scholarly journals Nicotine, alcohol and drug dependence and psychiatric comorbidity

2001 ◽  
Vol 179 (5) ◽  
pp. 432-437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Farrell ◽  
Samantha Howes ◽  
Paul Bebbington ◽  
Traolach Brugha ◽  
Rachel Jenkins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Psychiatric Comorbidity ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Consumption Patterns ◽  
Interview Schedule ◽  
Alcohol And Drug Use ◽  
Alcohol And Drugs ◽  
Drug Dependent ◽  
Alcohol Dependent

BackgroundThere is a well-recognised relationship between substance use disorders and other psychiatric disorders. This relationship has been well documented in a range of population-based studies.AimsThis study aims to report on consumption patterns of and dependence on nicotine, alcohol and non-prescribed drugs and to report on the levels of psychiatric morbidity in these groups.MethodA national household study of psychiatric morbidity was conducted in England and Wales. Psychiatric assessment was based on the Clinical Interview Schedule – Revised (CIS–R). Measures of nicotine, alcohol and drug use and dependence were obtained. This paper compares the levels of psychiatric morbidity in the non-dependent and the nicotine-, alcohol— and drug-dependent cases.ResultsTwelve per cent of the non-dependent population were assessed as having any psychiatric disorder compared with 22% of the nicotine-dependent, 30% of the alcohol-dependent and 45% of the drug-dependent population.ConclusionsThere is a clear relationship between dependence on nicotine, alcohol and drugs and other psychiatric morbidity.

scholarly journals Perceptions of the Use of Alcohol and Drugs after Sudden Bereavement by Unnatural Causes: Analysis of Online Qualitative Data

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 677 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren Drabwell ◽  
Jessica Eng ◽  
Fiona Stevenson ◽  
Michael King ◽  
David Osborn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Substance Misuse ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Free Text ◽  
Highly Educated ◽  
Alcohol And Drugs ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
And Gender

Bereavement is associated with an increased risk of psychiatric morbidity and all-cause mortality, particularly in younger people and after unnatural deaths. Substance misuse is implicated but little research has investigated patterns of drug or alcohol use after bereavement. We used a national online survey to collect qualitative data describing whether and how substance use changes after sudden bereavement. We conducted thematic analysis of free-text responses to a question probing use of alcohol and drugs after the sudden unnatural (non-suicide) death of a family member or a close friend. We analysed data from 243 adults in British Higher Education Institutions aged 18–40, identifying two main themes describing post-bereavement alcohol or drug use: (1) sense of control over use of drugs or alcohol (loss of control versus self-discipline), (2) harnessing the specific effects of drugs or alcohol. Across themes we identified age patterning in relation to substance misuse as a form of rebellion among those bereaved in childhood, and gender patterning in relation to men using alcohol to help express their emotions. The limitations of our sampling mean that these findings may not be generalizable from highly-educated settings to young people in the general population. Our findings describe how some young bereaved adults use drugs and alcohol to help them cope with traumatic loss, and suggest how clinicians might respond to any difficulties controlling substance use.

Short-Term Outcomes of Mothers and Newborn Infants with Comorbid Psychiatric Disorders and Drug Dependency

2009 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 323-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ju Lee Oei ◽  
Mohamed E Abdel-Latif ◽  
Fiona Craig ◽  
Aivy Kee ◽  
Marie-Paule Austin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Comorbidity ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Interquartile Range ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Drug Dependency ◽  
Drug Dependent

Objectives: The aim of the present study was to determine the characteristics and short-term outcomes of mother–infant pairs with comorbid drug dependency and psychiatric disorders. Methods: A population-based retrospective chart review was carried out of 879 drug-dependent mother and infant pairs in New South Wales (NSW) and the Australian Capital Territory (ACT) who delivered between 1 January and 31 December 2004. Results: Psychiatric comorbidity (dual diagnosis, DD) was identified in 396 (45%) of the 879 drug-dependent women. DSM-IV depression (79%), followed by anxiety (20%), was most prevalent. DD women were more likely to use amphetamines (29% vs 18%, p < 0.05), less likely to use opiates (42% vs 51%, p < 0.05) and to have had no antenatal care (24% vs 8%, p < 0.05). They also had more previous pregnancies (4, range = 2–5 vs 3, range = 2–5, p < 0.05) and domestic violence (29% vs 14%, p < 0.05) was more common. DD infants were less likely to be admitted to a nursery (47% vs 55%, p < 0.05). Withdrawal scores were similar (maximum median Finnegan scores = 4 (interquartile range = 3–8) vs 10 (interquartile range = 7–12, p = 0.30) but fewer needed withdrawal medication (19% vs 27%, p < 0.05). Maternal psychotropic agents did not worsen the severity of neonatal withdrawal. Conclusions: Psychiatric comorbidity, especially depression, is common and affects almost half of drug-using mothers. Antenatal care, drug use and social outcomes are worse for DD mothers and their infants. It is recommended that all drug-using women be assessed antenatally for psychosocial disorders so that timely mental health intervention can be offered, if required.

