Correction to: Pluronic-Coated Biogenic Gold Nanoparticles for Colon Delivery of 5-Fluorouracil: In vitro and Ex vivo Studies

Introduction: Inflammation contributes to progression of both atherosclerosis and abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA). Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) have imaging and therapeutic properties, as they can ablate cells through optical excitation. We have shown that GNPs are taken up by vascular macrophages and can be used to detect murine carotid atherosclerosis and AAA with computed tomography (CT). In this study, we evaluated GNPs for optical ablation of macrophages in vitro and ex vivo. Methods: Mouse macrophage cells were incubated with or without 100 or 200 μg/ml of GNPs (15 nm) for 24 hours. Ten million cells with or without GNPs were exposed to near-infrared (NIR) laser light (830 nm, pulse width 200 femtosecond) for 10-20 minutes at 400-437 mW. After optical excitation, cells were incubated for 24 hours, and the viability was measured by MTT assay. Male apoE-deficient mice were subject to continuous angiotensin II infusion via subcutaneously implanted osmotic mini-pumps (N=4). After 2 weeks, mice were injected with GNPs (10 mg/mouse) via tail vein. At 48 hours post-injection, aortas were excised. Excised aortas were scanned with micro-CT imaging system and exposed to the laser for 20 minutes at 364 mW. After optical ablation, the sections of aortas were stained with anti-caspase-3 antibody. Results: With the higher dose of GNPs (200 μg/ml), cell viability was significantly reduced by in vitro optical excitation for 10 minutes (Figure 1, left; p<0.05). With the lower dose of GNPs (100 μg/ml), cell viability was significantly reduced by 20-minutes excitation, although 10-minutes excitation was not sufficient to reduce cell viability (Figure 1, right; p<0.003). Ex vivo CT imaging showed the accumulation of GNPs in adventitia of aorta (Figure 2). Ex vivo optical excitation showed minimal apoptosis induction of macrophages in adventitia. Conclusion: Optical excitation of GNPs causes macrophage ablation and has potential for targeted nanotherapy of vascular inflammation.

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Visualisation of distribution of gold nanoparticles in liver tissues ex vivo and in vitro using the method of optical coherence tomography

Quantum Electronics ◽

10.1070/qe2012v042n06abeh014884 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 42 (6) ◽

pp. 478-483 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Elina A Genina ◽

G S Terentyuk ◽

B N Khlebtsov ◽

A N Bashkatov ◽

Valerii V Tuchin

Keyword(s):

Gold Nanoparticles ◽

Optical Coherence Tomography ◽

Ex Vivo ◽

Optical Coherence ◽

Liver Tissues

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Gold Nanoparticles Exert Endocrine-Disrupting Effects on Ovarian Steroidogenesis Ex Vivo: Estimation of Target-Tissue Dose Using the In Vitro Sedimentation Diffusion Dosimetry Model.

Biology of Reproduction ◽

10.1093/biolreprod/87.s1.245 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 87 (Suppl_1) ◽

pp. 245-245

Author(s):

Jeremy Larson ◽

Justin Teeguarden ◽

Evan Krystofiak ◽

Michael Carvan ◽

Rebecca Klaper ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gold Nanoparticles ◽

Ex Vivo ◽

Target Tissue ◽

Ovarian Steroidogenesis ◽

Tissue Dose ◽

Endocrine Disrupting

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Gold Nanoparticles Mediate Improved Detection of β-amyloid Aggregates by Fluorescence

Nanomaterials ◽

10.3390/nano10040690 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 690

Author(s):

Pedro Jara-Guajardo ◽

Pablo Cabrera ◽

Freddy Celis ◽

Mónica Soler ◽

Isadora Berlanga ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gold Nanoparticles ◽

