scholarly journals Race, Ancestry, and Vitamin D Metabolism: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 105 (12) ◽  
pp. e4337-e4350
Author(s):  
Simon Hsu ◽  
Andrew N Hoofnagle ◽  
Deepak K Gupta ◽  
Orlando M Gutierrez ◽  
Carmen A Peralta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
European Ancestry ◽  
Vitamin D Metabolism ◽  
Ethnic Study ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Mineral Homeostasis ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Racial Ethnic

Abstract Context A comprehensive characterization of racial/ethnic variations in vitamin D metabolism markers may improve our understanding of differences in bone and mineral homeostasis and the risk of vitamin D–related diseases. Objective Describe racial/ethnic differences in vitamin D metabolism markers and their associations with genetic ancestry. Design, Setting, Participants In a cross-sectional study within the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA), we compared a comprehensive panel of vitamin D metabolism markers across self-reported racial/ethnic groups of Black (N = 1759), White (N = 2507), Chinese (N = 788), and Hispanic (N = 1411). We evaluated associations of proportion African and European ancestry with this panel of markers in Black and Hispanic participants using ancestry informative markers. Latent class analysis evaluated associations between patterns of vitamin D measurements with race/ethnicity. Results Compared with Black participants, White participants had significantly higher serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and fibroblast growth factor-23; lower concentrations of parathyroid hormone and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D; circulating vitamin D metabolite ratios suggesting lower CYP27B1 and higher CYP24A1 activity; higher urinary concentrations of calcium and phosphorus with higher urinary fractional excretion of phosphorus; and differences in vitamin D binding globulin haplotypes. Higher percent European ancestry was associated with higher 25-hydroxyvitamin D and lower parathyroid hormone concentrations among Black and Hispanic participants. Latent classes defined by vitamin D measurements reflected these patterns and differed significantly by race/ethnicity and ancestry. Conclusions Markers of vitamin D metabolism vary significantly by race/ethnicity, may serve to maintain bone and mineral homeostasis across ranges of 25-hydroxyvitamin D production, and be attributable, at least partly, to genetic ancestry.

scholarly journals Conflicting actions of parathyroid hormone-related protein and serum calcium as regulators of 25-hydroxyvitamin D(3)-1 alpha-hydroxylase expression in a nude rat model of humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy

2001 ◽  
Vol 171 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Michigami ◽  
H Yamato ◽  
H Suzuki ◽  
Y Nagai-Itagaki ◽  
K Sato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Related Protein ◽  
Humoral Hypercalcemia Of Malignancy ◽  
Vitamin D Metabolism ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Humoral Hypercalcemia ◽  
Parathyroid Hormone Related Protein ◽  
Severe Hypercalcemia ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D

In patients with humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy (HHM), serum levels of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)(2)D) are generally low, although the pathophysiology of the impaired vitamin D metabolism is not fully understood. In the present study, we have investigated vitamin D metabolism in our newly developed rat model of HHM in which a human infantile fibrosarcoma producing parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP), named OMC-1, was inoculated s.c. into athymic nude rats. In OMC-1-bearing rats, the serum concentration of 1,25(OH)(2)D was markedly reduced when the animals exhibited severe hypercalcemia (Ca > or =15 mg/dl), while it was rather elevated in those with mild hypercalcemia. To further examine whether serum Ca levels affect 1,25(OH)(2)D concentration, we administered bisphosphonate YM529 to OMC-1-bearing rats when they exhibited severe hypercalcemia. The restoration of the serum Ca level by administration of YM529 was accompanied by a marked increase in the 1,25(OH)(2)D level, suggesting that the serum Ca level itself plays an important role in the regulation of the 1,25(OH)(2)D level in these rats. On the other hand, when the OMC-1-bearing rats were treated with a neutralizing antibody against PTHrP, serum 1,25(OH)(2)D levels remained low despite the reduction in serum Ca levels. Expression of 25-hydroxyvitamin D-1 alpha-hydroxylase (1 alpha-hydroxylase) in kidney was decreased in OMC-1-bearing rats with severe hypercalcemia, and markedly enhanced after treatment with bisphosphonate. This enhancement in 1 alpha-hydroxylase expression was not observed after treatment with the antibody against PTHrP. These results suggest that PTHrP was responsible for the enhanced expression of 1 alpha-hydroxylase in YM529-treated rats, and that hypercalcemia played a role in reducing the serum 1,25(OH)(2)D level in OMC-1-bearing rats by suppressing the PTHrP-induced expression of the 1 alpha-hydroxylase gene.