Physical health problems among patients seeking treatment for substance use disorders: A comparison of drug dependent and alcohol dependent patients

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francis Keaney ◽  
Michael Gossop ◽  
Anthony Dimech ◽  
Irene Guerrini ◽  
Michelle Butterworth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Physical Health Problems ◽  
Drug Dependent ◽  
Alcohol Dependent

Alcohol and drugs in relation to sexual offending

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul M.G. Emmelkamp ◽  
Fleur L. Kraanen
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Substance Misuse ◽  
Sexual Offending ◽  
Child Pornography ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Sex Offenses ◽  
Sexual Crimes ◽  
Alcohol And Drug Use ◽  
Alcohol And Drugs ◽  
The Relationship

Substance use and criminal behaviour often go hand in hand, and sexual crimes are no exception. This essay on alcohol and drug use in relation to sexual offending aims to provide a brief overview of the relevant literature on this topic. An important difficulty that arises when discussing the relationship between substance misuse and sexual offending is that both sex offenses and substance misuse are very broadly defined categories. Sex offenses may comprise rape, child molestation, and downloading child pornography, to name a few. The nature of the relationship between substance use and sex offenses may vary for different types of sex offenses.

Understanding the Life Histories of Pregnant-Involved Young Aboriginal Women With Substance Use Experiences in Three Canadian Cities

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sana Z. Shahram ◽  
Joan L. Bottorff ◽  
Donna L. M. Kurtz ◽  
Nelly D. Oelke ◽  
Victoria Thomas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Life Histories ◽  
Life Experiences ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Alcohol And Drug Use ◽  
Women’S Experiences ◽  
Aboriginal Women ◽  
Women's Experiences ◽  
Alcohol And Drugs ◽  
The Social

Despite attention paid to substance use during pregnancy, understandings of young Aboriginal women’s experiences based on their perspectives have been virtually absent in the published literature. This study’s objective was to understand the life experiences of pregnant-involved young Aboriginal women with alcohol and drugs. Semi-structured interviews to gather life histories were conducted with 23 young Aboriginal women who had experiences with pregnancy, and alcohol and drug use. Transcribed interviews were analyzed for themes to describe the social and historical contexts of women’s experiences and their self-representations. The findings detail women’s strategies for survival, inner strength, and capacities for love, healing, and resilience. Themes included the following: intersectional identities, life histories of trauma (abuse, violence, and neglect; intergenerational trauma; separations and connections), the ever-presence of alcohol and drugs, and the highs and lows of pregnancy and mothering. The findings have implications for guiding policy and interventions for supporting women and their families.

scholarly journals Economics of mental well-being: a prospective study estimating associated health care costs and sickness benefit transfers in Denmark

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ziggi Ivan Santini ◽  
Hannah Becher ◽  
Maja Bæksgaard Jørgensen ◽  
Michael Davidsen ◽  
Line Nielsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Healthcare Costs ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Government Expenditure ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Sickness Benefit ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Mental Well Being

Abstract Background Previous literature has examined the societal costs of mental illness, but few studies have estimated the costs associated with mental well-being. In this study, a prospective analysis was conducted on Danish data to determine 1) the association between mental well-being (measured in 2016) and government expenditure in 2017, specifially healthcare costs and sickness benefit transfers. Methods Data stem from a Danish population-based survey of 3,508 adults (aged 16 + years) in 2016, which was linked to Danish registry data. A validated scale (WEMWBS) was used for the assessment of mental well-being. Costs are expressed in USD PPP. A two-part model was applied to predict costs in 2017, adjusting for sociodemographics, health status (including psychiatric morbidity and health behaviour), as well as costs in the previous year (2016). Results Each point increase in mental well-being (measured in 2016) was associated with lower healthcare costs ($− 42.5, 95% CI = $− 78.7, $− 6.3) and lower costs in terms of sickness benefit transfers ($− 23.1, 95% CI = $− 41.9, $− 4.3) per person in 2017. Conclusions Estimated reductions in costs related to mental well-being add to what is already known about potential savings related to the prevention of mental illness. It does so by illustrating the savings that could be made by moving from lower to higher levels of mental well-being both within and beyond the clinical range. Our estimates pertain to costs associated with those health-related outcomes that were included in the study, but excluding other social and economic outcomes and benefits. They cover immediate cost estimates (costs generated the year following mental well-being measurement) and not those that could follow improved mental well-being over the longer term. They may therefore be considered conservative from a societal perspective. Population approaches to mental health promotion are necessary, not only to potentiate disease prevention strategies, but also to reduce costs related to lower levels of mental well-being in the non-mental illness population. Our results suggest that useful reductions in both health care resource use and costs, as well as in costs due to sick leave from the workplace, could be achieved from investment in mental well-being promotion within a year.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document