The European Union Key Roles for Institutional Support and Economic Factors

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gloria Guzman ◽  
Antonio Alonso
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Institutional Support ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
The European Union

Ein ökonomisches Happy End aus geostrategischen Gründen? Erfolgsaussichten für den Freihandel zwischen der Europäischen Union und Indien

IG ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 301-317
Author(s):  
Mariano Barbato
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Free Trade ◽  
Free Trade Agreement ◽  
Trade Agreement ◽  
Positive Outcome ◽  
Good Chance ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Decisive Reason ◽  
Climate Crisis

The talks that have been resumed for reaching a free trade agreement between the European Union and India have a good chance for success. Both partners, especially India, have to achieve new economic dynamics in order to be able to face the challenge posed by China. This decisive reason is supported by Brexit, the pandemic and the climate crisis, which also spark an exogenous, geostrategic dynamic that gives new impetus to the paralyzed liberal paradigm of free trade. Taken together, it is likely that exogenous geostrategic factors realign the endogenous economic factors and thus promote a positive outcome despite the ongoing weakness of liberal free trade ideas.

scholarly journals Les Conditions D’Approfondissement de L’Union Européenne

Federalism-E ◽  
1969 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-44
Author(s):  
Jonathan Gagnon
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
European Integration ◽  
European Community ◽  
Political Integration ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Integration Process ◽  
Political Factors ◽  
Main Assumption ◽  
The Creation

Since the creation of the first European Community in 1951, countries of Europe have somewhat integrated somewhat their political and economic realms into one supranational entity. It has been observed by some that throughout the integration process, economic factors, rather than political factors, have dominated the integration of Europe. This main assumption is challenged by the author in this article. However, if the alleged predominance of the economy in European integration is proven, further questions regarding the conditions for a authentic political integration of the European Union, more than 50 years after its creation, will be assessed.[...]

When in Doubt, Use Proxies

1998 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 569-601 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHRISTOPHER J. ANDERSON
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Public Opinion ◽  
European Integration ◽  
Political System ◽  
Domestic Politics ◽  
Public Support ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Party Support ◽  
The Relationship

This article argues that citizens employ proxies rooted in attitudes about domestic politics when responding to survey questions about the European integration process. It develops a model of public opinion toward European integration based on attitudes toward the political system, the incumbent government, and establishment parties. With the help of data from Eurobarometer 34.0, the study tests political and economic models of public support for membership in the European Union in Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, and Portugal. The analyses show that system and establishment party support are the most powerful determinants of support for membership in the European Union. The results also suggest that the relationship between economic factors and support previously reported in research on public opinion toward European integration is likely to be mediated by domestic political attitudes.

scholarly journals Invisible Borders: Translation and Multilingualism in an Unequal World

1969 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva C. Karpinski
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Linguistic Diversity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Paradoxical Effects ◽  
The One ◽  
Transnational Space ◽  
Local Languages ◽  
National Local

Inspired by Jan Blommaert’s approaches to linguistic landscaping and his studies of linguistic mobility, this article traces the changing meanings of multilingualism and monolingualism in a world fractured by uneven vectors of globalization and super-diversity. Drawing on such examples as Polish anti-racist billboards, the commercial, transnational space of the mall, or translation policies in the European Union, it is possible to see the paradoxical effects of neoliberal transformations on linguistic diversity, with the hegemony of English on the one hand, and the revival of ethno-linguistic particularity on the other. Alison Phipp’s theories of multilingualism from above and from below, as well as Yaseem Noorani’s concept of “soft” multilingualism are used to make further differentiations between assertive nationalist monolingualism from below and aggressive global monolingualism from above. These different kinds of multilingualism and monolingualism, produced at intersections of complex historical, political, and economic factors, not only uphold the existing legacies of colonialism and modernity, but also create new hierarchies of global/cosmopolitan and national/local languages and identities.

Economic Factors Underlying Postal Reform in the European Union

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. Crew ◽  
Gonzales d’Alcantara ◽  
Paul R. Kleindorfer ◽  
Bert Kuypers ◽  
Philippe Claeys
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
The European Union

The relationships between economic growth and intellectual capital: A study in the European Union

2011 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 293-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Alfaro ◽  
V. Lopez ◽  
D. Nevado
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
European Union ◽  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
Knowledge Society ◽  
Economic Structure ◽  
Development Economic ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Structural Capital ◽  
The Relationship

We are immersed in a knowledge society that calls for indicators to go beyond economic factors to measure the development of a country. In this paper we use an adapted microeconomic model that determines the value of a country’s intellectual capital. For this, we consider intangibles such as human development, economic structure, international trade, foreign image and innovation. This measurement of intellectual capital is divided into human and structural capital and is used to analyse the relationship between these capitals and the economic development of the 27 countries in the European Union (EU27). The results show that when we consider aspects other than economic variables, the differences between countries are larger. Moreover, there is an inverse relationship between the management of intangibles and economic growth, which is why the former progresses after the latter have occurred.

