An Overview of Global Legislation, Regulation, and Policies on the Use of Animals for Scientific Research, Testing, or Education

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn Bayne ◽  
Paul deGreeve
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Research ◽  
Or Education

The objectives of conservation

1977 ◽  
Vol 197 (1126) ◽  
pp. 3-10 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Nature Conservation ◽  
Great Britain ◽  
Human Activity ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Political Decision ◽  
Or Education ◽  
Natural Knowledge ◽  
Wise Use ◽  
Biological Potential ◽  
Broad Objective

The wise use of land and the waters that it encloses is an important aim that becomes especially pressing in thickly populated countries like Great Britain. The pressures which result in changes in its use, its value to man, and its biological potential are both natural and man-made and, although irresistible, can be modified or reduced. Indeed, in Great Britain it is fairly safe to assert, no area exists which is or has been unaffected by human activity. Conservation has as its broad objective the wise use of the whole area. In considering this general objective it is as unwise to ignore the potential for productivity, whether biological or industrial, as its value for recreation, amenity or scientific research or education. Nor is the sentimental attachment of many of us to the traditional landscape or uses of land a negligible consideration. There are two primary scientific aspects of nature conservation. These are the study of nature in the widest sense to provide knowledge and skill for the conservation of nature, and the improvement and promotion of natural knowledge that is of biological science itself. The first of these scientific functions enables the elaboration of methods to achieve the objectives of conservation whatever they may be and allows the decision to be made whether these objectives are practicable. But whether any given set of objectives should be sought if practicable, is essentially a political decision. The scientific researches undertaken for their own sake have as their objective the resolution of problems concerning the ecology of organisms and of ecosystems. From these too come a deeper understanding of matters relevant to conservation. The effective and continued pursuit of such researches requires selected areas to be set aside and controlled for them.

scholarly journals Expectations and Standards for Accounting Professions and Implications in the Learning Pattern in Industrial 4.0

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-73
Author(s):  
Iman Supriadi ◽  
Kusuma Adi Rahardjo ◽  
Miya Dewi Suprihandari
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Research ◽  
Accounting Education ◽  
Or Education ◽  
The Real ◽  
Learning Pattern ◽  
Accounting Research ◽  
Learning Patterns ◽  
The Future ◽  
Real Truth ◽  
The Impact

This paper talks about the impact from the commercial transformation 4.0 on accounting scientific research and accounting education and learning patterns. The commercial transformation can be turbulent and make development throughout accounting scientific research and designs from accounting knowing or education and learning in the future. To ensure that the adjustment needs from accounting professionals and trainees that are taking accounting research studies are required to have the ability to instantly adapt to the instructions from modifications in market 4.0 that are currently operating. It‘s anticipated that accounting will modification to "huge information" based upon accounting innovation, consisting of automation from journaling and monetary coverage. Besides, using Synthetic Knowledge will be huge in analysis monetary declarations and examining the behavior from companies or business. Consequently, this impacts the knowing patterns from representing trainees that will place much more focus on grasping info systems regarding the real truth from business globe

Statistical analysis of classification

1966 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 188-189
Author(s):  
T. J. Deeming
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Classification Scheme ◽  
Analytical Procedure ◽  
Narrow Band ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Maximum Amount ◽  
Amount Of Information

If we make a set of measurements, such as narrow-band or multicolour photo-electric measurements, which are designed to improve a scheme of classification, and in particular if they are designed to extend the number of dimensions of classification, i.e. the number of classification parameters, then some important problems of analytical procedure arise. First, it is important not to reproduce the errors of the classification scheme which we are trying to improve. Second, when trying to extend the number of dimensions of classification we have little or nothing with which to test the validity of the new parameters.Problems similar to these have occurred in other areas of scientific research (notably psychology and education) and the branch of Statistics called Multivariate Analysis has been developed to deal with them. The techniques of this subject are largely unknown to astronomers, but, if carefully applied, they should at the very least ensure that the astronomer gets the maximum amount of information out of his data and does not waste his time looking for information which is not there. More optimistically, these techniques are potentially capable of indicating the number of classification parameters necessary and giving specific formulas for computing them, as well as pinpointing those particular measurements which are most crucial for determining the classification parameters.

The Use of Prescription Drugs and Drugs of Abuse for Neuroenhancement in Europe

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 155-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larissa J. Maier ◽  
Michael P. Schaub
Keyword(s):  
Prescription Drugs ◽  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Drugs Of Abuse ◽  
Mental Performance ◽  
Or Education ◽  
Learning Techniques ◽  
Monitoring The Future ◽  
Definition Of

Abstract. Pharmacological neuroenhancement, defined as the misuse of prescription drugs, illicit drugs, or alcohol for the purpose of enhancing cognition, mood, or prosocial behavior, is not widespread in Europe – nevertheless, it does occur. Thus far, no drug has been proven as safe and effective for cognitive enhancement in otherwise healthy individuals. European studies have investigated the misuse of prescription and illicit stimulants to increase cognitive performance as well as the use of tranquilizers, alcohol, and cannabis to cope with stress related to work or education. Young people in educational settings report pharmacological neuroenhancement more frequently than those in other settings. Although the regular use of drugs for neuroenhancement is not common in Europe, the irregular and low-dose usage of neuroenhancers might cause adverse reactions. Previous studies have revealed that obtaining adequate amounts of sleep and using successful learning techniques effectively improve mental performance, whereas pharmacological neuroenhancement is associated with ambiguous effects. Therefore, non-substance-related alternatives should be promoted to cope with stressful situations. This paper reviews the recent research on pharmacological neuroenhancement in Europe, develops a clear definition of the substances used, and formulates recommendations for practitioners regarding how to react to requests for neuroenhancement drug prescriptions. We conclude that monitoring the future development of pharmacological neuroenhancement in Europe is important to provide effective preventive measures when required. Furthermore, substance use to cope with stress related to work or education should be studied in depth because it is likely more prevalent and dangerous than direct neuroenhancement.

Social-Scientific Research Competency

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 737-750 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Gess ◽  
Christoph Geiger ◽  
Matthias Ziegler
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Test Scores ◽  
Research Performance ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Research Education ◽  
Crystallized Intelligence ◽  
Research Competency ◽  
Social Scientific Research ◽  
Social Scientific ◽  
Education Courses

Abstract. Although the development of research competency is an important goal of higher education in social sciences, instruments to measure this outcome often depend on the students’ self-ratings. To provide empirical evidence for the utility of a newly developed instrument for the objective measurement of social-scientific research competency, two validation studies across two independent samples were conducted. Study 1 ( n = 675) provided evidence for unidimensionality, expected differences in test scores between differently advanced groups of students as well as incremental validities over and above self-perceived research self-efficacy. In Study 2 ( n = 82) it was demonstrated that the competency measured indeed is social-scientific and relations to facets of fluid and crystallized intelligence were analyzed. Overall, the results indicate that the test scores reflected a trainable, social-scientific, knowledge-related construct relevant to research performance. These are promising results for the application of the instrument in the evaluation of research education courses in higher education.

Scientific Research on Yoga and Meditation

1978 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 356-358
Author(s):  
ALCINE POTTS LUKENBACH
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Research

Advancing Scientific Research in Education

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Towne ◽  
◽  
Lauress L. Wise ◽  
Tina M. Winters
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Research ◽  
Research In Education
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