Security Cooperation and Conflict in Southeast Asia after 9/11: Constructivism, the ASEAN Way, and the War on Terrorism*

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
Ervina Fredayani ◽  
Jordan Aria Adibrata ◽  
Naufal Fikhri Khairi

Abstrak Saat ini isu terorisme di Kawasan Asia Tenggara menjadi hal yang cukup penting untuk diperbincangkan, kawasan ini menjadi wilayah yang berpotensi besar akan hadirnya tindak kekerasan terorisme. Kehadiran kelompok islam radikal di Asia Tenggara menjadi faktor utama maraknya ancaman teror yang belakangan ini dirasa cukup meresahkan dan menimbulkan ketakutan terhadap masyarakat sekitar. Adanya hal ini kemudian membuat negara – negara di Kawasan Asia Tenggara bersepakat untuk mengantisipasi penyebaran aksi terorisme dengan menjalin kerja sama dengan Australia. Adapun penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui alasan kerja sama keamanan yang dilakukan oleh ASEAN dengan Australia dalam menghadapi ancaman terorisme, khususnya di Kawasan Asia Tenggara. Penggunaan Konsep Kerja Sama Keamanan Internasional dan Konsep Motivasi Kerja Sama Internasional sebagai alat dalam menjelaskan fenomena yang dikaji. Pada penelitian ini penulis menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data, telaah pustaka, buku, artikel, jurnal, dan dokumen – dokumen lainnya untuk dapat menganalisa permasalahan tersebut. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat beberapa alasan kerja sama keamanan yang dijalin oleh ASEAN dan Australia, meliputi menjaga keamanan nasional dan perdamaian kawasan dari adanya aksi-aksi teror yang melibatkan organisasi-organisasi terorisme. Walaupun masih belum mencapai hasil yang diinginkan, kerja sama yang dijalin oleh ASEAN dan Australia ini diharapkan dapat semakin meningkatkan keamanan regional dari kedua belah pihak. Kata Kunci: ASEAN, Australia, Kerja Sama Terorisme   Abstract At this time the problem of terrorism in the Southeast Asian Region is quite important to discuss, this region is a region with great potential for the presence of acts of terrorism. The presence of radical Islamic groups in Southeast Asia has become a major factor in the emergence of terror threats, which lately is considered quite disturbing and frightening to surrounding communities. This existence then made the countries in the Southeast Asia Region agree to anticipate the spread of terrorist acts by establishing cooperation with Australia. This study aims to determine the reasons for security cooperation undertaken by ASEAN and Australia in dealing with the threat of terrorism, particularly in the Southeast Asian Region. The use of the Concept of International Security Cooperation and the Concept of Motivation for International Cooperation as tools in explaining the phenomenon under study. In this study the authors used qualitative research methods with data collection techniques, literature reviews, books, articles, journals, and other documents to be able to analyze the problem. The results of this study reveal several reasons for the security cooperation established by ASEAN and Australia, including national security and regional peace from acts of terror involving terrorist organizations. Although it has not yet achieved the desired results, the cooperation carried out by ASEAN and Australia is expected to increase regional security from both parties. Keyword: ASEAN, Australia, Terrorism Cooperatio


Asian Survey ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 216-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra R. Leavitt

Common threats, mutually conducive goals, and institutional safeguards predict a significant security role for Japan in Southeast Asia. Yet, only recently has limited collaboration taken place. Often-cited explanations of collective memory and internal Japanese constraints are unfounded. Realism and strategic culture provide considerably more explanatory power.


2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
I Gusti Bagus Dharma Agastia

How does ASEAN fare in addressing maritime security problems? This paper examines the shifting character of maritime security cooperation in Southeast Asia. In doing so, this paper looks at the outcomes of three maritime security-oriented fora that exist within the ASEAN regional framework: the ASEAN Regional Forum, the ASEAN Defence Ministers’ Meeting, and the ASEAN Maritime Forum. By compiling and analysing data on the forms and frequency of existing cooperative activities from 2003 gathered from publicly available sources, this paper finds that maritime security cooperation among ASEAN members continue to be largely dialogue-based, with few instances of practical cooperation. By comparing the three fora, this paper argues that the organisational design of these forums tends to affect the forms of cooperation. This paper concludes that despite ASEAN showing progress in adopting practical security cooperation, there remain hurdles in achieving regional maritime security.


