physical assault were assessed using standardized psychiatric instruments, followed up for 18 months and compared to a non-assaulted control group drawn from the same bus garage. At initial assessment the assaulted group, compared to the controls showed a significant increase in psychiatric impairment and distress (as measured by the GHQ-30 and IES respectively), with 23% of assault victims developing post-traumatic stress disorder as defined by DSM-III-R. At follow-up, while high levels of both psychiatric impairment and distress persisted there was evidence that they may be separate phenomena.

Schizoid personality in childhood: a controlled follow-up study

1980 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sula Wolff ◽  
Jonathan Chick
Keyword(s):  
Child Psychiatry ◽  
Matched Control ◽  
Diagnostic Category ◽  
Operational Definition ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Matched Control Group ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Schizoid Personality ◽  
Definition Of

SyonpsisTwenty-two boys with schizoid personality were followed-up some 10 years later and compared with a matched control group with other diagnoses who had been referred to the same child psychiatry department. The diagnostic category is shown to have predictive validity. A start has been made towards an operational definition of the syndrome.

Return to Sports and Minimum 2-Year Outcomes of Hip Arthroscopy in Elite Athletes With and Without Coexisting Low Back Pain: A Propensity-Matched Comparison

2021 ◽  
pp. 036354652110569
Author(s):  
Andrew E. Jimenez ◽  
Jade S. Owens ◽  
Peter F. Monahan ◽  
David R. Maldonado ◽  
Benjamin R. Saks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Back Pain ◽  
Hip Arthroscopy ◽  
Matched Control ◽  
Elite Athletes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Return To Sports ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Matched Control Group

Background: Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) and return to sports (RTS) after hip arthroscopy for femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAIS) have not been established in elite athletes with coexisting low back pain (LBP). Purpose: (1) To report minimum 2-year PROs and RTS rates after primary hip arthroscopy for FAIS in elite athletes with coexisting LBP and (2) to compare clinical results with a propensity-matched control group of elite athletes without back pain. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Data were reviewed for elite athletes (college and professional) who underwent hip arthroscopy for FAIS and had coexisting LBP between October 2009 and October 2018. Inclusion criteria were preoperative and minimum 2-year follow-up for the modified Harris Hip Score, Nonarthritic Hip Score, Hip Outcome Score–Sports Specific Subscale (HOS-SSS), and visual analog scale for pain. Exclusion criteria were Tönnis grade >1, hip dysplasia (lateral center-edge angle <18°), and previous ipsilateral hip or spine surgery or conditions. Rates of achieving the minimal clinically importance difference (MCID), patient acceptable symptomatic state (PASS), and maximum outcome improvement satisfaction threshold were recorded in addition to RTS. For the subanalysis, the elite athlete study group was propensity matched to an elite athlete control group without back pain. Results: A total of 48 elite athletes with LBP who underwent primary hip arthroscopy met inclusion criteria, and follow-up was available for 42 (87.5%) at 53.2 ± 31.6 months (mean ± SD). Elite athletes with coexisting LBP demonstrated significant improvements in all recorded PROs and achieved the MCID and PASS for the HOS-SSS at rates of 82.5% and 67.5%, respectively. They also returned to sports at a high rate (75.8%), and 79% of them did not report LBP postoperatively. PROs, rates of achieving the MCID and PASS for the HOS-SSS, and RTS rates were similar between the study group and propensity-matched control group. Conclusion: Elite athletes with coexisting LBP who undergo primary hip arthroscopy for FAIS may expect favorable PROs, rates of achieving the MCID and PASS for the HOS-SSS, and RTS rates at minimum 2-year follow-up. These results were comparable to those of a propensity-matched control group of elite athletes without back pain. In athletes with hip-spine syndrome, successful treatment of their hip pathology may help resolve their back pain.

Revision Hip Arthroscopy in High-Level Athletes: Minimum 2-Year Outcomes Comparison to a Propensity-Matched Primary Hip Arthroscopy Control Group

2021 ◽  
pp. 036354652110417
Author(s):  
Peter F. Monahan ◽  
Andrew E. Jimenez ◽  
Jade S. Owens ◽  
Benjamin R. Saks ◽  
David R. Maldonado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Revision Surgery ◽  
Hip Arthroscopy ◽  
Matched Control ◽  
Return To Sport ◽  
Harris Hip Score ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Matched Control Group ◽  
Functional Scores ◽  
High Level

Background: Outcomes of revision hip arthroscopy in the athletic population have not been well established. Purpose: (1) To report clinical outcomes for high-level athletes undergoing revision hip arthroscopy in the setting of femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAIS) or labral tears and (2) to compare these outcomes against a propensity-matched group of high-level athletes undergoing primary hip arthroscopy. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Data for professional, college, and high school athletes were prospectively collected and retrospectively reviewed between January 2012 and October 2018. Patients were included if they underwent revision or primary hip arthroscopy and had preoperative and minimum 2-year patient-reported outcome (PRO) scores for modified Harris Hip Score (mHHS), Non-Arthritic Hip Score (NAHS), Hip Outcome Score Sports-Specific Subscale (HOS-SSS), and visual analog scale (VAS) for pain. The findings and outcomes of revision athletes were compared with a propensity-matched control group of high-level athletes undergoing primary hip arthroscopy. Results: A total of 32 hips (29 patients) undergoing revision hip arthroscopy and 92 hips (88 patients) undergoing primary hip arthroscopy were included in our final analysis with a median follow-up time of 29.5 months (95% CI, 27.2-32.1 months) and 36.5 months (95% CI, 33.5-37.7 months), respectively. Athletes undergoing revision surgery showed significant improvement in all recorded PRO measurements and achieved patient acceptable symptomatic state (PASS) and minimal clinically important difference (MCID) for mHHS at high rates (80.6% and 83.9%, respectively). When compared with a propensity-matched primary control group, patients undergoing revision surgery demonstrated lower preoperative and postoperative scores for mHHS, NAHS, and HOS-SSS, but the magnitude of improvement in functional scores was similar between groups. Athletes undergoing revision surgery achieved PASS for HOS-SSS at lower rates than the control group ( P = .005), and they were less likely to attempt to return to sport compared with the control group (62.5% vs 87.0%; P < .01). Conclusion: Revision hip arthroscopy is a viable treatment option to improve PROs in high-level athletes at minimum 2-year follow-up. The study group showed significant improvement in functional scores and a high rate of successful outcomes. They experienced similar magnitude of improvement as that of a propensity-matched control group; however, they achieved lower postoperative PRO scores and attempted to return to sport at lower rates.

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