scholarly journals Psychiatry and the death penalty

1997 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
pp. 746-748 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rob Ferris
Keyword(s):  
Death Penalty ◽  
Mental Health Professionals ◽  
Capital Punishment ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Ethical Dilemmas ◽  
Cultural Variables ◽  
Criminal Justice Systems ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa

Ninety-five countries throughout the world retain the death penalty. All make provision for excluding the ‘insane’ from liability to capital punishment (Hood, 1990). Psychiatrists and other mental health professionals are therefore involved in the process leading up to capital sentencing and execution in many of these countries. Such involvement may take many forms though, with the notable exception of the USA, very little is known of its nature or extent in practice. Whatever form psychiatric involvement takes, and however much it may be shaped in different places by social, economic and cultural variables, as well as the configuration of particular criminal justice systems, certain fundamental ethical questions arise which do not admit of simple answers. It might be argued that these ethical dilemmas no longer have relevance to European countries because they have all effectively abolished capital punishment. However, others may claim that the death penalty, as the most spectacular example of the extra clinical harm to which a psychiatrist's dealings with patients may contribute, ought to be of central concern when practitioners come to consider the uncertain balance between their duty to an individual patient and society at large.

Psychosocial Needs of Torture Survivors

1991 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 481-490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Derrick Silove ◽  
Ruth Tarn ◽  
Robin Bowles ◽  
Janice Reid
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Professionals ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Psychosocial Rehabilitation ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
Torture Survivors ◽  
Psychosocial Needs ◽  
Western Countries ◽  
The World ◽  
Widespread Interest

Growing recognition that the world faces a modern epidemic of torture has stimulated widespread interest amongst mental health professionals in strategies for the treatment of survivors. In this article we outline the distinctive experiences of torture survivors who present for treatment in western countries. These survivors are usually refugees who, in addition to torture, have suffered a sequence of traumatic experiences and face ongoing linguistic, occupational, financial, educational and cultural obstacles in their country of resettlement. Their multiple needs call into question whether “working through” their trauma stories in psychotherapy will on its own ensure successful psychosocial rehabilitation. Drawing on our experience at a recently established service [1], we propose a broader therapeutic aim.

The Use of the Death Penalty

1969 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter C. Reckless
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Death Penalty ◽  
Capital Punishment ◽  
The United States ◽  
Death Sentence ◽  
Dramatic Reduction ◽  
Public Sentiment ◽  
Discernible Effect ◽  
The World ◽  
Important Trend

Undoubtedly the most important trend in capital punishment has been the dramatic reduction in the number of offenses statutorily punishable by the death penalty. About two hundred years ago England had over two hundred offenses calling for the death penalty; it now has four. Some countries have abolished capital punishment completely; a few retain it for unusual offenses only. The trend throughout the world, even in the great number of countries that retain the death penalty, is definitely toward a de facto, not a de jure, form of abolition. In the United States, where the death penalty is possible in three-fourths of the states, the number of executions has declined from 199 in 1935 to an average of less than three in the last four years. This change is related to public sentiment against the use of the death penalty and even more directly to the unwillingness of juries and courts to impose a first-degree sentence. The increasing willingness of governors to commute a death sentence and of courts to hear appeals also contributes to this decline. A review of the evidence indicates that use of the death penalty has no discernible effect on the commission of capital offenses (especially murder).

Goldwater

2020 ◽  
pp. 174-184
Author(s):  
Dan P. McAdams
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Professionals ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Presidential Election ◽  
Psychiatric Diagnosis ◽  
Public Officials ◽  
Mental Health And Illness ◽  
The World ◽  
Health And Illness ◽  
The One

As a short digression into the world of psychiatric diagnosis, the chapter “Goldwater” discusses the controversy over whether or not mental health professionals should diagnose President Trump with a mental illness, such as narcissistic personality disorder (NPD). The chapter’s title recalls the 1964 U.S. presidential election wherein the results of a survey of psychiatrists were published in an American magazine, concluding that the Republican candidate Barry Goldwater was mentally unfit to hold office. Goldwater later sued the magazine, and the case led to what has become known as the Goldwater Rule, prohibiting psychiatrists from diagnosing public officials from afar. The chapter makes a clear distinction between psychiatric diagnosis, which adopts the language of medicine and illness, on the one hand, and psychological commentary on the other. The latter conception better characterizes what the current book aims to accomplish. Psychological commentary draws from psychological science to develop a personality portrait of a person, without diagnosis and without judgment regarding mental health and illness. Moreover, Donald Trump is much stranger than any psychiatric label can convey.

International Themes in Psychotherapy Integration

2019 ◽  
pp. 448-473
Author(s):  
Beatriz Gómez ◽  
Shigeru Iwakabe ◽  
Alexandre Vaz
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Professionals ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Psychotherapy Integration ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
The Past ◽  
Current Climate ◽  
The World ◽  
Training And Research ◽  
Sociopolitical Issues

Interest in psychotherapy integration has steadily expanded over the past decades, reaching most continents of the world and more mental health professionals than ever. Nevertheless, a country’s cultural and historical background significantly influences the nurturance or hindrance of integrative endeavors. This chapter seeks to explicate the current climate of psychotherapy integration in different continents and specific countries. With the aid of local integrative scholars, brief descriptions are presented on integrative practice, training, and research, as well as on cultural and sociopolitical issues that have shaped this movement’s impact around the world.