scholarly journals Vitamin D Status and Indices of Mineral Homeostasis in the Population: Differences Between 25-Hydroxyvitamin D and 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1777 ◽  
Author(s):  
Massimo Cirillo ◽  
Giancarlo Bilancio ◽  
Ermanno Guarino ◽  
Pierpaolo Cavallo ◽  
Cinzia Lombardi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Study Cohort ◽  
Urine Calcium ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Dihydroxyvitamin D ◽  
1,25 Dihydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Mineral Homeostasis ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Serum And Urine

Opinions are conflicting about the epidemiology of vitamin D deficiency. This population-based study investigated cross-sectionally the associations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (calcidiol) and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (calcitriol) with indices of mineral homeostasis. Study cohort consisted of 979 persons of the Moli-Sani study, both sexes, ages ≥35 years. Data collection included serum calcidiol by different assays, serum calcitriol, serum parathyroid hormone, serum and urine calcium, and phosphorus. Prevalence of mild-to-moderate calcidiol deficiency (10–19 ng/mL) was 36.4% and did not associate with hypocalcemia or hyperparathyroidism. Prevalence of severe calcidiol deficiency (<10 ng/mL) was 16.8% and associated with hyperparathyroidism only (odds ratio = 8.81, 95% confidence interval = 2.4/32.9). Prevalence of calcitriol deficiency (<18 pg/mL) was 3.1% and associated with hypocalcemia (29.1, 7.4/114.5) but not hyperparathyroidism. In ANOVA along concentration strata, lower calcidiol associated with higher parathyroid hormone only (p < 0.001). Lower calcitriol associated with lower serum and urine calcium (p < 0.001) but not with parathyroid hormone. Calcidiol findings were consistent with different calcidiol assays. In the population, mild-to-moderate calcidiol deficiency did not associate with abnormal mineral homeostasis. Severe calcidiol deficiency and calcitriol deficiency associated with different disorders: lower calcidiol associated with hyperparathyroidism whereas lower calcitriol associated with hypocalcemia and low urine calcium.

scholarly journals Plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, and parathyroid hormone in familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia and primary hyperparathyroidism

2008 ◽  
Vol 159 (6) ◽  
pp. 719-727 ◽  
Author(s):  
Signe Engkjær Christensen ◽  
Peter H Nissen ◽  
Peter Vestergaard ◽  
Lene Heickendorff ◽  
Lars Rejnmark ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Primary Hyperparathyroidism ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia ◽  
Vitamin D Metabolism ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Dihydroxyvitamin D ◽  
1,25 Dihydroxyvitamin D ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D