Amyloid Beta ◽

Ex Vivo ◽

Brain Slices ◽

Amyloid Beta Peptide ◽

Fluorescence Signal ◽

Surface Enhancement ◽

Beta Peptide ◽

Fluorescence Effect

The early detection of the amyloid beta peptide aggregates involved in Alzheimer’s disease is crucial to test new potential treatments. In this research, we improved the detection of amyloid beta peptide aggregates in vitro and ex vivo by fluorescence combining the use of CRANAD-2 and gold nanorods (GNRs) by the surface enhancement fluorescence effect. We synthetized GNRs and modified their surface with HS-PEG-OMe and HS-PEG-COOH and functionalized them with the D1 peptide, which has the capability to selectively bind to amyloid beta peptide. For an in vitro detection of amyloid beta peptide, we co-incubated amyloid beta peptide aggregates with the probe CRANAD-2 and GNR-PEG-D1 observing an increase in the intensity of the fluorescence signal attributed to surface enhancement fluorescence. Furthermore, the surface enhancement fluorescence effect was observed in brain slices of transgenic mice with Alzheimer´s disease co-incubated with CRANAD-2 and GNR-PEG-D1. An increase in the fluorescence signal was observed allowing the detection of aggregates that cannot be detected with the single use of CRANAD-2. Gold nanoparticles allowed an improvement in the detection of the amyloid aggregated by fluorescence in vitro and ex vivo.

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Effects of the Tibetan herbal preparation PADMA 28 on blood lipids and lipid oxidisability in subjects with mild hypercholesterolaemia

VASA ◽

10.1024/0301-1526.34.1.11 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 34 (1) ◽

pp. 11-17 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Brunner-La Rocca ◽

Schindler ◽

Schlumpf ◽

Saller ◽

Suter

Keyword(s):

Endothelial Dysfunction ◽

Blood Lipids ◽

Ex Vivo ◽

Hdl Cholesterol ◽

Blood Lipid ◽

Tibetan Medicine ◽

Double Blind ◽

Intraarterial Infusion ◽

Padma 28

Background: Previous studies showed an anti-atherosclerotic effect of PADMA 28, an herbal formula based on Tibetan medicine. As the mechanisms of action are not fully understood, we investigated whether PADMA 28 may lower blood lipids and lipid oxidisability, and affect early endothelial dysfunction. Patients and methods: Sixty otherwise healthy subjects with total cholesterol ≥5.2 mmol/l and < 8.0 mmol/l were randomly assigned to placebo or PADMA 28, 3 x 2 capsules daily, for 4 weeks (double-blind). Blood lipids (total, LDL-, and HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, Apo-lipoprotein A1 and B) and ex vivo lipid oxidisability were measured before and after treatment. In a subset of 24 subjects, endothelial function was assessed using venous occlusion plethysmography with intraarterial infusion of acetylcholine. Isolated LDL and plasma both untreated and pre-treated with PADMA 28 extract were oxidised by the radical generator AAPH. Conjugated diene formation was measured at 245 nm. Results: Blood lipids did not change during the study in both groups. In contrast to previous reports in mild hypercholesterolaemia, no endothelial dysfunction was seen and, consequently, was not influenced by therapy. Ex vivo blood lipid oxidisability was significantly reduced with PADMA 28 (area under curve: 5.29 ± 1.62 to 4.99 ± 1.46, p = 0.01), and remained unchanged in the placebo group (5.33 ± 1.88 to 5.18 ± 1.78, p > 0.1). This effect persisted one week after cessation of medication. In vitro experiments confirmed the prevention of lipid peroxidation in the presence of PADMA 28 extracts. Persistent protection was also seen for LDL isolated from PADMA 28-pretreated blood after being subjected to rigorous purification. Conclusions: This study suggests that the inhibition of blood lipid oxidisability by PADMA 28 may play a role in its anti-atherosclerotic effect.

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The Role of Polyphenols in the Modulation of Plasma Non-Enzymatic Antioxidant Capacity (NEAC)

International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research ◽

10.1024/0300-9831/a000116 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 82 (3) ◽

pp. 228-232 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Mauro Serafini ◽

Giuseppa Morabito

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Dietary Intervention ◽

Ex Vivo ◽

The Body ◽

Dietary Polyphenols ◽

Enzymatic Antioxidant ◽

Endogenous Antioxidant

Dietary polyphenols have been shown to scavenge free radicals, modulating cellular redox transcription factors in different in vitro and ex vivo models. Dietary intervention studies have shown that consumption of plant foods modulates plasma Non-Enzymatic Antioxidant Capacity (NEAC), a biomarker of the endogenous antioxidant network, in human subjects. However, the identification of the molecules responsible for this effect are yet to be obtained and evidences of an antioxidant in vivo action of polyphenols are conflicting. There is a clear discrepancy between polyphenols (PP) concentration in body fluids and the extent of increase of plasma NEAC. The low degree of absorption and the extensive metabolism of PP within the body have raised questions about their contribution to the endogenous antioxidant network. This work will discuss the role of polyphenols from galenic preparation, food extracts, and selected dietary sources as modulators of plasma NEAC in humans.

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