Demonstration of a Practical Method for Seismic Performance Assessment of Structural Systems

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 811-829 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Y. Yang ◽  
Bozidar Stojadinovic ◽  
Jack Moehle
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Performance ◽  
Earthquake Engineering ◽  
Practical Method ◽  
Performance Comparison ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Structural Systems ◽  
Earthquake Hazards ◽  
Seismic Performance Assessment ◽  
Braced Frame ◽  
Performance Based Earthquake Engineering

Performance-based earthquake engineering aims to describe the seismic performance of a structure using metrics that are of immediate use to both engineers and stakeholders. A rigorous yet practical implementation of performance-based earthquake engineering methodology is used to compare the seismic performance of two steel, concentrically braced structural systems, an inverted-V-braced frame and a suspended zipper-braced frame. The principal difference between these two structural systems is the design approach used to transfer the unbalanced forces when the braces buckle. A probabilistic seismic performance comparison for a three-story office building located in Berkeley, California designed using these two structural systems is presented. The results indicate the suspended zipper-braced frame has lower expected repair cost under different levels of earthquake hazards and is 25% lighter than the corresponding capacity-designed inverted-V-braced frame.

Reality-check and renewed challenges in earthquake engineering

2012 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 137-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Pampanin
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Performance ◽  
Earthquake Engineering ◽  
Design Theory ◽  
Damage Control ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Reality Check ◽  
General Terms

Earthquake Engineering is facing an extraordinarily challenging era, the ultimate target being set at increasingly higher levels by the demanding expectations of our modern society. The renewed challenge is to be able to provide low-cost, thus more widely affordable, high-seismic-performance structures capable of sustaining a design level earthquake with limited or negligible damage, minimum disruption of business (downtime) or, in more general terms, controllable socio-economical losses. The Canterbury earthquakes sequence in 2010-2011 has represented a tough reality check, confirming the current mismatch between societal expectations over the reality of seismic performance of modern buildings. In general, albeit with some unfortunate exceptions, modern multi-storey buildings performed as expected from a technical point of view, in particular when considering the intensity of the shaking (higher than new code design) they were subjected to. As per capacity design principles, plastic hinges formed in discrete regions, allowing the buildings to sway and stand and people to evacuate. Nevertheless, in many cases, these buildings were deemed too expensive to be repaired and were consequently demolished. Targeting life-safety is arguably not enough for our modern society, at least when dealing with new building construction. A paradigm shift towards damage-control design philosophy and technologies is urgently required. This paper and the associated presentation will discuss motivations, issues and, more importantly, cost-effective engineering solutions to design buildings capable of sustaining low-level of damage and thus limited business interruption after a design level earthquake. Focus will be given to the extensive research and developments in jointed ductile connections based upon controlled rocking & dissipating mechanisms for either reinforced concrete and, more recently, laminated timber structures. An overview of recent on-site applications of such systems, featuring some of the latest technical solutions developed in the laboratory and including proposals for the rebuild of Christchurch, will be provided as successful examples of practical implementation of performance-based seismic design theory and technology.

Epistemic Uncertainties in Component Fragility Functions

2010 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brendon A. Bradley
Keyword(s):  
Quality Assurance ◽  
Earthquake Engineering ◽  
Epistemic Uncertainty ◽  
Finite Size ◽  
Seismic Demand ◽  
Fragility Functions ◽  
Seismic Performance Assessment ◽  
Fragility Function ◽  
Documentation Quality ◽  
Performance Based Earthquake Engineering

This paper is concerned with the inclusion of epistemic uncertainties in component fragility functions used in performance-based earthquake engineering. Conventionally fragility functions, defining the probability of incurring at least a specified level of damage for a given level of seismic demand, are defined by a mean and standard deviation and assumed to have a lognormal distribution. However, there exist many uncertainties in the development of such fragility functions. The sources of epistemic uncertainty in fragility functions, their consideration, combination, and propagation are presented and discussed. Two empirical fragility functions presented in literature are used to illustrate the epistemic uncertainty in the fragility function parameters due to the finite size of the datasets. These examples and the associated discussions illustrate that the magnitude of epistemic uncertainties are significant and there are clear benefits of the consideration of epistemic uncertainties pertaining to the documentation, quality assurance, implementation, and updating of fragility functions. Epistemic uncertainties should therefore always be addressed in future fragility functions developed for use in seismic performance assessment.

