The Advantage of Activating the Role of the EDI-Bill of Lading And its Role to Achieve Possible Fullest

2018 ◽  
pp. 83-92
Keyword(s):  
Bill Of Lading

scholarly journals Prosedur Penerapan Dokumen Bill Of Lading Dalam Aktivitas Ekspor-Impor

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-26
Author(s):  
FeviLia Dea Ayu ◽  
Ida Ayu Putu Widiati ◽  
I Wayan Arthanaya
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Commercial Law ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
Letter Of Credit ◽  
Bill Of Lading ◽  
Trade Bill ◽  
Sea Transportation ◽  
Legal Arguments

Abstract-The development and advancement of an industry in trade which is increasingly rapidly influencing the world economy, especially in international trade through exports and imports. The Bill of Lading in Indonesian is known as the "agreement" which is the most important shipping document in the process of shipping goods by sea transportation to reduce responsibility for the risks that will arise in international trade. Bill of Lading (B / L) is one of the important documents of the Letter of Credit (L / C) as a means of payment transactions for exporters and importers. So that the formulation of the problem used: 1) What is the role of the Bill of Lading documents in export-import activities? 2) What is the procedure for applying the Bill of Lading documents in export-import activities? The research method used is the normative legal research method so that the problem approach used is the legislation approach, and conceptual approach, and uses primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials. So that the legal material collection technique used is the documentation technique by processing and analyzing legal materials that have been collected using legal arguments. The results of this study can be concluded that the regulation of the Bill of Lading (B / L) can be seen through the provisions of Article 506, the Commercial Law (KUHD); Article 25 paragraph (1) of Law No. 39 of 2007 concerning Excise. Keywords: Bill of Lading, International Trade, and Letter of Credit. Abstract-The development and advancement of an industry in trade which is increasingly rapidly influencing the world economy, especially in international trade through exports and imports. The Bill of Lading in Indonesian is known as the "agreement" which is the most important shipping document in the process of shipping goods by sea transportation to reduce responsibility for the risks that will arise in international trade. Bill of Lading (B / L) is one of the important documents of the Letter of Credit (L / C) as a means of payment transactions for exporters and importers. So that the formulation of the problem used: 1) What is the role of the Bill of Lading documents in export-import activities? 2) What is the procedure for applying the Bill of Lading documents in export-import activities? The research method used is the normative legal research method so that the problem approach used is the legislation approach, and conceptual approach, and uses primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials. So that the legal material collection technique used is the documentation technique by processing and analyzing legal materials that have been collected using legal arguments. The results of this study can be concluded that the regulation of the Bill of Lading (B / L) can be seen through the provisions of Article 506, the Commercial Law (KUHD); Article 25 paragraph (1) of Law No. 39 of 2007 concerning Excise. Kata Kunci: Bill of Lading, transaksi international, surat kredit

scholarly journals TRANSFORMATION OF THE INSTITUTIONAL BASE OF WORLD CARGO TRANSPORTATION

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (2(64)) ◽  
pp. 124-128
Author(s):  
D.V. Kartyshev
Keyword(s):  
Legal Status ◽  
Regulatory Framework ◽  
Vienna Convention ◽  
Commercial Law ◽  
Bill Of Lading ◽  
Trade Turnover ◽  
International Transport ◽  
The Status ◽  
International Conventions

