Calcium Excretion and Serum Calcium Concentration in Adult Intact and Gonadectomized Rats

Endocrinology ◽  
1968 ◽  
Vol 83 (6) ◽  
pp. 1375-1376 ◽  
Author(s):  
BERNARD F. RICE ◽  
ROY PONTHIER ◽  
M. CLINTON MILLER
Keyword(s):  
Serum Calcium ◽  
Calcium Concentration ◽  
Calcium Excretion ◽  
Serum Calcium Concentration

The Causes of Hypocalcaemia in Chronic Renal Failure

1971 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 305-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Cochran ◽  
B. E. C. Nordin
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Serum Calcium ◽  
Sodium Excretion ◽  
Calcium Concentration ◽  
Calcium Absorption ◽  
Calcium Excretion ◽  
Urine Calcium ◽  
Serum Calcium Concentration ◽  
Glomerular Filtrate ◽  
Urine Calcium Excretion

1. Serum calcium and phosphate, calcium absorption and calcium excretion were measured in twenty-seven cases of chronic renal failure. 2. Hypocalcaemia was present in thirteen cases and tended to be more severe in patients with the most severe degree of renal failure. 3. The hypocalcaemia could not be attributed to hyperphosphataemia since many of the patients with hypocalcaemia had normal serum phosphate concentrations. 4. Malabsorption of calcium was observed in all but three patients, and was significantly related to the degree of renal failure, but there was only a weak correlation between absorption and the serum calcium concentration. The 24 h calcium excretion was not significantly related to creatinine clearance or to calcium absorption. 5. The relation between serum calcium concentration and fasting urine calcium excretion, expressed in mg per 100 ml of glomerular filtrate, was grossly abnormal. Instead of the positive correlation previously established in normal subjects, plasma calcium and urine calcium expressed in this way were inversely related, signifying a severe reduction in the tubular reabsorption of calcium. 6. Calcium and sodium excretion (each expressed in units per 100 ml of glomerular filtrate) were significantly related, but calcium excretion and serum bicarbonate were not. However, examination of the urine calcium/sodium relationship at urine sodium excretion rates below 1·5 mEq per 100 ml of glomerular filtrate indicated that, within this range, urine calcium excretion was inversely related to serum bicarbonate concentration and positively related to urine sodium excretion. 7. We conclude that there is reduced tubular reabsorption of calcium in renal failure, and this is attributable both to metabolic acidosis and to the increased rate of sodium excretion per nephron, and that it could be a significant contributory factor in the hypocalcaemia which may be observed in renal failure without hyperphosphataemia.

scholarly journals Effects of Ammonium Chloride Supplements on Serum Calcium Concentration in Pre-parturient Dairy Cows

2002 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 219-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naoto SUZUKI ◽  
Akihiro DAIRAKU ◽  
Tomio KATAGAI ◽  
Gensei TSUNODA ◽  
Kazuyuki SUZUKI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Ammonium Chloride ◽  
Serum Calcium ◽  
Calcium Concentration ◽  
Serum Calcium Concentration

scholarly journals Effect of the first and second postpartum partial milking on blood serum calcium concentration in dairy cows

2014 ◽  
Vol 59 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 128-133
Author(s):  
E.G. Salgado-Hernández ◽  
A. Aparicio-Cecilio ◽  
F.H. Velásquez-Forero ◽  
D.A. Castillo-Mata
Keyword(s):  
Blood Serum ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Serum Calcium ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Calcium Concentration ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Serum Calcium Concentration ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Parturient paresis and subclinical hypocalcemia are frequent metabolic disorders in dairy cows postpartum. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of postpartum partial milking in the first two milkings on blood serum calcium concentration in dairy cows. Twenty multiparous Holstein dairy cows were randomized into two groups. Cows of group 1 (n = 10) were partially milked at the first and second milking postpartum. Cows of group 2 (n = 10) were completely milked. Blood samples were collected from all animals 5–7 days before calving, within 30 min after calving, and 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28, and 32 h after calving for determination of serum calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), and magnesium (Mg) concentrations. Colostrum production was registered and sampled in the first and second milking. Concentration of Ca in colostrum was determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Serum Ca and P concentrations decreased in both groups after parturition (P < 0.05) and remained low during 32 h postpartum with no difference observed between groups (P > 0.05). Serum concentrations of Mg were stable in all samples and no statistical difference was observed between groups (P > 0.05). Colostrum production was higher in completely milked cows only in the first postpartum milking (P < 0.05), but there was no difference between groups at the second milking. Total Ca secretion in colostrum was higher in the complete milking group at the first and second postpartum milking. Colostrum Ca secretion increased at the second milking with respect to the first one in both groups (P < 0.05). There was no correlation between serum Ca and colostrum Ca (P > 0.05). In this study, the partial milking of colostrum in the first and second milking postpartum did not prevent subclinical hypocalcemia in dairy cows.  

