Prognostic factors of pancreatic neck cancer.

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 355-355
Author(s):  
Seiko Hirono ◽  
Masaji Tani ◽  
Manabu Kawai ◽  
Ken-Ichi Okada ◽  
Motoki Miyazawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Neck Cancer ◽  
Celiac Trunk ◽  
Ct Imaging ◽  
R0 Resection ◽  
Resectable Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Borderline Resectable ◽  
Pancreatic Neck

355 Background: Pancreatic neck cancer is surrounded by common hepatic artery (CHA), gastroduodenal artery (GDA) and portal vein (PV), and easily invades nerve plexus around main arteries, such as CHA, celiac trunk, and superior mesenteric artery (SMA). Therefore, the resectablity of pancreatic neck cancer is low, and the biological behaviors have been unclear. In this study, we reviewed 59 resected pancreatic neck cancer cases to identify the prognostic factors. Methods: From 2000 to 2012, 305 patients with pancreatic cancer underwent surgical resection, and in 59 patients (19%) among them with pancreatic neck cancer, 49 patients underwent pancreatoduodenectomy, 5 subtotal pancreatectomy, 4 distal pancreatectomy with en-bloc celiac axis, and 1 total pancreatectomy. We defined borderline resectable pancreatic cancer as tumor abutted CHA, celiac trunk, or SMA, and classified radiographic types of PV invasion into A (normal), B (unilateral), C (bilateral), or D (complete obstruction) by CT imaging. We analyzed retrospectively clinicopathological characteristics and prognostic factors for pancreatic neck cancer. Results: Pancreatic neck cancer was smaller than other located pancreatic cancer (21.1±7.0 vs. 32.0±13.5 mm, P<0.01), and the rate of pathological PV invasion was higher in pancreatic neck cancer (36 vs. 20%, P=0.01). In patients with pancreatic neck cancer, pathological PV invasion was observed in 0% of type A (0/9), 14% of type B (3/22), 48% of type C (10/21), and 86% of type D (6/7), and 37 patients (63%) had lymph node metastasis. In 32 patients with borderline resectable pancreatic neck cancer, neoadjuvant chemo(radiation)therapy (NAC) reduced the R1 rates (P=0.04) Pathological PV invasion, tub2/3 and lymph node ratio >0.1 were independent poor prognostic factors for pancreatic neck cancer (P<0.01, P=0.03, and P=0.03, odds ratio; 7.1, 2.8, and 3.1, respectively). Conclusions: Pancreatic neck cancer often had PV invasion even if CT imaging showed unilateral abutment, indicating that combined PV resection may be necessary for R0 resection of pancreatic neck cancer with radiological PV abutment. NAC may improve R0 resection rates and postoperative survival for pancreatic neck cancer.

scholarly journals Added Value of Radiotherapy Following Neoadjuvant FOLFIRINOX for Resectable and Borderline Resectable Pancreatic Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quisette P. Janssen ◽  
Jacob L. van Dam ◽  
Isabelle G. Kivits ◽  
Marc G. Besselink ◽  
Casper H. J. van Eijck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Pathologic Complete Response ◽  
Complete Response ◽  
Added Value ◽  
R0 Resection ◽  
Resection Rate ◽  
Resectable Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Borderline Resectable ◽  
Borderline Resectable Pancreatic Cancer

Abstract Background The added value of radiotherapy following neoadjuvant FOLFIRINOX chemotherapy in patients with resectable or borderline resectable pancreatic cancer ((B)RPC) is unclear. The objective of this meta-analysis was to compare outcomes of patients who received neoadjuvant FOLFIRINOX alone or combined with radiotherapy. Methods A systematic literature search was performed in Embase, Medline (ovidSP), Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane, and Google Scholar. The primary endpoint was pooled median overall survival (OS). Secondary endpoints included resection rate, R0 resection rate, and other pathologic outcomes. Results We included 512 patients with (B)RPC from 15 studies, of which 7 were prospective nonrandomized studies. In total, 351 patients (68.6%) were treated with FOLFIRINOX alone (8 studies) and 161 patients (31.4%) were treated with FOLFIRINOX and radiotherapy (7 studies). The pooled estimated median OS was 21.6 months (range 18.4–34.0 months) for FOLFIRINOX alone and 22.4 months (range 11.0–37.7 months) for FOLFIRINOX with radiotherapy. The pooled resection rate was similar (71.9% vs. 63.1%, p = 0.43) and the pooled R0 resection rate was higher for FOLFIRINOX with radiotherapy (88.0% vs. 97.6%, p = 0.045). Other pathological outcomes (ypN0, pathologic complete response, perineural invasion) were comparable. Conclusions In this meta-analysis, radiotherapy following neoadjuvant FOLFIRINOX was associated with an improved R0 resection rate as compared with neoadjuvant FOLFIRINOX alone, but a difference in survival could not be demonstrated. Randomized trials are needed to determine the added value of radiotherapy following neoadjuvant FOLFIRINOX in patients with (B)PRC.