Psychiatry without Asylums: Origins and Prospects in Italy

1983 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Crepet ◽  
Giovanni De Plato
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Professionals ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Mental Hospital ◽  
Institutional Reform ◽  
Mental Hospitals ◽  
The World ◽  
Private Citizens

In 1978, Italy became the first country in the world to pass a law eliminating mental hospitals and replacing them with services in the community. This victory was in large part due to the foresight and commitment of psychiatrist Franco Basaglia and his colleagues, whose work showed how psychiatric assistance could be realized in practice without asylums and without force and violence. This article analyzes why the anti-institutional reform took place in Italy when it did, and reviews twenty years of reform activity involving an alliance between democratic mental health professionals, politicians, workers' organizations, and private citizens. Although the reform gives psychiatry the opportunity to transform itself into a science of liberation, conservative political and scientific forces are attempting to maintain the logic of the asylum and replace the mental hospital with other institutions which continue to practice segregation in a decentralized form. The outcome of this radical experiment in creating a nonrepressive psychiatry remains uncertain.

Doctors’ recruitment in psychiatry - possible causes and solutions

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1738-1738
Author(s):  
A. Mihai
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Mental Health Professionals ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Psychiatric Services ◽  
Physician Workforce ◽  
Actual Situation ◽  
Specific Group ◽  
The World ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Taking Care

The psychiatry is a relatively new field of medicine, which appeared because of the society's demands in taking care of a specific group of patients. These needs still exist and some studies showed that the demand for psychiatrists (Workforce NHS), or at least for psychiatric services (Vernon, 2009), will grow, above all also in developing countries (Patel, 2009).Concern about recruitment and retention of psychiatrists is longstanding.Purpose of this study was the evaluation of studies and data related with recruitment issues. Method consist in analysis of data published related with this topic and trying to find the causes and the ways to improve the actual situation.ResultsWas remarqued the insufficient representation of psychiatrists in the physician workforce throughout the world (Rao, 2003) and the increasing number of unoccupied vacancies in psychiatry (Brokington, 2002). Most developing countries need to increase and improve training of mental health professionals. Once trained, these professionals should be encouraged to remain in their country in positions that make the best use of their skills.ConclusionsRecruitment in psychiatry remain a problem, strongly related with definition of identity of psychiatrists and with community view regarding this need of taking care for this category of patients.

scholarly journals SEVERAL STRATEGIES TO ABOLISH THE DEATH PENALTY IN DEVELOPING COUNTRY

LAW REFORM ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 191
Author(s):  
Diastama Anggita Ramadhan
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Developing Country ◽  
Death Penalty ◽  
Capital Punishment ◽  
International Regulation ◽  
The World

The death penalty practice have been an issue in various country. Since the deployment of the ICCPR, there are many country have succesfully abolish the practice of the death penalty or put it in to a moratorium. This international regulation is also affected the developing country. From all over country around the world, several developing countries are still actively use the death penalty as their capital punishment. They argued that executing people have successfully decrease the level of crime in their country. However, it is important to understand that the international regulation are ordered country to abolish the death penalty. This article then will give several strategies for developing country in order to promote the abolishment of the death penalty in all condition.Keyword: Death Penalty; Abolition; Strategy.

The World the Revolution Made

Madhouse ◽  
2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer L. Lambe
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Professionals ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Social Engineering ◽  
Psychological Change ◽  
Mental Transformation ◽  
The World ◽  
Psychological Transformation ◽  
The Revolution

Chapter 6 argues that the project of mental transformation in the service of revolution transpired largely beyond the institution. Imbued with the utopian spirit of social engineering, mental health professionals mobilized to implement their plans for psychological transformation. Nevertheless, as psychiatrists in particular discovered, this was a project that the revolutionary leadership itself planned to direct, and in many cases they were forced to take a backseat to its sui generis reeducation experiments. The end result was the unmistakable politicization of psychological change, as an assemblage of psychiatric concepts, language, and practice imbued official expectations and popular experiences of the revolutionary moment.

scholarly journals Renaming dementia – an East Asian perspective

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 885-887 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen Fung Kum Chiu ◽  
Mitsumoto Sato ◽  
Ee Heok Kua ◽  
Min-Soo Lee ◽  
Xin Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health Professionals ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Population Aging ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Delay In Diagnosis ◽  
Dementia Patients ◽  
Severe Stage ◽  
The World ◽  
Public Health Challenge ◽  
Number Of Individuals

Worldwide, the number of individuals with dementia is growing in an epidemic manner, with an estimated 35.6 million people affected in 2010 (Prince et al., 2013). With the population aging in Asia, dementia care will become a major public health challenge in this region in the coming decades. Over half of the patients with dementia in the world will live in Asia by 2030. In China alone, a recent review of dementia studies showed that there were 9.2 million dementia patients in 2010 (Chan et al., 2013). These figures are staggering. In many Asian countries, dementia is regarded as a shameful illness, and the local terms for dementia are derogatory. Dementia carries a stigma that may lead to patients’ reluctance in seeking treatment and delay in diagnosis. In addition, local names for dementia frequently conjure up pictures of severe stage of dementia, and may lead to therapeutic nihilism, discouraging mental health professionals from working with elderly patients with dementia. As Asia faces the challenges of a rapidly aging population and provisions of care for growing number of dementia patients, change in local names for dementia has become an issue of attention.

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