2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 220
Author(s):  
Indah Novitasari

This article discusses the relevance phenomenon of the world community's dependence on the use of cyber space, and the form of cyber security cooperation in Southeast Asia after ASEAN Community 2015. The use of cyber as an implication of information and communication technology progresses not only gives positive impact by shortening the distance, space and time, but in fact negatively impacted by the emergence a new generation of non-traditional threats which called cybercrime. This non-traditional threat appears latent, but has a massive impact on countries in Southeast Asia that have relatively high cyber consumptive levels with low cyber security. This spectrum of non-traditional threats needs to be addressed by efforts to implement a regional cooperation in order to strengthen the civic resilience actively within the global and regional framework. After ASEAN Community 2015, the integration of the region in various fields has also opened the vulnerability of various countries in the region against cybercrime. In facing this threat, ASEAN needs to create a more comprehensive cyber security cooperation framework through cyber security regime in Southeast Asia as an implementation of ASEAN values ​​and norms in realizing the stability of the region. The cyber security regime in Southeast Asia is considered to be a rational choice especially in achieving ASEAN Connectivity in 2025 as an agenda in realizing integration in Southeast Asia   Keywords: Cyber, Cyber Security Cooperation in South East Asia, Cyber Security Regime in South East Asia, ASEAN Connectivity 2025.     Abstrak   Artikel ini merupakan kajian yang membahas keterkaitan fenomena ketergantungan masyarakat dunia terhadap penggunaan ruang Siber, dan bentuk kerjasama Keamanan Siber di kawasan Asia Tenggara pasca berjalannya ASEAN Community tahun 2015. Penggunaan siber sebagai implikasi kemajuan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi, tidak hanya memberikan dampak positif dengan mempersingkat jarak, ruang dan waktu, namun nyatanya memberikan dampak negative dengan munculnya ancaman non-tradisional generasi baru yaitu kejahatan siber. Ancaman non-tradisional ini muncul secara laten, namun berdampak massif bagi negara-negara di Kawasan Asia Tenggara yang memiliki tingkat konsumtif siber relatif tinggi dengan keamanan siber yang rendah. Spektrum ancaman non-tradisional ini kemudian perlu disikapi dengan upaya melaksanakan sebuah kerjasama regional guna memperkuat ketahanan siber yang dilakukan secara aktif dalam kerangka global dan regional. Pasca Komunitas ASEAN 2015, integrasi kawasan dalam berbagai bidang nyatanya juga telah membuka kerentanan berbagai Negara di kawasan terhadap serangan kejahatan siber. Dalam menghadapi ancaman ini, maka ASEAN perlu membuat sebuah kerangka kerjasama keamanan siber yang lebih komprehensif melalui rejim keamanan siber di Asia Tenggara sebagai sebuah implementasi nilai dan norma ASEAN dalam mewujudkan stabilitas kawasan. Rejim Keamanan Siber di Asia Tenggara dinilai menjadi sebuah pilihan rasional terlebih dalam mencapai konektivitas ASEAN tahun 2025 sebagai sebuah agenda dalam mewujudkan integrasi di kawasan Asia Tenggara.   Kata Kunci: Siber, Kerjasama Keamanan Siber di Asia Tenggara, Rejim Keamanan Siber di Asia Tenggara, ASEAN Connectivity 2025  


2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-98
Author(s):  
Ludovica MARCHI

This article explores the EU’s attempts at the ASEAN Regional Forum (ARF) to encourage Myanmar directly, or indirectly via the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), to connect with security cooperation. It argues that both ASEAN’s assumption of responsibility and Myanmar’s taking on of multilateral security options were linked to the EU’s policy at ARF. In order to demonstrate this, the article provides an historical insight into the EEC/EU’s relations with ASEAN, in 1980, leading to the EU’s participation in the ARF in 1993. It focuses on the EU’s messages at the Forum when the EU and ASEAN co-chaired the ARF meetings. Meetings co-chaired by both were held between 2004 and 2008. The investigation relates to the ARF as to a framework where interactions develop, and uses Cyclone Nargis that ravaged Myanmar in 2008 to assess Myanmar and ASEAN’s conduct. In evaluating Yangon and the Association’s behaviour, the article is helped by explanations provided by social mechanisms, an appropriateness logic and observations derived from interviews conducted in Southeast Asia and Brussels. The article covers the interaction between the EU and Myanmar before the outbreak of the Rohingya crisis, which gave EU policies towards Myanmar a new dimension.


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