Multimodality therapy for borderline resectable pancreatic cancer: A single-institution experience.

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (4_suppl) ◽  
pp. 280-280
Author(s):  
Jose Mario Pimiento ◽  
Tai Hutchinson ◽  
Jill M. Weber ◽  
Manish R. Patel ◽  
Pamela Joy Hodul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Overall Survival ◽  
Disease Free Survival ◽  
Multimodality Therapy ◽  
Cancer Center ◽  
R0 Resection ◽  
Resection Rate ◽  
Resectable Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Borderline Resectable ◽  
Borderline Resectable Pancreatic Cancer

280 Background: Multimodality therapy has been advocated for borderline resectable pancreatic cancer (BRCP); however, specific regimens vary widely by institution. Outcomes of these interventions need to be examined to inform future investigation of the optimal therapy for these patients. This study represents the experience of multimodality therapy for BRPC at an NCI designated cancer center. Methods: We identified all patients (pts) with operable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) from 2006 to 2011. Patients were divided into two groups: resectable group and BRPC group as per the NCCN and AHPBA consensus guidelines. Primary outcomes were resection rate, microscopic negative margin (R0) resection rate, overall survival (OS), and disease free survival (DFS). Fisher's exact and chi-square were used for group comparison while Kaplan-Meier estimates was used for survival analysis. Results: 160pts were identified with operable PDA. 100 (63%) pts had resectable tumors, and 60 (37%) pts had borderline resectable tumors. Neoadjuvant therapy (NT) was administered to 0% in the group with resectable tumors, and 100% in the group with borderline resectable tumors. The resection rate was 100% in pts with resectable tumors and 58% in pts with borderline resectable tumors. R0 resection rates were 80% in the resectable tumors and 97% in the borderline resectable tumors following NT. Perioperative mortality was <1% (1/125) for resectable tumors and 0% in borderline resectable tumors. Median OS was 22.6 months (m) for pts that had resectable tumors and 13.9m for all pts with borderline resectable tumors (p=0.017); however, the median OS for resected pts with borderline resectable tumors was 21.5m (p=0.6). Improved DFS was seen in patients with resectable tumors when compared with resected borderline resectable tumors (15 vs. 9.5m; p=0.04). Conclusions: Multimodality therapy leads to high rates of R0 resections in borderline resectable pancreatic cancer; however 42% of patients progressed during NT. The overall survival for patients with resected borderline resectable pancreatic cancer following NT is similar to patients who undergo resection for resectable pancreatic cancer.

Phase II trial of neoadjuvant S-1 and concurrent radiotherapy for borderline resectable pancreatic cancer: Interim results of JASPAC05.

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 4107-4107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinichiro Takahashi ◽  
Izumi Ohno ◽  
Masafumi Ikeda ◽  
Masaru Konishi ◽  
Tatsushi Kobayashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Phase Ii ◽  
Primary Endpoint ◽  
R0 Resection ◽  
Resection Rate ◽  
Resectable Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Borderline Resectable ◽  
Borderline Resectable Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Concurrent Radiotherapy

4107 Background: Borderline resectable pancreatic cancer (BRPC) has a high probability of a positive surgical margin and poor prognosis because the tumor interacts with surrounding arteries or veins. Chemoradiotherapy (CRT) with S-1 has shown favorable activity in locally advanced pancreatic cancer. This study was designed to assess S-1 and concurrent radiotherapy in a neoadjuvant setting to determine whether it increases R0 resection rate for BRPC. Methods: This was a multicenter, single-arm phase II study. Patients with BRPC received S-1 (40 mg/m2 BID) and concurrent radiotherapy (50.4 Gy in 28 fractions) before surgery if they fulfilled any of the following: (1) bilateral impingement of superior mesenteric vein or portal vein; (2) tumor contact with superior mesenteric artery ≤180°; or (3) tumor contact with common hepatic artery or celiac axis ≤180°. Primary endpoint was R0 resection rate in BRPC confirmed by central review. At least 40 patients were required, with one-sided α = 0.05 and β = 0.05, with an expected and a threshold values for primary endpoint of 30% and 10%. Results: Fifty-two patients were eligible between December 2012 and May 2016. CRT was completed in 50 patients (96%) and was safe, with mostly grade 1 or 2 adverse events. Protocol treatment was withdrawn before surgery in 12 patients because of progressive disease diagnosed by computed tomography, and in one because of treatment refusal. Ten patients received exploratory laparotomy, or palliative/noncurative resection. In the rest of 29, R0 resection was conducted in 27, and R1 and RX in 1 patient each. This gave an R0 resection rate of 52% in all 52 eligible patients. In the 41 cases of BRPC confirmed by central review, R0 was confirmed in 26 (63%). Destruction of > 50% of tumor cells was confirmed pathologically in 10 (32%). Postoperative grade III/IV adverse events according to Clavien–Dindo classification were observed in 6 (15%). Conclusions: S-1 and concurrent radiotherapy were well tolerated and found to be effective in BRPC. A randomized controlled trial comparing neoadjuvant CRT and chemotherapy, including gemcitabine+nab-paclitaxel, for BRPC is under planning. Clinical trial information: NCT02459652.