Detailed Seismic Performance Assessment of High-Value-Contents Laboratory Facility

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 2117-2135 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Y. Yang ◽  
J. C. Atkinson ◽  
L. Tobber
Keyword(s):  
Performance Assessment ◽  
Seismic Performance ◽  
Earthquake Engineering ◽  
Seismic Vulnerability ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Seismic Performance Assessment ◽  
Seismic Loss ◽  
Laboratory Facility ◽  
Recent Earthquakes ◽  
Risk Managers

Recent earthquakes worldwide have shown that even countries with well-established building codes are still vulnerable to economic and societal losses. To properly assess these seismic losses, risk managers and insurers need a well-defined tool to quantify the seismic performance of the facilities. In this paper, detailed performance-based earthquake engineering methodology is applied to assess the seismic vulnerability of a high-value-contents laboratory facility, in Vancouver, Canada. The study demonstrates a detailed implementation of the state-of-the-art performance assessment tools to quantify the seismic loss of facilities that can be readily used by practicing engineers. The results show the first benchmark study to quantify the performance of code-based design and provide valuable information for engineers and facility stakeholders to make informed risk-management decisions.

scholarly journals A Review on the Seismic Performance Assessment of Steel Diagrid Structures

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nourin N ◽  
Hazeena R ◽  
Asif Basheer
Keyword(s):  
Performance Assessment ◽  
Seismic Performance ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Structural Systems ◽  
Lateral Loads ◽  
Structural System ◽  
Seismic Performance Assessment ◽  
Structural Efficiency ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Major Factors

In recent years, there is rapid increase in the construction of high rise structures due to the increase in population, high cost of land and restriction in horizontal growth due to less space. The advancements in the development of technological solutions and construction methods of high rise structures led to the innovative structural systems. One of the important criteria that need to be considered in the design of high rise structures is minimization of lateral loads. Hence, the importance of lateral load resisting system increased than structural systems that resist gravitational loads. Lateral loading due to wind and earthquake are the major factors that have to be considered in the design of high-rise structures. Diagrid structural system is recognized as a unique system in construction of high rise structures which is a variation of tubular structures. It consists of inclined members instead of vertical columns in conventional structures to carry both gravity and lateral loads. It gains popularity due to its structural efficiency and aesthetic potential gained by its unique geometric configuration. The present work reviews studies regarding seismic performance assessment of steel diagrid structures, studies on seismic performance factors of steel diagrid structures, impact of shear-lag effect and comparative studies on diagrids. Diagrids are found to be an efficient structural system for high rise structures in terms of structural efficiency as well as aesthetics. Also, it provides more economy, in terms of consumption of steel, thus making it cost-effective and eco-friendly.

A Methodology for Evaluating Component-Level Loss Predictions of the FEMA P-58 Seismic Performance Assessment Procedure

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 193-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gemma Cremen ◽  
Jack W. Baker
Keyword(s):  
Earthquake Engineering ◽  
Seismic Events ◽  
Assessment Procedure ◽  
Northridge Earthquake ◽  
Seismic Performance Assessment ◽  
Component Level ◽  
Ground Shaking ◽  
Observed Damage ◽  
Performance Based Earthquake Engineering ◽  
Insight Into

As performance-based earthquake engineering (FEMA P-58) becomes more widely adopted in design and risk analysis practice, it is important to understand the degree to which the calculations reflect reality. This article proposes a methodology for evaluating P-58 component-level loss predictions across buildings subjected to given seismic events, which involves ranking P-58 loss predictions according to categorical component damage information recorded on post-earthquake damage surveys. The methodology explicitly incorporates uncertainties in predictions and utilizes a ground shaking benchmark to determine whether P-58 analyses provide more insight into damage than variations in ground shaking between buildings. Two example applications of the methodology are provided, involving nonstructural component data from the 2011 Mw 6.1 Christchurch Earthquake, for which there is negligible variation in shaking between buildings, and the 1994 Mw 6.7 Northridge Earthquake, for which there is notable variation in shaking between buildings. We find that P-58 non-structural component-level loss predictions perform better overall than the ground shaking benchmark in both cases. The methodology offers an understanding of how P-58 component-level loss predictions align with actual observed damage.

Development and Application of FEMA P-58 Compatible Story Loss Functions

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Athanasios N. Papadopoulos ◽  
Dimitrios Vamvatsikos ◽  
Athanasia K. Kazantzi
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Performance ◽  
Earthquake Engineering ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Loss Functions ◽  
Loss Assessment ◽  
Component Approach ◽  
Detailed Assessment ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Performance Based Earthquake Engineering ◽  
Building Level

The quantification of seismic performance, using metrics meaningful to both engineers and stakeholders, has been a focal point of research in performance-based earthquake engineering. The prevalent paradigm is currently offered by the FEMA P-58 guidelines in the form of a component-by-component approach that provides detailed assessment capabilities at the cost of requiring a complete inventory of the structural, nonstructural, and content components. In an attempt for simplification, a fully compatible story-by-story approach is offered instead, where story loss functions are employed to directly relate monetary losses to engineering demand parameters given the story area. These functions can be adjusted for application to different situations, assuming the ratio of cost and quantity of each component category inventory remains relatively constant. As an example, they are generated for a standard inventory makeup, characteristic of low/mid-rise steel office buildings. They are shown to offer a favorable compromise of simplicity and accuracy that lies between the component-by-component and building-level approaches that are currently prevalent in building-specific and regional loss assessment, respectively.

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