Acute Dystonic Reaction to Methotrimeprazine in Hypoparathyroidism

1996 ◽  
Vol 30 (9) ◽  
pp. 957-959 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanan Gur ◽  
Yoav Paz ◽  
Yechezkel Sidi
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Serum Calcium ◽  
Calcium Concentration ◽  
Antipsychotic Drugs ◽  
Combined Effects ◽  
Serum Calcium Concentration ◽  
Dystonic Reaction ◽  
Case Summary ◽  
Adenylate Cyclase Activation ◽  
Increased Sensitivity

OBJECTTVE: To report a case of acute dystonic reaction to methotrimeprazine in a patient with untreated hypoparathyroidism, emphasizing the potential increased sensitivity of hypocalcemic patients to the extrapyramidal adverse effects of antipsychotic drugs. CASE SUMMARY: An 80-year-old man who had untreated hypoparathyroidism and chronic hypocalcemia developed an acute dystonic reaction 20 minutes after ingestion of methotrimeprazine 25 mg. His medical history included an ill-defined psychiatric disorder for which he had been treated with methotrimeprazine several years earlier. The patient denied having any other diseases or taking any other medications. After 4 days, the disorientation, psychomotor restlessness, dystonic grimacing, protrusion of the tongue, and speech difficulties disappeared, despite a remaining low serum calcium concentration. DISCUSSION: A possible mechanism, by which striatal calmodulin-mediated adenylate cyclase activation is inhibited by the combined effects of phenothiazines and hypocalcemia, is discussed. CONCLUSIONS: In this patient, it is not possible to ascertain whether the dystonic reaction was due to hypocalcemia, phenothiazine administration, or both. However, it is suggested that patients with hypocalcemia may be sensitive to the extrapyramidal adverse effects of antipsychotics. In addition, acute unexpected dystonic reactions to a small dose of antipsychotics warrants measurement of the patient's serum calcium concentration.

A Membrane Ultrafiltration Procedure for Determining Diffusible Calcium in Serum

1970 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 226-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Genevieve Farese ◽  
Milton Mager ◽  
William F Blatt
Keyword(s):  
Serum Calcium ◽  
Calcium Concentration ◽  
Simple Procedure ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
High Flux ◽  
Ultrafiltration Membranes ◽  
Serum Calcium Concentration ◽  
Normal Value ◽  
Total Serum Calcium ◽  
The Mean

Abstract A rapid, simple procedure is described for separating diffusible from proteinbound serum calcium by centrifugation through high-flux ultrafiltration membranes. The mean normal value for ultrafilterable calcium was 57.1% (range 52 to 61%) of the total serum calcium concentration.

Some Metabolic Effects of a Single Dose of Crystalline Dihydrotachysterol

1972 ◽  
Vol 50 (11) ◽  
pp. 1086-1090
Author(s):  
R. J. Burriss Garrett ◽  
Harmon C. Bickley ◽  
J. W. Little
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Serum Calcium ◽  
Serum Calcium Level ◽  
Calcium Concentration ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
Serum Calcium Concentration ◽  
Quantitative Studies

A single 1 mg dose of crystalline dihydrotachysterol was administered by gavage to female rats. Quantitative studies of subsequent changes in serum calcium level, food intake, animal weight, and femur cortical fragility indicated that the effects of this drug were severe and protracted. Serum calcium concentration increased to a peak within 2 days and remained elevated throughout the experiment. Food intake and weight of dihydrotachysterol-treated animals declined severely and a sudden onset of femur cortical fragility was detected on the 5th day following treatment.

SERUM CALCIUM CONCENTRATION DIFFERENCES BETWEEN HIGH AND LOW CREATINE KINASE RESPONDERS 676

1996 ◽  
Vol 28 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. 113
Author(s):  
C. A. Dennehy ◽  
J. K. Moffit ◽  
K. A. Hutcheson ◽  
C. M. Schneider
Keyword(s):  
Creatine Kinase ◽  
Serum Calcium ◽  
Calcium Concentration ◽  
Serum Calcium Concentration
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