IntroductionFamilial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia (FHH) is a lifelong, benign, inherited condition caused by inactivating mutations in the calcium-sensing receptor (CASR) gene. Both FHH and primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) are characterized by elevated P-calcium, normal or elevated plasma-parathyroid hormone (P-PTH), and typically normal renal function. In PHPT, vitamin D metabolism is typically characterized by low plasma levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD), and high plasma levels of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)2D). In FHH, the vitamin D metabolism is not very well known.ObjectiveTo compare and evaluate plasma 25OHD, 1,25(OH)2D, and PTH in FHH and PHPT.DesignCross-sectional study.MaterialsAbout 66 FHH patients with mutations in the CASR gene, 147 patients with surgically verified PHPT, and 46 controls matched to FHH patients according to age (±5 years), sex, and season. All patients had a P-creatinine <140 μmol/l.MethodsWe measured P-calcium, P-Ca2+, P-albumin, P-creatinine, P-phosphate, P-magnesium, and P-PTH by standard laboratory methods. P-25OHD and P-1,25(OH)2D were measured by RIA or enzyme immunoassay. In FHH, all protein-coding exons in the CASR gene were sequenced and aligned to GenBank reference sequence .ResultsPHPT patients had higher body mass index (2p<0.01), together with higher P-PTH (2p<0.01) and P-1,25(OH)2D (2p<0.01) compared with FHH patients. The groups had similar levels of P-Ca2+ and of P-25OHD. The phenotypic expression of the CASR mutations (as determined by the degree of hypercalcemia) did not influence the levels of P-1,25(OH)2D.ConclusionEven though P-calcium and P-25OHD were comparable, P-1,25(OH)2D and P-PTH differed between FHH and PHPT.

Vitamin D Dose Response Study: Effect on Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D and Parathyroid Hormone

2011 ◽  
pp. S60-1-S60-1
Author(s):  
J Christopher Gallagher ◽  
Adarsh Sai ◽  
Thomas J Templin ◽  
Lynette M Smith
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Dose Response Study

scholarly journals P431 Vitamin D binding protein in the limelight: IBD-related inflammation and circulating levels of vitamin D binding protein, total, free and bioavailable 25-hydroxyvitamin D

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S393-S393
Author(s):  
A Aksan ◽  
K Böttger ◽  
N Hein ◽  
Y Caicedo-Zea ◽  
I Diehl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Transferrin Saturation ◽  
Simultaneous Detection ◽  
Full Blood Count ◽  
Vitamin D Binding Protein ◽  
Vitamin D Metabolism ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D

Abstract Background Vitamin D deficiency occurs frequently in patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). While recent cohort studies support an association of vitamin D with important clinical parameters and outcomes in IBD, the complex interplay of inflammation with vitamin D metabolism in IBD poses a viscious circle. We sought to further illucidate the relation between inflammation and different vitamin D parameters. To the best our knowledge, this was the first study to focus on the relationship between vitamin D binding protein (VDBP), circulating total, free, and bioavailable 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D), and inflammation, in adult IBD patients. Methods This was a comparative, single-centred, cross-sectional study in patients with IBD aged 18–65 years. Full blood count, transferrin, albumin and hsCRP were determined by standard methods. The presence/absence of inflammation was assessed based on serum hsCRP levels (cutoff &lt;5mg/l). VDBP levels were determined by ELISA, and 25(OH)D by LCMS. Free and bioavailable vitamin D levels were calculated using the validated formula. IBM SPSS version 25.0 was used for statistical analysis. Results In total, 129 subjects with IBD (70 male/59 female; 82 CD/47 UC; mean age 41.7 ± 12.6 years) were enrolled. Of these, 38/129 had inflammation (19 m/19 f; 26 CD/12 UC; 39.6 ± 12.9 years) while 91/129 had no inflammation (40 m/51 f; 56 CD/35 UC; 42.5 ± 12.5 years). Subjects with disease activity had significantly higher leukocyte, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and hsCRP, but lower transferrin, transferrin saturation (TSAT) and albumin levels than those without inflammation (p &lt; 0.05). Average serum levels of 25(OH)D (24.6[6.8–54.8] vs. 26.4[5.0–74.4]ng/ml), free 25(OH)D (5.9[1.3–13.3] vs. 1.0[1.0–21.4]ng/ml) and bioavailable 25(OH)D(2.3 [0.1–4.7] vs. 2.4[0.5–19.5]ng/ml) were similar in patients with vs. without inflammation (p &gt; 0.05). However, VDBP levels were significantly higher in inflammatory conditions (359.6[252.2–530.6] mg/l vs. 327.4[183.5–560.3]mg/l; p &lt; 0.05) and showed a positive correlation with CRP levels (0.293, p &lt; 0.001). Ratio of free/total 25(OH)D correlated negatively with CRP levels (−0.282, p = 0.002). Conclusion High levels of circulating VDBP were associated with inflammatory activity. Moreover, free/total 25(OH)D ratio was inversely associated with inflammation. Other vitamin D parameters including total, free and bioavailable 25(OH)D showed no association with inflammation. These findings suggest that VDBP may play a bigger role than thought as a modulator of vitamin D and inflammation, and that simultaneous detection and investigation of plasma VDBP may provide additional insights into this complex interaction.