The practice of international merchant shipping and the practice of international trade in goods are interrelated at different levels - from historical to the level of a separate treaty. Here, contracts for the purchase and sale of goods, transportation, insurance, financing, transport and warehouse documents of title are intertwined and interact. The necessary degree of awareness in these issues is an indispensable condition for both successful business activity and for solving the problems of unification of maritime and commercial law. The process of the unification of law began primarily in the field of international transport law. Universal international legal unification of material norms of contracts of sale of goods was held in 1980 in the form of the Vienna Convention. The creation of the Brussels Convention and the Hamburg Rules was preceded by the study of the commercial and economic aspects of the bill of lading in the trade turnover. For example, in 53 paragraphs of the report of the UNCTAD secretariat on a bill of lading, the following issues were covered in various ways: 1) the inversion of a bill of lading; 2) the effectiveness of its role in the sale of goods - in terms of transfer of ownership or risk of damage, as well as in operations related to shipping conditions (for example, FOB, CIF); 3) the role of the bill of lading in the sale of documents; 4) the role of the bill of lading in bank letters of credit; 5) the effectiveness of the bill of lading as a receipt for the goods; 6) the status of a bill of lading as a contract of carriage; 7) the status of a bill of lading as a document of title. In 1996, UNCTAD discussed the proposal to include in its work program a review of existing practices and legislation in the field of international maritime transport of goods with a view to identifying areas that require uniform rules, and with a view to achieving greater harmonization of laws . The proposal was accompanied by information that in existing national laws and international conventions there are significant gaps regarding the functioning of bills of lading and sea waybills, the connection of these transport documents with the rights and obligations of the seller and buyer of goods, the legal status of entities providing financing to one of the parties to the contract of carriage Cargo. In some states there is a regulatory framework for these issues, but it is not uniform. And in many states there is no regulatory framework in this sphere at all. This circumstance is an obstacle to the free movement of goods and increases the value of transactions. The widespread use of electronic means of communication in the transport of goods further exacerbates the consequences of the fragmentation and non-unification of various laws and leads to the need to develop uniform provisions on specific issues related to the use of the applied technologies.

Role of dactinomycin in the improved survival of children with Wilms' tumor

JAMA ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 195 (12) ◽  
pp. 1005-1009 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Fernbach
Keyword(s):  
Wilms Tumor

Role of the allergist in diagnosis and management of patients with uveitis

JAMA ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 195 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. E. Van Metre
Keyword(s):  
Diagnosis And Management

The power of norms to sway fused group members

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Winnifred R. Louis ◽  
Craig McGarty ◽  
Emma F. Thomas ◽  
Catherine E. Amiot ◽  
Fathali M. Moghaddam
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary Anthropology ◽  
Normative Systems ◽  
Violent Extremism ◽  
Identity Fusion ◽  
Group Members

AbstractWhitehouse adapts insights from evolutionary anthropology to interpret extreme self-sacrifice through the concept of identity fusion. The model neglects the role of normative systems in shaping behaviors, especially in relation to violent extremism. In peaceful groups, increasing fusion will actually decrease extremism. Groups collectively appraise threats and opportunities, actively debate action options, and rarely choose violence toward self or others.

Elaborating the role of reflection and individual differences in the study of folk-economic beliefs

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Arceneaux
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Behavioral Responses ◽  
History Of ◽  
Economic Beliefs

AbstractIntuitions guide decision-making, and looking to the evolutionary history of humans illuminates why some behavioral responses are more intuitive than others. Yet a place remains for cognitive processes to second-guess intuitive responses – that is, to be reflective – and individual differences abound in automatic, intuitive processing as well.

The role of affect in feelings of obligation

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefen Beeler-Duden ◽  
Meltem Yucel ◽  
Amrisha Vaish
Keyword(s):  
Positive Emotions ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Sense Of Obligation

Abstract Tomasello offers a compelling account of the emergence of humans’ sense of obligation. We suggest that more needs to be said about the role of affect in the creation of obligations. We also argue that positive emotions such as gratitude evolved to encourage individuals to fulfill cooperative obligations without the negative quality that Tomasello proposes is inherent in obligations.

Refining our understanding of the “elephant in the room”

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Whiten
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognition ◽  
Cultural Evolution ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Critical Factors ◽  
Technological Culture

Abstract The authors do the field of cultural evolution a service by exploring the role of non-social cognition in human cumulative technological culture, truly neglected in comparison with socio-cognitive abilities frequently assumed to be the primary drivers. Some specifics of their delineation of the critical factors are problematic, however. I highlight recent chimpanzee–human comparative findings that should help refine such analyses.

Choosing a Markov blanket

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Parr
Keyword(s):  
Markov Blanket ◽  
Target Article ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract This commentary focuses upon the relationship between two themes in the target article: the ways in which a Markov blanket may be defined and the role of precision and salience in mediating the interactions between what is internal and external to a system. These each rest upon the different perspectives we might take while “choosing” a Markov blanket.

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