The Legitimacy of the Court of Justice in the European Union: Models of Institutional Support

1995 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 356-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory A. Caldeira ◽  
James L. Gibson
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Political Legitimacy ◽  
Institutional Support ◽  
The Political ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Law And Politics ◽  
Court Of Justice ◽  
Mass Publics ◽  
Diffuse Support

Using a survey of mass publics, we investigate the political legitimacy of the Court of Justice of the European Communities. To what degree does the Court have the visibility and diffuse support necessary for legitimacy? What accounts for variability in support for the Court? Are theories developed largely in the American context generalizable in Western Europe to a transnational legal institution? Do the sources of the Court's legitimacy vary across nations, and how? Our analysis indicates that relatively obscure institutions such as the Court of Justice are unlikely to build support through satisfying their constituencies' demands. Without information about the Court of Justice, ordinary citizens form their views based on its connection with the European Union and its association with broad political and legal values. As the Court moves into the limelight of European law and politics, the decisions the judges make may increasingly shape citizens' perceptions of its legitimacy.

scholarly journals The Kurpie region. Transformation of settlement landscape until Poland’s accession to the European Union

2021 ◽  
Vol Special Edition (Special Edition) ◽  
pp. 31-48
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Starzyk
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Cultural Landscape ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
The European Union ◽  
System Transformation ◽  
Folk Culture ◽  
Settlement Landscape ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

The Kurpie region is among the most interesting ethnographic regions of Poland, with the center of the original, well-preserved and carefully cultivated folk culture of the Kurpie [ethnographic group of the Polish population]. The image of the Kurpie village resulted from centuries of human activity. Over the centuries, transformations of the landscape occurred. Activities that gave the area a modern appearance were based on adaptation of the natural environment for cultivation of land and gradual establishment of human settlements. The traditional folk culture developed by the Kurpie ethnographic group, as well as high value of the natural environment prompted research in the scope of transformation to open settlement landscape of the Kurpie region. The present study was aimed at investigating processes that determined the transformation to the natural and cultural landscape of the Kurpie region. The territorial scope of the present work covers the Kurpie region located between the Omulew and the Szkwa rivers. In the 15th century, the region was included in the Ostrołęka County and has remained there since then. The time scope of the study concerns the period from when first mention of the area being settled was made to the moment of Poland's accession to the European Union. The following research methods were adopted for the study: analysis of source literature and literature on the subject undertaken in the present work, historical analysis to cover the development of settlement in the studied area, comparative cartographic analysis in the field of settlement and landscape transformation, statistical analysis in the field of social and technical infrastructure. In the study, landscape and urban-rural inventory was also applied. The study structure covers issues related to formation and development of settlement in the Kurpie region: 1) the Kurpie region in scientific research, 2) the Kurpie region in folk culture, 3) the Kurpie region – an outline of settlement-agricultural functions, as well as landscape layout, 4) the Kurpie region – characteristics of the settlement landscape, 5) the Kurpie region – dominant changes to the landscape under the influence of socio-economic factors in the period of the 45 post-war years, 6) the Kurpie region – dominant modification to the landscape as influenced by socio-economic factors during the political system transformation in Poland.

INFLUENCE OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND ECONOMIC FACTORS ON ENDEMIC FLORA IN THE EUROPEAN UNION

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 751-758
Author(s):  
Jose-Manuel Quesada-Rubio ◽  
Maria-Dolores Huete-Morales ◽  
Esteban Navarrete-Alvarez ◽  
Maria-Jesus Rosales-Moreno ◽  
Maria-Jose Del-Moral-Avila
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Endemic Flora

Economic determinants of public support for European integration, 1995–2018

2021 ◽  
pp. 146511652199418
Author(s):  
Chase Foster ◽  
Jeffry Frieden
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
European Integration ◽  
Collective Identity ◽  
Public Attitudes ◽  
Public Support ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Political Factors ◽  
Economic Determinants ◽  
Political Entrepreneurs

European support for integration is shaped by a range of economic, cultural, and political factors. However, in recent decades, scholars have argued that utilitarian calculations have become less important as European integration has advanced, and political entrepreneurs have mobilized nationalist identities. We analyze 24 years of responses to the Eurobarometer (1995–2018) to assess the influence of economic factors on public attitudes toward European integration. We find strong evidence that utilitarian factors are important across the entire panel. The performance of the macro-economy, as measured by unemployment, and an individual’s position in the labor market, are consistent predictors of public support for and satisfaction with the European Union. Collective identity is also associated with attitudes toward the European Union. However, an individual’s identity is also shaped by economic circumstances.

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