Longitudinal Hierarchical Linear Modeling Analyses of California Psychological Inventory Data From Age 33 to 75: An Examination of Stability and Change in Adult Personality

2003 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 294-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Constance J. Jones ◽  
Norman Livson ◽  
Harvey Peskin
Keyword(s):  
Hierarchical Linear Modeling ◽  
California Psychological Inventory ◽  
Inventory Data ◽  
Linear Modeling ◽  
Stability And Change ◽  
Adult Personality ◽  
Psychological Inventory

scholarly journals WHO ANSWERS THE HOUSEHOLD FINANCIAL QUESTIONS: ANALYSIS OF STABILITY AND CHANGE

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S126-S126
Author(s):  
Angela L Curl ◽  
Chido Mudzonga
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Ability ◽  
Hierarchical Linear Modeling ◽  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
Economic Resources ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
Linear Modeling ◽  
Stability And Change ◽  
Self Rated Health ◽  
Analysis Of Stability ◽  
Retirement Study

Abstract There is limited research on who acts as household financial respondents (FR) for couples who are responding to surveys. The purpose of this study was to determine the amount of stability and change in FR, as well as predictors of FR status and change of FR status. Methodology: This study analyzed data from Health Retirement Study from 2006 to 2014. The sample comprised of 6,755 households of couples over the age of 50. Data were analyzed using Hierarchical Linear Modeling (HLM). Results: The results indicated that 18.13% households experienced one or more transitions of the financial respondent. Black non-Hispanics, males, those with higher education, earning a greater percent of the household’s income and those with higher cognitive ability were more likely to be the financial respondent than their counterparts. Higher depression (OR=1.22, p< .01) and lower cognitive ability (OR= 1.06, p<.01) were factors that predicted changes in the household’s financial respondent. Health (number of chronic conditions, self-rated health) and percentage of the household earnings are not significant in the change of financial respondent. Discussion: Change of respondent may result in differences in reporting of household financial resources in longitudinal studies. Changes in respondent may also be indicative of a more Egalitarian household, or serve as an early sign of changes in family dynamics or roles. As changes in mental health and cognitive ability may prompt a change of financial respondent, this highlights the importance of both spouses being financially literate and aware of the family’s economic resources, investments and obligations.

The Relationship Between Leader–Member Exchange and Employees’ Proactive Behaviors

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 106-111
Author(s):  
Fong-Yi Lai ◽  
Szu-Chi Lu ◽  
Cheng-Chen Lin ◽  
Yu-Chin Lee
Keyword(s):  
Hierarchical Linear Modeling ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Leader Member Exchange ◽  
Voice Behavior ◽  
Linear Modeling ◽  
Team Members ◽  
Member Exchange ◽  
Multi Temporal ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Practical Implications

Abstract. The present study proposed that, unlike prior leader–member exchange (LMX) research which often implicitly assumed that each leader develops equal-quality relationships with their supervisors (leader’s LMX; LLX), every leader develops different relationships with their supervisors and, in turn, receive different amounts of resources. Moreover, these differentiated relationships with superiors will influence how leader–member relationship quality affects team members’ voice and creativity. We adopted a multi-temporal (three wave) and multi-source (leaders and employees) research design. Hypotheses were tested on a sample of 227 bank employees working in 52 departments. Results of the hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) analysis showed that LLX moderates the relationship between LMX and team members’ voice behavior and creative performance. Strengths, limitations, practical implications, and directions for future research are discussed.

Impact of relatedness, uncertainty and slack on corporate entrepreneurship decisions

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Garrett ◽  
Shaunn Mattingly ◽  
Jeff Hornsby ◽  
Alireza Aghaey
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Hierarchical Linear Modeling ◽  
Cognitive Strategies ◽  
Corporate Entrepreneurship ◽  
New Venture ◽  
Organizational Level ◽  
Linear Modeling ◽  
Slack Resources ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Positive Effect

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of opportunity relatedness and uncertainty on the decision of a corporate entrepreneur to pursue a venturing opportunity.Design/methodology/approachThe study uses a conjoint experimental design to reveal the structure of respondents' decision policies. Data were gathered from 47 useable replies from corporate entrepreneurs and were analyzed with hierarchical linear modeling (HLM).FindingsResults show that product relatedness, market relatedness, perceived certainty about expected outcomes and slack resources all have a positive effect on the willingness of a corporate entrepreneur to pursue a new venture idea. Moreover, slack was found to diminish the positive effect of product relatedness on the likelihood to pursue a venturing opportunity.Practical implicationsBy providing a better understanding of decision-making schemas of corporate entrepreneurs, the findings of this study help improve the practice of entrepreneurship at the organizational level. In order to make more accurate opportunity assessments, corporate entrepreneurs need to be aware of their cognitive strategies and need to factor in the salient criteria affecting such assessments.Originality/valueThis paper adds to the limited understanding of corporate-level decision-making with regard to pursuing venturing opportunities. More specifically, the paper adds new insights regarding how relatedness and uncertainty affect new venture opportunity assessments in the presence (or lack thereof) of slack resources.

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