Utilisation of Local Phosphate Deposits as a Fertiliser in Zambia

2020 ◽  
pp. 123-133
Author(s):  
S. Simukanga ◽  
G. K. Nkonde ◽  
V. Shitumbanuma
Keyword(s):  
1891 ◽  
Vol 31 (793supp) ◽  
pp. 12664-12665
Author(s):  
N. H. Darton

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Poul Emsbo ◽  
◽  
Patrick I. McLaughlin ◽  
Thijs R.A. Vandenbroucke ◽  
Edward A. du Bray ◽  
...  

2000 ◽  
Vol 90 (9) ◽  
pp. 1032-1038 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M. L. Dutra ◽  
C. O. Rodrigues ◽  
A. Romeiro ◽  
L. A. M. Grillo ◽  
F. A. Dias ◽  
...  

In the present work ectophosphatase activities of three trypanosomatid parasites of plants were characterized using intact cells. Phytomonas françai, Phytomonas mcgheei, and Herpetomonas sp. hydrolyzed p-nitro-phenylphosphate at a rate of 5.40, 7.28, and 25.58 nmol Pi/mg of protein per min, respectively. Experiments using classical inhibitors of acid phosphatases such as sodium orthovanadate (NaVO3) and sodium fluoride (NaF) showed a decrease in phosphatase activities. Lithium fluoride (LiF) and aluminum chloride (AlCl3) were also used. Although AlCl3 had no effect, LiF was able to promote a decrease in the phosphatase activities. Interestingly, the inhibition caused by LiF was enhanced by the addition of AlCl3 during the reaction, probably due to the formation of fluoroaluminate complexes. This effect was confirmed by cytochemical analysis. In this assay, electron-dense cerium phosphate deposits were visualized on the external surface of the three parasites.


Biomaterials ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 31 (25) ◽  
pp. 6386-6393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeed Saber-Samandari ◽  
Kārlis A. Gross

Minerals ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 367-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahram Shariati ◽  
Aisan Ramadi ◽  
Armin Salsani

2018 ◽  
Vol 115 (21) ◽  
pp. 5323-5331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allison C. Daley ◽  
Jonathan B. Antcliffe ◽  
Harriet B. Drage ◽  
Stephen Pates

Euarthropoda is one of the best-preserved fossil animal groups and has been the most diverse animal phylum for over 500 million years. Fossil Konservat-Lagerstätten, such as Burgess Shale-type deposits (BSTs), show the evolution of the euarthropod stem lineage during the Cambrian from 518 million years ago (Ma). The stem lineage includes nonbiomineralized groups, such as Radiodonta (e.g., Anomalocaris) that provide insight into the step-by-step construction of euarthropod morphology, including the exoskeleton, biramous limbs, segmentation, and cephalic structures. Trilobites are crown group euarthropods that appear in the fossil record at 521 Ma, before the stem lineage fossils, implying a ghost lineage that needs to be constrained. These constraints come from the trace fossil record, which show the first evidence for total group Euarthropoda (e.g., Cruziana, Rusophycus) at around 537 Ma. A deep Precambrian root to the euarthropod evolutionary lineage is disproven by a comparison of Ediacaran and Cambrian lagerstätten. BSTs from the latest Ediacaran Period (e.g., Miaohe biota, 550 Ma) are abundantly fossiliferous with algae but completely lack animals, which are also missing from other Ediacaran windows, such as phosphate deposits (e.g., Doushantuo, 560 Ma). This constrains the appearance of the euarthropod stem lineage to no older than 550 Ma. While each of the major types of fossil evidence (BSTs, trace fossils, and biomineralized preservation) have their limitations and are incomplete in different ways, when taken together they allow a coherent picture to emerge of the origin and subsequent radiation of total group Euarthropoda during the Cambrian.


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