Chronic activation of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis and loss of circadian rhythm during adjuvant-induced arthritis in the rat

Endocrinology ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 130 (4) ◽  
pp. 1775-1779 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. J. Sarlis
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Adjuvant Induced Arthritis ◽  
Adrenal Axis ◽  
Chronic Activation ◽  
Pituitary Adrenal Axis

OPIATE MODULATION OF THE PITUITARY-ADRENAL AXIS: EFFECTS OF STRESS AND CIRCADIAN RHYTHM

1982 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 279-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. GROSSMAN ◽  
R. C. GAILLARD ◽  
P. McCARTNEY ◽  
LESLEY H. REES ◽  
G. M. BESSER
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Adrenal Axis ◽  
Effects Of Stress ◽  
Pituitary Adrenal Axis

scholarly journals MECHANISMS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY: A sense of time of the glucocorticoid circadian clock: from the ontogeny to the diagnosis of Cushing’s syndrome

2018 ◽  
Vol 179 (1) ◽  
pp. R1-R18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayrton Custodio Moreira ◽  
Sonir Rauber Antonini ◽  
Margaret de Castro
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Circadian Clock ◽  
Clock Genes ◽  
Circadian Variation ◽  
Circadian System ◽  
Feedback Loops ◽  
Adrenal Axis ◽  
Sense Of Time ◽  
Pituitary Adrenal Axis ◽  
Hierarchical Manner

The circadian rhythm of glucocorticoids has long been recognised within the last 75 years. Since the beginning, researchers have sought to identify basic mechanisms underlying the origin and emergence of the corticosteroid circadian rhythmicity among mammals. Accordingly, Young, Hall and Rosbash, laureates of the 2017 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, as well as Takahashi’s group among others, have characterised the molecular cogwheels of the circadian system, describing interlocking transcription/translation feedback loops essential for normal circadian rhythms. Plasma glucocorticoid circadian variation depends on the expression of intrinsic clock genes within the anatomic components of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis, which are organised in a hierarchical manner. This review presents a general overview of the glucocorticoid circadian clock mechanisms, highlighting the ontogeny of the pituitary–adrenal axis diurnal rhythmicity as well as the involvement of circadian rhythm abnormalities in the physiopathology and diagnosis of Cushing’s disease.

scholarly journals Regulation of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis Circadian Rhythm by Endocannabinoids Is Sexually Diergic

2010 ◽  
Vol 95 (7) ◽  
pp. 3561-3561
Author(s):  
Helen C. Atkinson ◽  
James D. Leggett ◽  
Susan A. Wood ◽  
Emma S. Castrique ◽  
Yvonne M. Kershaw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Hypothalamic Pituitary Adrenal Axis ◽  
Hypothalamic Pituitary Adrenal ◽  
Adrenal Axis ◽  
Pituitary Adrenal Axis

scholarly journals Chronic stress, epigenetics, and adipose tissue metabolism in the obese state

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Xiao ◽  
Dongmin Liu ◽  
Mark A. Cline ◽  
Elizabeth R. Gilbert
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Epigenetic Changes ◽  
Stress Exposure ◽  
Adipose Tissue Metabolism ◽  
Tissue Metabolism ◽  
Adrenal Axis ◽  
Chronic Activation ◽  
Hypothalamus Pituitary Adrenal Axis ◽  
Pituitary Adrenal Axis

Abstract In obesity, endocrine and metabolic perturbations, including those induced by chronic activation of the hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenal axis, are associated with the accumulation of adipose tissue and inflammation. Such changes are attributable to a combination of genetic and epigenetic factors that are influenced by the environment and exacerbated by chronic activation of the hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenal axis. Stress exposure at different life stages can alter adipose tissue metabolism directly through epigenetic modification or indirectly through the manipulation of hypothalamic appetite regulation, and thereby contribute to endocrine changes that further disrupt whole-body energy balance. This review synthesizes current knowledge, with an emphasis on human clinical trials, to describe metabolic changes in adipose tissue and associated endocrine, genetic and epigenetic changes in the obese state. In particular, we discuss epigenetic changes induced by stress exposure and their contribution to appetite and adipocyte dysfunction, which collectively promote the pathogenesis of obesity. Such knowledge is critical for providing future directions of metabolism research and targets for treating metabolic disorders.

Constant Light and Dark Affect the Circadian Rhythm of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis

1988 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 309-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan J. Fischman ◽  
Abba J. Kastin ◽  
Markus V. Graf ◽  
Roberta L. Moldow
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Hypothalamic Pituitary Adrenal Axis ◽  
Constant Light ◽  
Hypothalamic Pituitary Adrenal ◽  
Adrenal Axis ◽  
Pituitary Adrenal Axis

scholarly journals Continuous Free Cortisol Profiles—Circadian Rhythms in Healthy Men

2019 ◽  
Vol 104 (12) ◽  
pp. 5935-5947 ◽  
Author(s):  
R C Bhake ◽  
V Kluckner ◽  
H Stassen ◽  
G M Russell ◽  
J Leendertz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Circadian Rhythms ◽  
Sleep Onset ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Adrenal Axis ◽  
Free Cortisol ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Hours ◽  
Cortisol Levels ◽  
Pituitary Adrenal Axis

Abstract Context The pituitary–adrenal axis had historically been considered a representative model for circadian rhythms. A recently developed portable collection device has provided the opportunity to evaluate free cortisol profiles using the microdialysis approach in individuals free to conduct their day-to-day activities in their own surroundings. Methods Two separate experiments were conducted in healthy male volunteers. The total and subcutaneous (SC) free cortisol levels were measured at 10-minute intervals for a 24-hour period in one experiment, and the SC free cortisol levels were measured at 20-minute interval for 72 consecutive hours in free-living individuals in the second experiment. Results The characteristic circadian rhythm was evident in both serum total and SC free cortisol, with the lowest levels achieved and maintained in the hours surrounding sleep onset and the peak levels occurring in every individual around waking. In all free-living individuals, the circadian rhythm was consistent across the 72-hour period, despite a wide range of activities. All the participants also showed increased cortisol after the consumption of lunch. The lowest levels during all 24-hour periods were observed during the hours after lights off, at the onset of sleep. Conclusions To the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first to report up to three consecutive 24-hour measurements of SC free cortisol in healthy individuals. We believe our study is a landmark study that paves the way for ambulatory monitoring of free cortisol profiles continuously for a period of 72 hours in free-living individuals performing their day-to-day activities whether healthy or with diseases involving the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis.

Circadian rhythm of type II 5′deiodinase activity in the rat hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis

Endocrine ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 3 (8) ◽  
pp. 597-601 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Luna ◽  
G. Guzmán ◽  
L. Navarro ◽  
S. Sánchez de la Peña ◽  
C. Valverde-R
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Hypothalamic Pituitary Adrenal Axis ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Hypothalamic Pituitary Adrenal ◽  
Adrenal Axis ◽  
Deiodinase Activity ◽  
Pituitary Adrenal Axis
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document