scholarly journals Vitamin D Metabolism and Profiling in Veterinary Species

Metabolites ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma A. Hurst ◽  
Natalie Z. Homer ◽  
Richard J. Mellanby
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Companion Animals ◽  
Vitamin D Metabolites ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Vitamin D Metabolism ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D

The demand for vitamin D analysis in veterinary species is increasing with the growing knowledge of the extra-skeletal role vitamin D plays in health and disease. The circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin-D (25(OH)D) metabolite is used to assess vitamin D status, and the benefits of analysing other metabolites in the complex vitamin D pathway are being discovered in humans. Profiling of the vitamin D pathway by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) facilitates simultaneous analysis of multiple metabolites in a single sample and over wide dynamic ranges, and this method is now considered the gold-standard for quantifying vitamin D metabolites. However, very few studies report using LC-MS/MS for the analysis of vitamin D metabolites in veterinary species. Given the complexity of the vitamin D pathway and the similarities in the roles of vitamin D in health and disease between humans and companion animals, there is a clear need to establish a comprehensive, reliable method for veterinary analysis that is comparable to that used in human clinical practice. In this review, we highlight the differences in vitamin D metabolism between veterinary species and the benefits of measuring vitamin D metabolites beyond 25(OH)D. Finally, we discuss the analytical challenges in profiling vitamin D in veterinary species with a focus on LC-MS/MS methods.

scholarly journals Oral vitamin D supplementation has a lower bioavailability and reduces hypersecretion of parathyroid hormone and insulin resistance in obese Chinese males

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 2211-2219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji-Chang Zhou ◽  
Yu-Mei Zhu ◽  
Zheng Chen ◽  
Jun-Luan Mo ◽  
Feng-Zhu Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Intervention Trial ◽  
Oral Vitamin ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the vitamin D status, SNP of the vitamin D receptor gene (VDR) and the effects of vitamin D supplementation on parathyroid hormone and insulin secretion in adult males with obesity or normal weight in a subtropical Chinese city.DesignAn intervention trial.SettingShenzhen City, Guangdong Province, China.SubjectsFrom a cross-sectional survey conducted from June to July, eighty-two normal-weight and ninety-nine obese males (18–69 years) were screened to analyse their vitamin D status and for five SNP of VDR. From these individuals, in the same season of a different year, obese and normal-weight male volunteers (twenty-one per group) were included for an intervention trial with oral vitamin D supplementation at 1250 µg/week for 8 weeks.ResultsFor the survey, there was no significant difference (P>0·05) in baseline circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations or in the percentages of participants in different categories of vitamin D status between the two groups. The VDR SNP, rs3782905, was significantly associated with obesity (P=0·043), but none of the examined SNP were correlated with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D when adjusted for age, BMI and study group. After vitamin D supplementation, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration, hypersecretions of parathyroid hormone and insulin, and insulin resistance in the obese were changed beneficially (P<0·05); however, the increase in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D was less than that of the normal-weight men.ConclusionsFor obese and normal-weight men of subtropical China, the summer baseline vitamin D status was similar. However, oral vitamin D supplementation revealed a decreased bioavailability of vitamin D in obese men and ameliorated their hypersecretion of parathyroid hormone and insulin resistance.

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