Preoperative chemoradiotherapy versus immediate surgery for resectable and borderline resectable pancreatic cancer (PREOPANC-1): A randomized, controlled, multicenter phase III trial.

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. LBA4002-LBA4002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geertjan Van Tienhoven ◽  
Eva Versteijne ◽  
Mustafa Suker ◽  
Karin B.C. Groothuis ◽  
Olivier R. Busch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Preoperative Chemoradiotherapy ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
R0 Resection ◽  
Resection Rate ◽  
Resectable Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Borderline Resectable ◽  
Borderline Resectable Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Immediate Surgery

LBA4002 Background: Standard of care for patients with (borderline) resectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma is resection followed by adjuvant chemotherapy. Previous studies suggest a benefit of neoadjuvant treatment. We conducted a multicenter phase III randomized controlled trial to evaluate the effect of preoperative chemoradiotherapy. Methods: Patients with (borderline) resectable pancreatic cancer, pathologically confirmed, were randomized between immediate surgery (arm A) and preoperative chemoradiotherapy (arm B), both followed by adjuvant chemotherapy. The preoperative chemoradiotherapy consisted of 15 times of 2.4 Gray (Gy) combined with gemcitabine, 1,000 mg/m2 on days 1, 8 and 15, preceded and followed by a cycle of gemcitabine. Primary endpoint was overall survival (OS), secondary endpoints were (R0) resection rate, disease free survival (DFS), distant metastases free interval (DMFI), locoregional recurrence free interval (LRFI) and toxicity. Accrual was completed between April 23, 2013 and July 25, 2017. Results: In total, 246 patients were included in the intention-to-treat analysis (127 patients in arm A and 119 in arm B). Currently, 142 of the 176 needed events for the primary outcome are observed. OS was significantly better in arm B (median 13.5 vs. 17.1 months; HR 0.71; p = 0.047). This was also the case for R0 resection rate (31% vs. 65%, p = < 0.001), DFS (median 7.9 vs. 11.2 months; HR 0.67; p = 0.010), DMFI (median 10.2 vs 17.1 months; HR 0.63; p = 0.012) and LRFI (median 11.8 vs not reached; HR 0.47; p < 0.001). Resection rates were 72% (91/127) in arm A vs. 62% (74/119) in arm B (p = 0.15). No significant difference was observed in grade ≥ 3 adverse events between both groups (p = 0.17). A subgroup analysis of patients who actually underwent a resection was performed which showed a median OS of 16.8 and 29.9 months respectively (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Our preliminary data show that preoperative chemoradiotherapy significantly improves outcome in (borderline) resectable pancreatic cancer compared to immediate surgery. Updated results will be presented at the meeting. Clinical trial information: NTR3709.

Final results of JASPAC05: Phase II trial of neoadjuvant S-1 and concurrent radiotherapy followed by surgery in borderline resectable pancreatic cancer.

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 4127-4127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinichiro Takahashi ◽  
Izumi Ohno ◽  
Masafumi Ikeda ◽  
Masaru Konishi ◽  
Tatsushi Kobayashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Phase Ii ◽  
Primary Endpoint ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
R0 Resection ◽  
Resection Rate ◽  
Resectable Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Borderline Resectable ◽  
Borderline Resectable Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Concurrent Radiotherapy

4127 Background: Borderline resectable pancreatic cancer (BRPC) is frequently associated with positive surgical margins and a poor prognosis when treated with upfront surgery. This study was designed to assess whether neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT) with S-1 increases the R0 resection rate. Methods: This was a multicenter, single-arm, phase II study. Patients with BRPC received S-1 (40 mg/m2 bid) and concurrent radiotherapy (50.4 Gy in 28 fractions) before surgery if they fulfilled any of the following: (1) bilateral impingement of the superior mesenteric vein or portal vein; and (2) tumor contact ≤180° with the superior mesenteric artery, common hepatic artery, or celiac axis. The primary endpoint was the R0 resection rate in BRPC confirmed by central review. Secondary endpoints were overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), response rate (RECISTv1.1), pathological response rate, surgical morbidity (Clavien–Dindo classification), and toxicity (CTCAEv4.0). At least 40 patients were required, with one-sided α = 0.05 and β = 0.05, with an expected and threshold value for the primary endpoint of 30% and 10%. Results: Fifty-two patients were eligible, of whom 41 had BRPC by central review. CRT was completed in 50 (96%) patients and was well tolerated. The rate of grade 3/4 toxicity with CRT was 43%. The R0 resection rate was 52% (95% CI, 37.6%–66.0%) in 52 eligible patients and 63% (95% CI, 46.9%–77.9%) in 41 patients with BRPC. The radiological response rate was 5.8%, while destruction of > 50% of tumor cells was shown microscopically in 32% of patients. Postoperative grade III/IV adverse events were observed in 7.5% of operated patients. Among the 52 eligible patients, the 2-year OS rate, median OS, and median PFS were 51%, 25.8 mo, and 6.7 mo. Of the 41 patients with BRPC, the 2-year OS rate, median OS, and median PFS were 58%, 30.8 mo, and 10.4 mo. Conclusions: S-1 and concurrent radiotherapy appear to be feasible and effective at increasing the R0 resection rate with encouraging survival rates in BRPC. A phase II/III trial evaluating this treatment is ongoing. Clinical trial information: NCT02459652.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Curative Effect of Neoadjuvant Therapy on Pancreatic Cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liqiong Yang ◽  
Yun Bai ◽  
Qing Li ◽  
Jie Chen ◽  
Fangfang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy ◽  
Neoadjuvant Therapy ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy ◽  
Primary Treatment ◽  
R0 Resection ◽  
Resectable Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Recurrence Rates ◽  
Borderline Resectable

The prevalence of pancreatic cancer is sharply increasing recently, which significantly increases the economic burden of the population. At present, the primary treatment of resectable pancreatic cancer is surgical resection, followed by chemotherapy with or without radiation. However, the recurrence rates remain high even after R0 resection. This treatment strategy does not distinguish undetected metastatic disease, and it is prone to postoperative complications. Neoadjuvant therapies, including neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy, is being increasingly utilized in borderline resectable as well as resectable pancreatic cancer. This review summarized and discussed clinical trials of neoadjuvant therapy for pancreatic cancer, comparing resection rates, outcome measures, and adverse reactions between neoadjuvant chemotherapy and neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy.

Prognostic factors for achieving resection following neoadjuvant radiation therapy for borderline resectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (4_suppl) ◽  
pp. 285-285
Author(s):  
Avani Satish Dholakia ◽  
Amy Hacker-Prietz ◽  
Aaron Tyler Wild ◽  
Siva P. Raman ◽  
Laura D. Wood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Tumor Volume ◽  
Pathologic Complete Response ◽  
Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy ◽  
Pancreatic Head ◽  
Tumor Board ◽  
R0 Resection ◽  
Borderline Resectable ◽  
Curative Therapy

285 Background: Margin-negative (R0) surgical resection is the only potentially curative therapy for pancreatic cancer. For patients deemed borderline resectable (BL), neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NCRT) increases the likelihood of subsequent R0 resection and improves overall survival. Prognostic factors for achieving resection following NCRT have yet to be clearly identified. Methods: 50 consecutive patients diagnosed with BL pancreatic cancer by a multidisciplinary tumor board from 2008-12 were retrospectively identified. Pre- and post-NCRT CT scans and surgical specimens were centrally reviewed by a blinded radiologist and pathologist, respectively. Results: 29 patients underwent resection following NCRT, while 21 remained unresectable. Between the two groups, age, gender, mean RT dose, and proportion of pancreatic head tumors were not significantly different. Lack of the following factors was favorably associated with resection: SMV/PV encasement (p=0.01), SMA involvement (p=0.02), ascites (p=0.01), and questionable/overt metastases (p=0.01). Notably, celiac artery involvement/encasement, common hepatic artery encasement, and percentage change in tumor volume were not significant predictors of resectability (all p>0.05). Additionally, tumor volume and degree of individual vessel involvement did not significantly change from scans before and after NCRT (all p>0.05). Median OS was 22.9 vs.13.0 months in resected and unresected patients, respectively (p<0.001). Of resected patients, 93% had negative margins, 28% had positive nodes, 27% demonstrated <10% viable tumor, and 12% had pathologic complete response at surgery. Conclusions: Certain radiographic features appear more strongly associated with resectability after NCRT than others. Despite the fact that tumor-vessel interactions do not change significantly due to NCRT, subsequent R0 resection rates are high, nodal involvement is low, nearly 1/3 of patients have minimal residual tumor, and outcomes are improved. Further studies are needed to elucidate novel biomarkers or functional imaging predictors for successful resection following neoadjuvant therapy.

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